Hostel Stonehenge - Technical Document

AR3019 Integrating Technology: Building Fragment, Strategy & Integration 2

Building Fragment, Strategy & Integration

AR3019: Integrating Technology

Christopher Kellyk1000740


CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.....................................................4 - 9

STRUCTURE :: OVERALL STRATEGY............. .10 - 11

STRUCTURE :: PRIMARY STRUCTURE...........12 - 13

STRUCTURE :: SECONDARY STRUCTURE.....14 - 15

STRUCTURE :: LOAD BEARING ELEMENTS......... 16

STRUCTURE :: ROOF STRUCTURE........................17

SERVICES :: DISTRIBUTION..............................18 - 19

SERVICES :: HEATING.........................................20 -21

SERVICES :: LIGHTING......................................22 - 24

SERVICES :: VENTILATION...............................25 - 26

SERVICES :: WATER SUPPLY.................. ........ 27 - 28

SERVICES :: DRAINAGE....................................29 - 31

SERVICES :: RAINWATER COLLECTION.................32

SERVICES :: ELECTRICITY.......................................33


INTRODUCTION INTRO

DU

CTION

Hostel Proposal - Stonehenge, Wiltshire

The following document is a technical report of a proposal for a Hostel and associated buildings including a Community Hall, Cottage, Stables and Farrier Enclosure located in Stonehenge.Hostel Development

Main Road - A303

Stonehenge

Stonehenge

Hostel Site Plan showing contextScale: 1:5000


INTRO

DU

CTION

INTRODUCTION

Roof PlanScale 1:2500

The Site

The buildings are located 800m east of Stonehenge along an existing footpath/bridleway. The surrounding area is mostly grassland.

The main focus of this proposal is to form a close relationship between horses and humans and encourage exploration of the wider landscape.

1. Hostel2. Community Hall3. Stables4. Farrier Enclosure1.

2.

3.

4.


Inspiration

A precedent study for this proposal is a Victorian warehouse in Shropshire. The rough brick interior has a beautiful rawness about it. It seems to be weathered, almost as if the building has been turned inside out.

The rich timber roof is lightly sitting on the thick solid brick wall. Thin cast iron columns seem to be pinning the light roof structure down instead of holding it up. This abstract view is explored in this proposal.Victorian Warehouse - Shropshire

Christopher Kellyk1000740

Studio 3.2 - LandmarkIntegrating Technology Proposal Sheet

Location: Stonehenge, Wiltshire

Currently the Stonehenge visitor centre is being re-located and soon the main road which cuts abruptly through the World Heritage Site is being removed )RFXVLQJ�RQ�WKH�WKHPH�RI�¶/DQGPDUN·�P\�VWXGLR�LV�designing a landscape proposal that encourages visitor exploration to the areas surrounding Stone-henge which are often forgotten.

I designed a small enclosure for a Farrier to make horseshoes. It was made from drystone which also formed a forge internally. My amended spire design was used as a chimney for this forge. The design was very much focused on the expression of the base of the copper spire.

Design a Hostel for visitors to the Stonehenge World Heritage Site. This includes a main hostel building, a large hall, managers cottage, a building related to animals/agricultural equipment.

I would like to focus my design on the articulation of roofs. I would like the roof structure to be revealed where possible and made from timber, clad in large slate tiles.I am proposing a double leaf masonry load bearing wall structure. At the base it will be clad with a rough drystone wall which connects to the farrier enclosure and acts as a boundary wall.

Location

Studio Theme

First Semester

Thesis Project Brief

Proposal:

Desired roof structure - Warehouse in Shropshire Semester 1 Design, Elevation

Roof Atriculation Precident - Three Courtyeard Community Centre - AZL Architects - China

INTRO

DU

CTION

INTRODUCTION

Architectural Intention

Pitched roofs are a common site in Wiltshire. In this proposal I have explored the articulation of pitched roofs which give the sense of a small village or community. The roof structure is formed of Oak trusses which are revealed internally. The oak trusses sit onto brick walls which are also revealed internally. Thin cast iron columns support the span of the trusses.

Externally the building is clad with wide oak panels which give the building organic qualities which allow it to exist without disturbing the OBUVSBM�DPOUFYU��5IF�mYFE�XJOEPXT�TJU�CFUXFFO�IPSJ[POUBM�CBOET�PG�MPDBMMZ�TPVSDFE�nJOU�TUPOFT�TFU�JOUP�NPSUBS�

Copper is a dominating material used throughout the proposal. It is VTFE�BT�B�SPPG�DMBEEJOH�BT�JU�QSPWJEFT�BO�FDPOPNJDBM �MPOH�UFSN�SPPmOH�solution. Its low life cycle costs are attributable to the low maintenance, long life and salvage value of copper. Through its natural weathering QSPDFTT �UIF�XBSN�CSPO[F�DPMPVS�UVSOT�UP�BO�FMFHBOU�HSFFO�mOJTI��$PQQFS�JT�BMTP�VTFE�PO�UIF�EPPS�GVSOJUVSF�BOE�PUIFS�JOUFSOBM�mOJTIFT �this is due to its antiseptic qualities. As this proposal is based around the human relationship with horses, there does not want to be an issue with bacteria and germs.

The existing footpath/bridleway is lined by a dry clunch wall. Clunch stone is locally found in the Stonehenge area. This wall continues to form the boundary for the paddock and then continues again to form the farrier enclosure.


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StablesFarrier EnclosureHorse Paddock2 Person Bedroom4 Person Bedroom4 Person Bedroom4 Person Bedroom2 Person BedroomCommon RoomReceptionLibraryPlant Room + RiserDisabled ToiletFemale Toilet/WashroomMale Toilet/Washroom4 Person Bedroom4 Person Bedroom2 Person BedroomCommunity HallToiletsKitchenetteOpen Plan CottageSingle Bedroom6 Person Bedroom2 Person BedroomLibrary First FloorFemale ToiletMale ToiletDining/Viewing AreaStaff Kitchen/Catering AreaShared Kitchen

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.

INTRO

DU

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INTRODUCTION

Ground Floor 1:500 First Floor 1:500 Second Floor 1:500

N


INTRO

DU

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INTRODUCTION

North Facing Elevation 1:200

East Facing Elevation 1:200


INTRO

DU

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INTRODUCTION

Section A : 1:200

A


STRUCTURE :: OVERALL STRATEGYSTRU

CTURE :: O

VERALL STRATEGY

1

2

3

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8

9

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Oak Roof StructureBrick Wall Structure)PSJ[POUBM�BOE�7FSUJDBM�#BUUFOT�GPS�5JNCFS�1BOFMTCopper SheetingLarch Spire StructureDry Clunch WallOak Roof StructureCopper SheetingCast Iron ColumnFlints Set into MortarOak PanelsClunch Wall

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.


STRUCTURE :: OVERALL STRATEGYSTRU

CTURE :: O

VERALL STRATEGY

The cladding is made from vertical modules of 430mm timber boards (3 x 145mm). There is a 20mm spacing between each module.

5IF�TJ[F�UJNCFS�CPBSE�NPEVMFT�including the 20mm spacings are in sync with the bricks. This is necessary to have the windows, bricks and timber board aligning in the same way on every part of the building.

The modules are attached to the QSJNBSZ�TUSVDUVSF�XJUI�IPSJ[POUBM�BOE�vertical battens.

Plan showing the relationship between the sequence of brick and the sequence of timber

board modules. 1:20


STRUCTURE :: PRIMARY STRUCTURESTRU

CTURE :: PRIM

ARY STRUCTU

REBrick Walls

Throughout the proposal the primary structure is dominated by brick which is revealed internally. The brick is painted in limewash so the interiors feel bright and spacious. Limewash also has antiseptic qualities which is an advantage when people are likely to come into contact with animals.

The bricks are laid in English bond which boasts structural integrity.

Brick has a high thermal mass. Therefore it is a good material for maintaining a constant temperature internally. This will reduce the amount of money and time that needs to be spent regulating internal temperature.

First Floor Plan - Primary Structure 1:500 Second Floor Plan - Primary Structure 1:500Ground Floor Plan - Primary Structure 1:500

N


STRUCTURE :: PRIMARY STRUCTURE STRUCTU

RE :: PRIMARY STRU

CTURE

Roof Structure

The roof trusses are made from thick rough cut oak. These are supported by 140mm diameter cast iron DPMVNOT�ôô�

Community Hall and Hostel 1:200


STRUCTURE :: SECONDARY STRUCTURESTRU

CTURE :: SECO

ND

ARY STRUCTU

RE

Community Hall and Hostel 1:200

Roof Structure

The secondary roof structure consists of purlins and battens which will be revealed internally.

The roof structure is as follows:

Copper sheeting with standing seamsSeparating layer25 x 150 Timber boards25 x 50 Timber battens at 450 centres25 x 50 Counter-battens at 450 centres25 150 Timber BoardsWater/Wind proof layerRigid InsulationVapor Barrier100 x 50 Softwood Rafters at 450 centres150 x 75 PurlinsOak Principle Rafters


STRUCTURE :: SECONDARY STRUCTURESTRU

CTURE :: SECO

ND

ARY STRUCTU

RE

Floor Joists 5JNCFS�nPPS�KPJTUT�TVQQPSU�UIF�mSTU�nPPS�BOE�TFDPOE�nPPS��*O�OP�BSFBT�is it exposed. Services including electricity, heating, and the water supply can run through.

The beams generally span the shortest distance possible. However, in the main lobby area the nPPS�CFBNT�USBWFSTF�UP�BMMPX�GPS�UIF�triple height area.

A plasterboard suspended ceiling in between the beams hides the services.

Hostel Building 1:200

Ground Floor

First Floor

Second Floor


STRUCTURE :: LOAD BEARING ELEMENTSSTRU

CTURE :: LO

AD BEARIN

G ELEM

ENTS

THE BUILDING IS SITUATED IN A HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT

The hostel development is situated in the wide open landscape. This exposes it to a range of structural JTTVFT�BSJTJOH�GSPN�UIF�TJHOJmDBOU�wind forces exerted on it due to its exposed position.

The result of wind on the building will causes two reactions on the building walls: (a) compression on the side of the wind and (b) tension on the side away from the wind.

Ground force loads respond to the downward forces of the structure.

Stepped concrete footings provide the buildings with a sturdy base.

The wind generally comes from the south west.

Primary Structural Components

Secondary Structural Components

Live load: The added weight of possible occupants, furnishings and art work.

Dead load: the intrinsic weight of a structure or excluding the weight of occupants and furnishings.

Possible Live/Imposed Load




Dead load from structure

Dead load from structure

Wind/External Forces

Wind/External Forces

Responding Ground Forces

Responding Ground Forces

Community Hall - 1:100


STRUCTURE :: ROOF STRUCTURESTRU

CTURE :: RO

OF STRU

CTURE

Structural model of community hall roof structure


SERVICES :: DISTRIBUTIONSERVICES :: D

ISTRIBUTIO

N

Main Plant Room

Washrooms/Kitchens

All of the rooms requiring water and drainage are located logically above or next to each other. This means services (especially ones that rely on gravity) to not need to travel a long distance to get to their destination.

A riser in the plant room allows for discrete vertical distribution of services.

1. Farrier Enclosure2. Hostel3. Community Hall4. Cottage

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5

3

2

1

Ground Floor 1:500 First Floor 1:500 Second Floor 1:500

N


STRUCTURE :: DISTRIBUTIONSTRU

CTURE :: D

ISTRIBUTIO

NThis diagram shows the riser from the plant room of the main hostel building. The riser is located close to the bathrooms and kitchens.

Hostel 1:200

Ground Floor

First Floor

Second Floor


SERVICES :: HEATINGSERVICES :: H

EATING

5IF�)PTUFM�JT�IFBUFE�CZ�VOEFSnPPS�heating pipes. This method of IFBUJOH�JT�FOFSHZ�FGmDJFOU�GPS�B�building in constant use. It also saves a lot of space.

The community hall building is heated by electric heaters underneath the windows. This is because it will get used a lot less than the main hostel building, possibly once or twice a week. Electric heaters are low maintenance and have a quick heating time.

6OEFSnPPS�)FBUJOH�1JQFT��(SPVOE�'MPPS�)PTUFM��

6OEFSnPPS�IFBUJOH�CFJOH�QVU�EPXO�JO�UIF�5VSOFS�$POUFNQPSBSZ�(BMMFSZ�EFTJHOFE�CZ�%BWJE�$IJQQFSmFME

6OEFSnPPS�)FBUJOH�1JQFT�

Hostel Ground Floor 1:200

Community Hall Ground Floor 1:200

N


SERVICES :: HEATINGSERVICES :: H

EATING

Hostel First Floor 1:200Hostel Second Floor 1:200

N


SERVICES :: LIGHTINGSERVICES :: LIG

HTIN

G*OUFSOBM�BSUJmDJBM�MJHIUJOH�DPNFT�GSPN�hanging lights made from copper. The hanging lights give the effect of lowering the tall ceiling to make the spaces feel more intimate.

In some spaces like the kitchens or bathrooms, LED spot lights are used. These lights use very little energy, give off a lot of light and last a long time.

The south facing court takes advantage of natural sunlight throughout the say.



HTIN

G

Hanging Copper Lamps

LED Spot Lights

Example LED Spotlight

Hostel and Community Hall Ground Floor Plan 1:200

N



HTIN

G

Hanging Copper Lamps

LED Spot Lights

Hostel First Floor 1:200 Hostel Second Floor 1:200

N


SERVICES :: VENTILATIONSERVICES :: VEN

TILATION

All the windows in the proposal are mYFE��5IFSF�JT�B�OVNCFS�PG�SFBTPOT�GPS�UIJT��5IF�mSTU�CFJOH�B�TBGFUZ�reason. As the windows are almost nPPS�UP�DFJMJOH�IFJHIU �UIFSF�JT�B�SJTL�of people falling out. The second reason is to keep the liner rhythm to the facade.

To ventilate the spaces I will use a method developed Renson. This is a thermally broken window ventilator that is installed on top of a timber frame. It is very discrete and allows maximum light penetration because it does not compromise on glass TJ[F�

The natural ventilators can be operated by a remote switch.Ventilator

Example section through the ventilation system


SERVICES :: VENTILATIONSERVICES :: VEN

TILATION

All of the spaces are naturally ventilated using the Renson system. 5IF�BJS�nPX�JT�MJLFMZ�UP�CF�DPOTUBOU�because the building is looking over an open landscape with high southwesterly winds.

N

Ground Floor Plan 1:500 First Floor Plan 1:500 Second Floor Plan 1:500


SERVICES :: WATER SUPPLYSERVICES :: W

ATER SUPPLY

Hot and cold running water is used throughout the building to service the washrooms and the kitchen areas. The water is fed into the main hostel building from the mains supply. This is then fed directly to the taps and showers or through the boiler.

The water pipes run vertically up the riser.

The community hall and cottage have their own separate water supply system as those buildings IBWF�UIFJS�PXO�TQFDJmD�OFFET

Ground Floor 1:200

First Floor 1:200

Second Floor 1:200

Hot Water

Cold Water


SERVICES :: WATER SUPPLY SERVICES :: WATER SU

PPLY

Ground Floor Plan 1:100 Ground Floor Plan 1:100 Ground Floor Plan 1:100

Hot Water

Cold Water


SERVICES :: DRAINAGESERVICES :: D

RAINAG

EThe drainage waste is carried out the building in the shortest possible distance. The toilets and kitchens are arranged near or above each PUIFS�TP�BT�UP�SFEVDF�UIF�IPSJ[POUBM�length of the waste pipes.

Ground Floor 1:200

First Floor 1:200

Second Floor 1:200

Drainage Pipe



RAINAG

E

Ground Floor Plan 1:100 First Floor Plan 1:100 Second Floor Plan 1:100

Drainage Pipe



RAINAG

EThe gutters are formed from the same stainless steel module that IPMET�UIF�nJOU�TUPOFT�TFU�JOUP�NPSUBS��5IJT�JT�UIFO�DPWFSFE�XJUI�SPPmOH�GFMU�to waterproof it.

The drain pipes are hidden behind the timber façades. There is 110mm space in the envelope is some areas which will be used for the drain pipes. It is possible that custom wide drain pipes will be needed.

Stainless Steel Gutter/Flint Stone Bracket 1:20 Sketch Describing the drain pipe strategy/


SERVICES :: RAINWATER COLLECTIONSERVICES :: RAIN

WATER CO

LLECTION

Rainwater will be recycled and be VTFE�UP�nVTI�UIF�UPJMFUT��

Rainwater tanks are installed to make use of rain water for later use, reduce mains water use for economic or environmental reasons, BOE�BJE�TFMG�TVGmDJFODZ�

5IF�TJ[F�PG�B�SBJOXBUFS�UBOL�TIPVME�be based on water demand, BOOVBM�SBJOGBMM�BOE�UIF�TJ[F�PG�the catchment area (roof and/or paving). Current British Standards indicate that the tank should be large enough to contain: 5% of the non-potable water demand or 5% of the annual rainwater yield, whichever is the lesser.

The average annual rainfall in England is apx 850 mm/yr (1420 mm/yr in Wales, 1650 m/yr in Scotland and 1160 mm/yr in Northern Ireland).

The following calculation needs to CF�DPNQMFUFE�JO�PSEFS�UP�mOE�PVU�how bit the tank would need to be:

Effective collection area (roof) x ESBJOBHF�DPFGmDJFOU�CBTFE�PO�SPPG�BOHMF ��GPS�QJUDIFE�SPPGT�Y�mMUFS�FGmDJFODZ�UZQJDBMMZ��Y�BOOVBM�rainfall (apx 850mm) x 0.05 (5% guide)

When the rain is collected, it is distributed through the riser to all of the toilets. The advantage of having the tank on the roof is that it does not need a pump, it relies solely on gravity - therefore requires less maintenance.


SERVICES :: ELECTRICITYSERVICES :: ELECTRICITY

As I am proposing a public building, a disabled lift is mandatory. This SFRVJSFT�JUT�PXO�GV[F�CPY�DPOOFDUFE�directly to the mains through the meter.

There are four more main circuits which go through the distribution board. These are lighting, appliances, electric cookers and boiler.

All electrical wires will run through sleeves which create better access for maintenance and safety.

All of the buildings directly connected with the hostel and its activities are controlled by the same GV[F�CPY��5IF�DPUUBHF�IBT�B�UPUBMMZ�separate system because it has different needs.

Ground Floor Plan 1:500

First Floor Plan 1:200Second Floor Plan 1:200

Electrical Wires


Viewing Area Second Floor Hostel

Ground Floor Lobby Area - Hostel

Hostel Stonehenge - Technical Document

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