Housing: A Universal Need

Housing and Interior DesignUnit 1

Housing & Interior Design

Unit 1Housing Needs

1.1 Define terms related to housing needs

Archeologist = scientist who studies history through the relics and remains of old civilizations.

 

Climate = weather conditions of a region determined by temperature and meteorological changes over a period of years.

 

Condominium = individually owned housing units in a multi-unit development.

Culture = everything about the way a group of people live.

 Duplex = one building that contains two

separate living units.

 Earth Sheltered = houses that are partially

covered with soil.

Efficiency Apartment = a unit with one main room, a small kitchen area, and a bathroom.

 Eviction = a legal action that requires tenants to

move out before the lease has expired.

 Exposure = the position of a house in relation to

the sun and wind.

Green Building = designing, building, and operating homes to use materials, energy, and water efficiently.

 Housing = any structure built for people to live in. HUD = (The United States Department of Housing

and Urban Development) - an agency that provides funding for housing for the elderly and disabled.

Lease = a legal document a lessee signs when agreeing to rent housing for a specified period of time.

Lessee = someone who pays rent to use or occupy property owned by someone else. 

Lesser= a person who owns a property and rents it to someone else. 

Manufactured Home = a transportable structure, constructed in a factory, designed to be used as a single family dwelling.

Modular Home = a home made up of separate boxlike sections that are built in a factory and assembled at the site.

 Planned Neighborhood = a self-contained town,

zoned for residential and business uses.

Security Deposit = a fee paid by a renter to cover the cost of any future damage that may be caused to the unit.

 SMART House = simple and easy-to-use home

automation system based on computer technology.

 Sublet = to move out of a rental unit before the

lease is up and rent the unit to someone else while retaining legal responsibility for the lease.

Technology = the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes such as reaching goals, meeting needs, and solving problems.

 Townhouse = a series of individual housing

units, usually identical in appearance, with a common wall between each dwelling.

 

Universal Design = designing interiors and products to accommodate all people with a variety of requirements, needs, and abilities.

 Utilities = services such as electric power,

gas, water, and telephone.

 

HOME

Describe what you think of when you see the word “home.”

Why might home vary from one culture to another?

Objectives:

Discuss prehistoric and past housing trends. (1.2)

Describe present housing trends. (1.3)

Predict future housing trends. (1.4) Discuss major challenges in the area

of housing today and in the future. (1.5)

Objectives:

List individual and family needs affecting housing choices. (1.6)

Discuss factors which influence the need for housing. (1.7)

Describe special housing needs for a disabled or elderly person. (1.8)

Home

Of great importance in people’s lives

Protects people

Provides people with a safe environment

Housing

Housing Any structure built

for people to live in.

People share the need for housing around the world.

Prehistoric and Past Housing Trends

Natural Shelters

Portable Shelters

Permanent Shelters

1.2

Natural Shelters

Used what the land offered

People lived in natural shelters

Caves, thickets, and pits that people dug

1.2

Natural Shelters Archaeologists

Scientists who study history through relics and remains of old civilizations.

Examined bones, charcoal paintings, and pottery chips, which told them that humans occupied caves and elaborate underground dwellings. 1.2

Portable Shelters

Some primitive people survived by hunting, fishing, and gathering wild fruits and seeds.

These people moved frequently.

1.2

Portable Shelters These people designed shelters to be

taken apart, transported, and reassembled.

They used wood or bone; animal skins, branches, and grasses.

Examples are Native American Plains people and tepees

1.2

Portable Shelters

Still used by nomads.

Nomads

People who wander from place to place in search of food.

1.2

Permanent Shelters

With farming, people didn’t have to move.

Selected locations with good soil and water supplies.

1.2

Permanent Shelters

Shelters built depended on available materials.

Granary was the first idea for building shelters for possessions.

1.2

Solve this problem…

Assume you must make a permanent shelter out of materials grown naturally where you live.

What will it look like?

1.2

Distinctions within Communities Egyptian nobles and rulers

Huge, beautifully decorated palaces

Farmers Crude, mud-brick huts

Others Cliffs, mountainsides and hilltops for

protection

1.2

Housing Gets More Comfortable

During Renaissance (Italy, 1300’s) New technology Growth of middle class More leisure time

19th Century Homes were center of social activity

1.3

As needs change, so

does housing.1.3

Present Housing Trends

Improved methods of construction

Homes used for relaxation, entertainment and privacy.

Community development, zoning and codes, functional interiors

1.3

Future Housing Trends Building with

imported materials

Use of manufactured materials

Better tools and methods of construction

1.4

Future Housing Trends

Green Building Designing, building, and operating

homes to use materials, energy and water efficiently.

Use of high technology Programmable heating and cooling, new

appliances, better entertainment, communication and security

1.4

Activity In groups of two, think about some of the

tasks that you perform during the average day.

Choose one task and invent a computerized system that would save time or energy and make the job more fun.

Create an advertisement for this new system and share with the class.

1.4

Major Housing Challenges Today and in the Future

Creating housing that is useful to the greatest number of people.

Finding ways to make better housing available to low and middle income people and to improve the social environment.

To conserve energy and natural resources.

1.5

Individual and Family Needs Affecting Housing Choices

Unique Needs

Artist

Family

1.6

Individual and Family Needs Affecting Housing Choices

Stage in Lifespan Beginning, parenting, launching, aging or

retirement

Special Needs Health related Disabilities

1.6

Housing Fulfills Many Needs (1.7)

Physical

Psychological

1.7

Housing Fulfills Many Physical Needs

Shelter

Protection from nature

1.7

Housing Fulfills Many Physical Needs

A place to sleep

1.7

Housing Fulfills Many Physical Needs

A place to prepare and eat food.

Keeps occupants safe from animals and people who might harm them or steal belongings.

1.7

Housing Fulfills Many Psychological Needs

Space for families and friends to live, work, and play together.

Love and belonging

1.7

Finish this sentence…

The most important room in my home is the ______________ because ______________.

Why?

1.7

Housing Fulfills Many Psychological Needs

Privacy

Identity

Creativity

1.7

Special Housing Needs

Disabled

Elderly

1.8

Special Housing Needs

Growing elderly population

May have difficulty living alone

Need housing suitable to their health-related needs

Nursing homes, assisted living and adult day care

1.8

Special Housing Needs

Disabilities

Need comfortable, efficient housing that meets their needs.

Technology is very helpful.

Universal design is very important.

1.8

Universal Design Designing homes to fit people with a wide

variety of physical needs and abilities.

Contrasting floor coverings, easy to grasp lever door handles, high mounted electrical outlets, no barriers, ramps, handrails, wide doorways, different size counters, adjustable shelves

1.8

Finish this sentence…

“From primitive times to today, housing has evolved because…”

The Decision-Making Process

State the situation. Identify resources. List the options. Weigh the options. Choose the best option. Carry out your decision. Evaluate the decision.

1.9

Choosing a Location for Living

Consider the type of area you want to live in. City/Urban, rural, suburban

Consider cost of living. Higher on East and West coasts and

within and near major cities.

1.10

Choosing a Location for Living

If city, suburb, or small town is selected, a neighborhood must be chosen. Consider convenience, condition,

neighbors, transportation, etc.

Resources Drives, local police, residents

Now comes the hard part…

Do you rent, lease, or buy?

Renting

“Paying money to live in a dwelling owned by someone else”

Owner is the LANDLORD, Renter is the TENANT

Renting

Pros Predictable housing costs Limited maintenance Mobility

Cons Limited control and freedom Lack of permanence Financial disadvantages

Leasing

Lease – legal document tenant signs when agreeing to rent for a specific period of time

Long-term rental See p.214 for components of a lease

Leasing Pros

lower monthly payments little or no down payment more expensive home for less money more cash available for other purchases

Cons no equity/ownership in the residence potential early termination liability potential end-of-lease costs like excess wear and

tear and additional mileage charge

Buying

Dream for many

Most often purchased: single-family house on lot

Can also purchase unit in multi-family dwelling

Buying

Pros Feeling of belonging Independence Investment Value Good credit record Tax Advantages

Mortgage interest is tax-deductible.

Buying

Cons Unexpected expenses Time spent on maintenance Limited mobility

Purchasing a Home

Begin with financial planning How much can you afford? PITI + Maintenance + Utilities = Total $

Shop for a mortgage Conventional Adjustable rate Graduated payment

Steps in Purchasing a Home Find homes for sale Evaluate homes Make an offer Agree to purchase Obtain financing Have home inspected (p. 240) Obtain Insurance Close the deal (p. 243)

Resources to Help

Special Financing Arrangements FHA Loans

Little down payment Guaranteed loan; helps those who might

not be able to buy otherwise VA Loans

Usually no down payment For those who serve or have served in the

armed forces.

Resources to Help Rural Housing Service

For low to moderate income families who purchase homes in smaller communities.

First-Time Buyer Programs Contract for Deed

Owner financing Equity-sharing loan

Partners with party who helps pay for house as an investment

Methods of Moving

Moving Services PODS U-HAUL / RYDER Trucks Family Moving Shipping