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Forming Processes

A manufacturing activity that changes theshape of a material, without significantlyreducing its mass or weight.

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Three Major Elements of Forming

Shaping device (dies and rolls)Material temperature

Method of applying force

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Hot Forming DefinitionHot forming of metals is done

___ ABOVE __ the materialsrecrystallization temperature.If a materials temperature ismaintained above its recrystallizationpoint, then _ NEW & SMALLER _ crystalswill continue to grow.

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Grain growth during hot forming

not cold forming

COLD HOT

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Grain Images / Models

Heat allows grains to grow anneal metal soften and lessbrittle more ductile.

Van Vlack, Elements of Materials Science andEngineering, 3 rd Ed.

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Hot Forming vs. Cold FormingLess force neededMajor shape

changes possible

No heatingCloser tolerances

Better surface finish

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Hot Forming Advantages _ Hardness _ and _ Ductility _ of the metalis unchanged.

_ Less _ force is required to hot formwhen compared to cold forming.

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SixHot

Forming Processes _ Forging _ _ Extrusion _ _ Roll Forming _ _ Piercing _

_ Drawing _ _ Spinning _

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Hot Forming ProcessesForging produces a part near its final

_ size _ and _ shape _.Forging allows you to control _ grain _ direction. Grain: page 117, Fig . 10-3

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Forging

Todd, Allen, Alting:Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide

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ExtrusionExtrusion forces metal through a

_ hollow _ , shaped die which is mountedonto a pressure chamber.Dies must be kept _ lubricated _ to keepthe metal from coming in contact withthe steel dies.

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Extrusion

Direct extrusion

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Extrusion

Indirect extrusion

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Roll Forming

Yoder Mfg.

- Roll forming involves forming flat stock into _ round _ tubular stock and then _ welding _ theseam.

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Welding Rolled Tube

Yoder Mfg.

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Seamless tube forming

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Hot drawing

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Primary Steel Processing

encarta.msn.com

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Hot Forming Metals 21 Haiko Hebig

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Progressive Roll Forming

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