How the farmers of El Guerdane (Morocco) integrate … · A permanent overexplotation of...
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26 ERC Theme gouv 2/2 - 13-oct-2015
MAHDANE Mhamed,
FLSH, Université Ibn Zohr d'Agadir, Maroc
ROSSEL Frédéric, UMR G-EAU, Montpellier SupAgro, Institut des Régions Chaudes,
Montpellier, France
RUF Thierry UMR GRED, Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement, Montpellier, France [email protected]
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How the farmers of El Guerdane (Morocco)
integrate the diminution of water access and the new schemes of watersharing for drop irrigation
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Comment se sont adaptés les agriculteurs d’El Guerdane (Maroc) à la diminution de l’accès à l’eau et à la mise en place
d’un système de distribution d’eau pour l’irrigation localisé ?
MAHDANE Mhamed,
FLSH, Université Ibn Zohr d'Agadir, Maroc
ROSSEL Frédéric, UMR G-EAU, Montpellier SupAgro, Institut des Régions Chaudes,
Montpellier, France
RUF Thierry UMR GRED, Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement, Montpellier, France [email protected]
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Presentation outlines
1. The context of Guerdane
2. History of successive schemes
3. The new project of Guerdane
4. Effects of the new paradigmes
5. Colateral projects for small farmers
6. conclusion
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Plan de la Présentation
1. Le contexte de Guerdane
2. Histoire des aménagements hydro-
agricoles successifs
3. Le nouveau projet de Guerdane
4. Les effets des nouveaux paradigmes
5. Les projets colatéraux pour les petits
producteurs
6. conclusion
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1. The context of Guerdane
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1.The context of Guerdane Several Irrigated zones and systems
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1. The context of Guerdane A specific central scheme with orange trees
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1. The context of Guerdane Different water resources (surface and grounwater)
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1. The context of Guerdane A huge watertable with many users
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Puits
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1. The context of Guerdane A permanent overexplotation of groundwater
Termes du bilan en Mm3/an 2002-03
Entrées
Variation des réserves (déstockage) 393.00
Recharge 251.44
Alimentation par les bordures 35.38
Total 679.82
Sorties
Variation des réserves (stockage) 83.06
Prélèvements 575.53
Pertes en océan 20.75
Total 679.34
Bilan des réserves -309.46
Bilan de la nappe calculé en 2003
Source : ABHSMD Enfouissement de la nappe du Souss entre 1968 et 1993. D'après Askassay et Najib, 2008
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1. The context of Guerdane A permanent overexplotation of groundwater
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1. The context of Guerdane A new policy : save the trees with a specific dam…
Source : Houdret, A. 2012. The water connection: Irrigation and politics in southern Morocco. Water Alternatives 5(2): 284-303
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1. The context of Guerdane … and experiment a private-public agreement for
water management in the new scheme
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1. The context of Guerdane Questions of research : what happen ?
Inside Guerdane project ? Around Guerdane Project ?
Research on water management in the
Guerdane area
February 2014
FLSH – University of Agadir IRC – IRD Montpellier
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1. The context of Guerdane Questions of research : what happen ?
Inside Guerdane project ? Around Guerdane Project ?
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Set of interviews and observations
FLSH – University of Agadir
IRC – IRD Montpellier
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2. History of successive schemes
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2. History of the schemes A old set of canals depending of Souss river
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archeology of modern hydraulic devices The main seguia of Guerdane area
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Source : Popp, 1981
2. History of the schemes Examples of old hydraulic paterns
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Tidsi, the last place with khettara and oasis organisation
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The individual organisation of modern farms
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2. History of the schemes Changing strategies : the race of pumping for individual entrepreneurs
Information map of Popp (1981)
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2. History of the schemes
Changing water distribution through a set of dams, canals and pipes
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NAME OF THE SESSION OR THE WORKSHOP 26
Titre …
How it was in the 1990
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Slou9ia
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How it works nowadays
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2. History of the schemes
Surface irrigation in some places of the semi-old/modern scheme
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3. The new project of Guerdane to save large orange production units with a new offer of water
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3. The new project of Guerdane
And its implementation
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4. Effects of the new paradigmes
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NAME OF THE SESSION OR THE WORKSHOP 32
4. Effects of the new paradigmes
Discontinuity and new questions
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4. Effects of the new paradigmes Orange trees for always ? Water for orange ?
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4. Effects of the new paradigmes New models with others demands
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5. Colateral projects for small farmers
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5. Colateral projects for small farmers
AUEA Es Salam
AUEA Tahouzinte
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5. Colateral projects for small farmers
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Goutte à goutte
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5. Colateral projects for small farmers
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Conclusion A complex future
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Some old thinks for new generations
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Some risks for many actors
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How to connect surface and ground water ?
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The story goes on. Some monthes later…
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Deeper and deeper races to get water