How are Plant Cells and Animal Cells Different?

How is Mitosis Different in Plant Cells?

• Plant cells do not have centrioles.

• Plant cells do Not do Cytokinesis. Instead they form a cell plate.

Centrioles

• Animal cells contain Centrioles but plant

cells do not.

Cell Walls

• Plant cells have cell walls and animal cells

do not.

Vacuoles

• Plant cells have large vacuoles.

• Animal cells have small vacuoles.

Shape

• Plant cells usually have a rectangular shape.

• Animal cells are usually round.

CELL PROCESSESDIFFUSION

&OSMOSIS

& ACTIVE TRANSPORT

What is DIFFUSION?

Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from an area of high concentration (DENSE) to an area of low concentration (LESS DENSE).

Does it end?

Diffusion ends when molecules are evenly distributed on both sides of the cell membrane.

How does diffusion help a cell?Cells can get important substances. (oxygen,H2O, nutrients)Cells can get rid of wastes.(CO2, H2O, nitrogen)

How does diffusion occur in a cell?In living cells materials pass through small holes called PORES in the cell membrane

CELL MEMBRANE

MOLECULE

HIGH

LOW

MOLECULES MOVE OUT OF THE CELL! HIGH TO LOW

CELL MEMBRANE

MOLECULE

LOW

HIGH

MOLECULES MOVE INTO THE CELL! HIGH TO LOW

Does diffusion use energy?

NO! The cell does not use energy during diffusion.

Diffusion is also known as PASSIVE TRANSPORT.

Passive transport video – 4 minutes – click once to start

What is OSMOSIS?

OSMOSIS is a special name for the diffusion of WATER across a cell membrane.

Why is water important?

Water is needed for dissolving and carrying materials, giving support to plant cells and making up 75% of your body!

PLANT CELL WITH WATER

CELL WALL

WATER PUSHES ON CELL WALL MAKING IT RIGID

WATER VACUOLE

PLANT CELL WITHOUT WATER

CELL WALL

WA

TE

R V

AC

UO

LE

CELL WALL CAVES IN WITHOUT WATER PRESSURE

What is ACTIVE TRANSPORT?Active Transport is the process of molecules moving from an area of low concentration (LESS DENSE) to an area of high concentration (DENSE).

Does active transport use energy?

YES! The cell uses energy during active transport.

Why do cells use active transport?Cells can store nutrients in high #s. (H2O, glucose, oxygen)Cells can keep wastes out.Cells get large molecules in/out

CELL MEMBRANE

MOLECULE

HIGH

LOW

MOLECULES MOVE INTO THE CELL! LOW TO HIGH

CELL MEMBRANE

MOLECULE

LOW

HIGH

MOLECULES MOVE OUT OF THE CELL! LOW TO HIGH

What does SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE mean?Selectively permeable means that the cell can control what goes in or out of the cell membrane.

Also called a SEMIPERMEABLE Membrane

Active transport video – 5 minutes – click once to start