How to set the Research and Innovation agenda?...François Houllier /Brussels .01 08/10/2015 How to...
Transcript of How to set the Research and Innovation agenda?...François Houllier /Brussels .01 08/10/2015 How to...
François Houllier /Brussels .01
08/10/2015
How to set
the Research and Innovation agenda?
François Houllier
Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in the Bioeconomy.
A Challenge for Europe
Brussels, 8th of October, 2015
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08/10/2015
Bioeconomy:
what do the scientists tell us? A too short history of scientific publications that refer to bioeconomy
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Bioeconomy:
a still young and evolutive scientific concept
Forest sciences
Microbiology
Bioenergy & biofuels
Plant sciences & biotechnologies
Chemical & env. engineering
Social sciences
Enzymology & biochemistry
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Mapping Bioeconomy
scientific domains
Plant Sciences & Biotechnologies
Social & Health Sciences
Forest & Bioenergy & Environmental Sciences
Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology
Chemistry
Processes & Engineering
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The need to better express
what Bioeconomy means in the scientific community
• 9-10 juin : « Bioeconomie 2020 – 2050. Les défis aux filières agricoles, alimentaires et énergétiques françaises »
—The contribution to sustainable development: the need for systemic territorial approaches
—The key contribution of technological breakthroughs: systems and synthetic biology, white and green biotechnologies, …
—The role of consumers’ behaviours, with a special focus on diets
—The role of public policies, with a special focus on the valuation of the environmental assets, resources and externalities
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About foresight – research interactions
How do foresight and research feed each other?
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Agrimonde: 2 scenarios
to explore the future of food systems by 2050
World AGO AG1
Use
Population +47%
Co
nsu
mp
tion
Kcal/inhabitant/day
(±3000 Kcal/inhabitant/day) +20% Stable
Animal part De 16% à 23% Stable (15%)
Reso
urc
es
Lan
d u
se
Cultivated lands
1961-2000 : +4 Mha/an
+23%
+7 Mha/year
+39%
+12 Mha/year
11% non food
Forests Stable
Pastures and meadows +7% -15%
Yields
1961-2000 : +2% per year
+75%
+1,14%/year
+7%
+0,14%/year
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AgriMonde :
‘the planet can feed 9 billion people in 2050 if…’
• … we consider food system as a whole and play on different levers
— The demand side and the changes in the diet
• Quantity and type of food (eg. the share of meat in the diet)
— The supply side and the capability to increase food production
• Two complementary levers: area and yield
• ‘Ecological intensification’ as a means to increase production and preserve the environment
— The ‘vertical’ and ‘horizontal’ fluxes
• Reducing the losses along the food chains, from production down to consumption and waste management
• Playing on trade, while controlling and reducing volatility, and increasing the revenue of small farmers through the development of local agriculture
• Mastering the new uses of biomass (energy, chemistry, materials) and the subsequent competition for land and for biomass
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Sustainable intensification as a research priority derived from
AgriMonde
• 3 INRA metaprogrammes in agroecology: transdisciplinary research
• EU projects: FACCE SURPLUS ERAnet CoFund (Research in Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture)
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DuALine: a complementary approach to AgriMonde
in order to address food system sustainability
• Food systems from the farm’s gate to the eater’s plate
• With the aim to highlight the determinants that may positively or negatively affect their sustainability
—The trends affecting global food systems faced with new challenges
—Effects on their sustainability (according the definition of FAO, 2010)
—Focusing on the downstream side of the system
—Investigating the relationships between diets and sustainability
—Taking into account cultural, consumerist, social , economic and local aspects
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DuALine: a complementary approach to AgriMonde
in order to address food system sustainability
• New research avenues —How inequalities in access to a balanced diet –quantitatively and qualitatively–
affect food system sustainability?
—What can be expected from consumer choices to steer the food system towards sustainable options?
—What are the respective roles of the market and regulations in changing food supply and choices?
—What role do domestic food and outside catering practices play in sustainability?
—Lack of data and analyses on food consumption and practices in Southern countries
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Addressing the issue of diet’s economic and physiological
determinants
• INRA: DID’IT metaprogramme
• EU: SUSFOOD Era-Net and HDHL JPI
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ARP VegA: coupling AgriMonde with IEA foresights
• 4 contrasted scenarios to explore the potential use of biomass for energy and chemistry
Consommation de bioénergie et bioproduits dans les scénarios (en Mtep), hors biomasse traditionnelle
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2005 scénario 1 scénario 2 scénario 3 scénario 4
Mte
p
biomolécules
électricité et chaleur issues de la biomasse
biocarburants
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ARP VegA: coupling AgriMonde with IEA foresights
• New questions about the availability of agricultural land for dedicated crops
Dedicated area Waste area
Scenario 1 270 - 545 Mha -
Scenario 2 475 - 645 Mha 35 Mha
Scenario 3 390 - 835 Mha 200 Mha
Scenario 4 455 - 925 Mha 200 Mha
Which theoretical area for the production of biomass?
(Mha, excluding traditonal biomass)
• New projects on the transformation of biomass into energy and chemistry
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Open questions: how to incorporate changes?
• Changing environment: the issue of climate change
—INRA: ACCAF metaprogramme
—EU: Animal Change collaborative project, Climate Smart Agriculture ERAnet+, FACCE JPI
• Technological advances and breakthroughs —INRA metaprogramme on genomic selection
for crops and animals
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Open questions:
how to deal with regional issues?
• Addressing food insecurity in North Africa and the Middle East
—Results from an advanced study led by INRA, on behalf of Pluriagri, will be shared with stakeholders at a colloquium in Paris on 28 October 2015.
—The goal of the conference will be to consider the future of the agri-food system in this politically sensitive region under climate change and demographical and food transition
• https://colloque.inra.fr/pluriagri2015
• EU projects and initiatives —ARIMNet1 & -2
—PRIMA: Partnership in Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (Initiative under art. 185 TFEU)
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Bioeconomy:
what do the foresight studies tell us?
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Foresight and forward looking studies …
• … as research tools for —setting the scene
—raising contextualized research questions and generating strategic research agendas
—checking the consistency of scientific knowledge
—enhancing the links with policy-makers
• … benefiting from the coupling —of qualitative scenarios
—and of quantitative modeling at various scales
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A sample of key issues: about systems and technologies
• Consumers’ behaviours (determinants, variability, changes, …)
• Land use and the share of biomass dedicated to the ‘animal loop’
• Agroecology as a scientific framework for sustainable intensification
• Technologies and biotechnologies as levers to increase yields, reduce wastes and losses, create new biomass-derived products
• Trade-off between reducing wastes and losses, and the creation of new value chains in a circular & cascading biomass-based economy
• The challenge of incorporating changes and ruptures (environmental, behavioural or technological) in foresight studies
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Thank you for your attention