How do geological processes and climate change affect evolution?
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How do geological processes and climate change affect evolution?
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It is by the ff.- Tectonic plates movements
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• Volcanic Eruption
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• Earthquake
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• Climate Change
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Geologic Processes Affects Natural Selection
• The tectonic plates have drifted slowly on the planets mantle.
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Effects
• The location of continents and oceanic basins have greatly influenced the earth’s climate and thus helped to determined where animals and plants can live.
• Species has allowed to move , adapt a new environment and form new species to natural selection.
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Climate change and Catastrophes affect natural selection
• Cooled • Covered with ice
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• Warm • Melted ice and raised the sea level
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How do speciation , extinction and human activities affects biodiversity?
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• It can decrease biodiversity by causing premature extinction of species and by destroying or degrading habitats needed for the development of new species
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How do new species evolve• It is by NATURAL SELECTION and also called as
SPECIATION.
• SPECIATION- it is a process where a specie splits into 2 or more different kinds of species.
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2 Kinds of Speciation
• 1. Geographic Isolation- a specie become physically isolated from one another for a long period of time.
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• 2. Reproductive Isolation• - mutation and change by natural selection
operate independently in the gene pools of geographically isolated populations.
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Extinction is forever
• Extinction- a process in which an entire specie ceases to exist or a population of a specie becomes extinct or gone over a large region but not globally.
• Ex. Endemic specie- specie that found only in one area.
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2 kinds of extinction
• 1. Background extinction- species have disappeared at a low rate (1 to 5 species extinct)
• 2. Mass extinction.- species have disappeared at a high rate (a large group of specie extinct)
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What is species diversity and why is it important?
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• Species diversity is a major component of biodiversity and tends to increase the sustainability of some ecosystems.
• Species diversity includes the variety and abundance of specie in a particular place.
• - species richness• - species evenness
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What roles do species play in an ecosystem?
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• Each species plays an ecological role called NICHE.
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Cockroaches
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• It is the natures ultimate survivors lived around 350 million years.
• They survived because they can eat anything that they see.
• 3500 different kinds of cockroaches• They also have 2000 lenses in their eyes• And did you know that Asian cockroaches can
offspring a 10 million eggs in their entire life.
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Niches can be occupied by native and nonnative species.
• Native species -species that are normally live and thrive in a
particular ecosystem.• Nonnative species -species that migrating or accidentally
introduced into an ecosystem
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Indicator Species serve as biological smoke alarms
• Birds are also excellent as biological indicators because they are found almost everywhere and they are affected quickly by environmental changes.
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Revisiting amphibians species
• Frogs- sensitive and vulnerable to environmental disruption at various points in their life cycle.
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Keystone and foundation species play important roles in their ecosystem.
• Keystone species- whose roles have a large effect on the types and abundance of the other specie in an ecosystem.
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• Foundation Species- a major role in shaping community by creating and enhancing their habitats in ways that benefit other species.