Metric horsepower

Metric horsepower began in Germany in the 19th century and became popular across Europe and Asia. The various units used to indicate this definition ("PS", "CV", "pk", and "ch") all translate to "horse power" in English, so it is common to see these values referred to as "horsepower" or "hp" in the press releases or media coverage of the German, French, Italian, and Japanese automobile companies. British manufacturers often intermix metric horsepower and mechanical horsepower depending on the origin of the engine in question.

Metric horsepower, as a rule, is defined as 0.73549875 kW, or roughly 98.6% of mechanical horsepower. This was a minor issue in the days when measurement systems varied widely and engines produced less power, but has become a major sticking point today. Exotic cars from Europe like the McLaren F1 and Bugatti Veyron are often quoted using the wrong definition, and their power output is sometimes even converted twice because of confusion over whether the original "horsepower" number was metric or mechanical.[citation needed]

[edit] PS

This unit (German: Pferdestärke = horse strength) is no longer a statutory unit, but is still commonly used in Europe, South America and Japan, especially by the automotive and motorcycle industry. It was adopted throughout continental Europe with designations equivalent to the English "horsepower", but mathematically different from the British unit. It is defined by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)[5] in Braunschweig as exactly:

1 PS = 75 kilopond·metre/second ~= 735.5 newton·m/s ~= 735.5 W ~= 0.7355 kW ~= 0.98632 hp (SAE)

The PS was adopted by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) and then by the automotive industry throughout most of Europe, under varying names. In 1992, the PS was rendered obsolete by EEC directives, when it was replaced by the kilowatt as the official power measuring unit. It is still in use for commercial and advertising purposes, as many customers are not familiar with the use of kilowatts for engines.

TORQUE SPECIFICATION TORQUE SPECIFICATION TORQUE DENOMINATIONS: APPREVIATIONS: INCH POUND FOOT POUND NEWTON METER KILOGRAM METER KILOGRAM CENTIMETER DECA NEWTON METER KILOGRAM OUNCE POUND IN.LBS. FT.LBS. NM KGM KGCM DAN/M KG. OZ. LB.

CONVERSIONS: CONVERSIONS: IN.LBS. : 12 = FT.LBS. FT.LBS. x 12 = IN.LBS. IN.LBS. : 8.857 = NM FT.LBS. x 1.356 = NM IN.LBS. : 86.8 = KGM FT.LBS. x 0.1383 = KGM IN.LBS. : 88.57 = DAN/M FT.LBS. x 0.1356 = DAN/M NM x 8.851 = IN.LBS. KGM x 86.8 = IN.LBS. NM x 0.7356 = FT.LBS. KGM x 7.233 = FT.LBS. NM x 0.1019716 = KGM KGM x 9.807 = NM NM x 0.1 = DAN/M KGM x 0.9807 = DAN/M

KGCM x 0.8687 = IN.LBS. DAN/M x 88.51 = IN.LBS. KGCM x 0.07233 = FT.LBS. DAN/M x 7.380833 = FT.LBS. KGCM x 0.0980795 = NM DAN/M x 10 = NM KGCM x 0.01000811= KGM DAN/M x 1.0204082 = KGM KGCM x 0.0098 = DAN/M DAN/M x 101.97 = KGCM LBS. X 0.45356 = KG KG x 2.205 = LBS SCREW ADVANCEMENT FORMULA: American Standard Unified Threads: 1 x RPM x 1.1 Pitch = 60 Inches per second ofscrew advancement Metric Threads: Thread Pitch x RPM x 1.1 60 = mm per second of screw advancementTORQUE = HP x 63000 RPM HP = TORQUE x RPM63000