Hsu 1 Engineering Profession Ab

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Design for Engineering

Unit #1 Introduction to the Engineering Profession

Annette Beattie

April 10, 2006

EngineeringETP 2006 Annette Beattie

This material is based upon work supported by the NationalScience Foundation under Grant No. 0402616. Any opinions,findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed inthis material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarilyreflect the view of the National Science Foundation (NSF).


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Engineering Definitions

Problem solving

The profession in which knowledge of the

mathematical and natural sciences gainedby study, experience, and practice isapplied with judgment to develop ways to

economically utilize the materials and theforces of nature for the benefit ofmankind. (OSU, n.d.)


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What does it take?

Drive & perseverance!

How do you get those?

Have to be willing to make the effort. Dont let anything stand in your way.

Know what youre getting into.

Engineers have in common the desire tomake the world a better place.(VCSU,2006)


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The First Engineer

Imhotep

Designed the pyramid near Memphis,

Egypt around 2550 BC. (BBC, n.d.)


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Imhotep

He set a precedent by including temples,pavilions, corridors, chapels and halls within theclosed walls.

He was a commoner by birth.

Which means he did not have a formaleducation (that was only for the rich).

At that time engineers learned the trade throughthe apprenticeship system. (BBC, n.d.)


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Imhotep

He became one of the kings most trusted

advisors.

His reputation lives on still today in manyfictional stories such as:

The Mummy &

The Mummy Returns(BBC, n.d.)


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Engineering School

Since the industrial revolution began inEngland about 1750, most would think the

study of engineering began there, too. But military engineering was taught in

France in the 1600s.

The Corps des Ponts et Chaussees wasthe first engineering school in the world.Opened in France in 1747. (VCSU, 2006)


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American Engineering

During the Revolution, the need formilitary and civil engineers became great.

George Washington, whose backgroundwas in civil engineering, called for theformation of engineering schools. (VCSU, 2006)


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West Point included an engineering

school in the 1780s.

Before the Civil War, land expansionand the growth of railroads fueled theneed for engineers.(VCSU, 2006)


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From the Civil War to 1900 there were twomajor influences affecting engineering. The continued economic boom

Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 - Pres. Lincoln

This provided public land to have a college ineach state.

Specified a practical education to the masses,which lead to engineering schools. (VCSU,2006)

NDSU, known for its engineering program,

was established through this act in 1891.(NDSU, n.d.)


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The 1900s

The automobile & two world wars demanded

large numbers of engineers.America was cut off from Europes scientific

knowledge because of WW II.

This exposed a weakness in science andengineering education.(VCSU, 2006)


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1958 - National Defense Education Act

This was set up to stimulate the

advancement of education in math andsciences and other fields.

It established a student loan program forcolleges. (Encyclopedia.com, n.d.)


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1963 Vocational Education Act

Funding for vocational education was greatly

increased.

Also provided work study programs.

These 2 acts greatly increased the

number of people that could enroll in anengineering study. (VCSU, 2005/2006)


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What else happened to increaseAmericas engineers?

Hitlers Holocaust drove the best of thescientists and engineers out of Europe and toAmerica.

Freedom and opportunity sealed the deal.They stayed and helped America become asuper power.(VCSU, 2005/2006)


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America also captured Germanys bestscientists and engineers in the field of rocketryand brought them to America during WW II.

America didnt use them right away, but it keptRussia from having access to their knowledge.

However, while America was falling in love withthe field of aviation, Russia put a satellite intoorbit. (The Sputnik Crisis) (VCSU,2005/2006)


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America quickly created NASA in 1958.The U.S. also put a man on the moon

before Russia in 1969. John F. Kennedy closed the missile gap

by deploying 1000 Minuteman missiles -

far more than Russia had. (VCSU,2005/2006)


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America has prospered on theeducational investments made in the

60s. Can we sit back and relax?

Hardly, the scientists, engineers and

teachers (baby boomers) we educated inthe 60s are now about to retire. (VCSU,

2005/2006)


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For America to secure its superpower

position, we need more engineers!

America produces 70,000 engineers/yr India produces 350,000

China produces 600,000 (VCSU, 2005/2006)


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Why study engineering?

Job satisfaction

The No. 1 cause of unhappiness is job

dissatisfaction. Important to find a career you enjoy.

Variety of career opportunities

Neil Armstrong, Jimmy Carter, and AlfredHitchcock all started with an engineering

education. (ASEE, 2004)


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Challenging work Problems will be open-ended

No single answer

No answer in the back of the book

No teacher to tell you that you are right orwrong

You find a solution and persuade othersthat yours is the best one (ASEE, 2004)


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Intellectual development An engineering education will develop your ability to

think logically and to solve problems

Benefit society You can choose projects that benefit society

Cleaning the environment Developing prosthetic aids for disabled persons

Finding new sources of energy (ASEE, 2004)


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Financial security

This should not be your only reason for

choosing a career in engineering However, you will be well paid

Engineering graduates receive the highest

starting salary of any discipline (ASEE, 2004)


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Prestige

Engineers greatly help

sustain our nation's international competitiveness

maintain our standard of living

ensure a strong national security

protect public safety

People know that engineering requires hard work

and strong technical skills. As a member of thisprofession, you will receive a high amount of

prestige. (ASEE, 2004)


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Professional environment You will work in a professional environment in which

you will be treated with respect and have some

freedom in choosing your work.

Creative thinking We are in a time of rapid social and technological

changes, therefore, the need for engineers to thinkcreatively is greater than ever before. (ASEE, 2004)


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Technological and scientific discovery Do you know why golf balls have dimples?

When you drive on a mountain road, do you look

at the guard rails and understand why they weredesigned the way they are?

Do you know why split-level houses experiencemore damage in earthquakes?

An engineering education can help youunderstand how many things in the world work.(ASEE, 2004)


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ENGINEERING ISEVERYWHERE Engineering gives shape to our world

We all know cars, computers, airplanes, and

bridges are all products of imaginativeengineering

But did you know bubble gum, baseball bats,movie special effects, roller coasters, and

synthetic human tissue replacements are alsoengineering products?(ASEE, 2004)


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ENGINEERING ISEVERYWHERE Engineers design, create, or modify nearly

everything we touch, wear, eat, see, and hear in

our daily lives. Their innovations and inventions fuel economic

growth, fortify national security, improvehealthcare, and safeguard the environment.(ASEE, 2004)


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Sources

ASEE. (2004). The top 10 benefits of an engineering career. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website:

http://www.engineeringk12.org

BBC. (n.d.). Imhotep (fl. 2667-2648 BC). Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/imhotep.shtml

Encyclopedia.com. (n.d.). National defense education act. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website:

http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/N/NatlD1efe.asp

North Dakota State University. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website: http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu

Ohio State University. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2006, from Ohio state University website:

http://www.matsceng.ohio-state.edu/about/

Valley City State University. (2005/2006). Technology education 675 research and assessment in technology

education unit 1 reading assignment realizing excellence. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website:

http://www.vcsu.edu

Valley City State University. (2006). Technology education 660 design for engineering unit 1 reading

assignment. Retrieved April 15, 2006 from the website: http://www.vcsu.edu
http://www.engineeringk12.org/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/imhotep.shtmlhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/html/N/NatlD1efe.asphttp://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/http://www.matsceng.ohio-state.edu/about/http://www.vcsu.edu/http://www.vcsu.edu/http://www.vcsu.edu/http://www.vcsu.edu/http://www.matsceng.ohio-state.edu/about/http://www.matsceng.ohio-state.edu/about/http://www.matsceng.ohio-state.edu/about/http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/N/NatlD1efe.asphttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/imhotep.shtmlhttp://www.engineeringk12.org/


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Standards

Standard 1: Students will develop an understanding of thecharacteristics and scope of technology

K. The rate of technological development and diffusion is increasingrapidly.

Standard 7: Students will develop an understanding of theinfluence of technology on history

H. The evolution of civilization has been directly affected by, andhas in turn affected, the development and use of tools and materials.

I. Throughout history, technology has been a powerful force in

reshaping the social, cultural, political and economic landscape. N. The industrial revolution saw the development of continuous

manufacturing, sophisticated transportation and communicationpractices and improved education and leisure time.

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