Hosted by Bill Lauzon, PE - WHEA reduced size.pdf · Hosted by Bill Lauzon, PE 1 . JANUARY, 2014...
Transcript of Hosted by Bill Lauzon, PE - WHEA reduced size.pdf · Hosted by Bill Lauzon, PE 1 . JANUARY, 2014...
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JANUARY, 2014 INTRODUCTION
TO THE LIFE SAFETY CODE
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06/12/14
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“Lunch & Learn” 2014 Webinar Series
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Audience:
“Lunch & Learn” 2014 Webinar Series
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“Lunch & Learn” 2014 Webinar Series
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“Lunch & Learn” 2014 Webinar Series
Audience:
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“Lunch & Learn” 2014 Webinar Series
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Have Questions?
During the Live Webinar: Click on “chat” in the Lower RH corner (Bill gets disappointed if people don’t ask questions)
During viewing the posted Webinar: Call Bill Lauzon (262-945-4567) or E-Mail at [email protected]
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JANUARY, 2014 INTRODUCTION
TO THE LIFE SAFETY CODE
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Lunch & Learn Webinar Jan 9 Agenda
1. AHJ’s 2. NFPA 3. Life Safety Code Overview 4. Chapter 1 – Administration 5. Chapter 2 – Referenced Codes 6. Chapter 3 - Definitions 7. Chapter 4 - General Rules 8. Chapter 5 – Performance Design 9. Chapter 6 – Hazard of Contents
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AHJ (Authorities Having Jurisdiction)
Who ARE They?
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To Understand Codes you must
Understand About
Authorities
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Anyone that establishes conditions that you are
• legally required to follow, or • agree to follow
is an
Authority
In other words, you’ve consciously agreed to follow their rules to get what they provide
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Typical Health Care Authorities
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Authorities Usually have complete ability to determine if
the conditions of the law/agreement are being followed
They are the Authorities Having Jurisdiction
(AHJ) “Almighty Health Judge”
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No AHJ Can OVER-RULE any other AHJ.
Each set of rules stand on their own.
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Locals can adopt more stringent rules, not less stringent
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You NEED to follow the MOST RESTRICTIVE of all of the rules
You can’t shop around for the most favorable ruling !
Example: “Is an exit sign needed in a particular location?”
“No” “Yes” “No” “No”
Final Answer: “Yes”
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BIG 5 AHJ’s (in Health Care)
1. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid (CMS) 2. The Joint Commission on Accreditation (TJC) 3. Dept of Health Services-Div of Quality Assurance (DQA) Wis Administrative Code 124/132 4. The Dept of Safety & Professional Services (DSPS) 5. Local Fire Departments
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Authorities Having Jurisdiction
(AHJ) 22
CMS DQA TJC
DSPS FD
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Big 3 AHJ’s How are they Related?
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CMS - DQA Relationships
Federal Funding
AHJ
Wis Licensing
AHJ Hire to do
CMS Inspections
Accreditation AHJ (Optional)
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The Biggest 3 AHJ’s have adopted NFPA 101
“THE LIFE SAFETY CODE” (2000 edition)
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They use it to evaluate if a facility is safe
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From licensure, accreditation
& federal reimbursement perspectives there is
One Uniform Building Survey Rule
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HOWEVER, From a construction perspective
there is
a Different Building Construction Code
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AND, From a fire prevention perspective each local
jurisdiction can choose a
a Different Fire prevention Code
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• Multiple AHJ’s • Use Different Codes • Don’t Need to Listen to Each Other
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CMS DQA TJC
FD
DSPS
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The 3 largest AHJ’s have adopted NFPA 101
“THE LIFE SAFETY CODE” (2000 edition)
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CMS DQA TJC
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First, CMS Adopts it …
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Adoption of the Life Safety Code (LSC)
Then … DQA & TJC Adopt it
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CMS Adoption Process (Congressionally mandated)
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Adoption of the Life Safety Code (LSC)
• Publish Intent to Adopt in Federal Register
• Hearings
• Public Comment Period
• Response to Public Comments • Congressional Action
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Official Info:
S&C Letters
(Standards & Certification)
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S&C Letters
(Standards & Certification)
Get Copies by: Googling
“DQA Construction”
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Get Copies by: Googling
“DQA Construction”
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DQA Web Page
(Scroll to Bottom)
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(At Bottom of Page-Click on #7)
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Info Memos (Fed & State) 38
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Click to Get 39
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S&C Letters
(Standards & Certification)
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AHJ’s Life Safety Code
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) • Nonprofit • Established in 1896 • Purpose: Reduce hazards on the quality of life • Consensus codes & standards (Over 300) • Research, Training & Education • NFPA Membership: Over > 70,000 individuals
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
Safety codes and standards available online for Members
FREE
Anyone Can Join
Members Vote on Code Revisions
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
CONSENSUS CODES
Members of NFPA make Proposals & Vote
to revise codes
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Proposal Forms are available at the back of Code Books
With Instructions
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
CONSENSUS CODES
• HealthCare • Fire Protection • Flammable Liquids • Fire Doors • (TC for just about any topic )
Hundreds of Technical Committees of members study proposals
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
CONSENSUS CODES
Members vote at the annual national meeting on recommended code revisions
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Annual National NFPA Conference
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
1- Fire Prevention 10- Fire Extinguishers 13-Sprinkler Sys 15-Standpipes & Hoses 25-Maintenance of Water Sys 30-Flammable Liquids code 37-Stationary Combustion Engines 45-Laboratories Using Chemicals
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NFPA CODES FREQUENTLY USED IN HEALTH CARE
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
NFPA CODES FREQUENTLY USED IN HEALTH CARE
50-Bulk Oxygen Systems 54-National Fuel Gas Code 70-National Electrical Code 72-National Fire Alarm Code 80-Fire Doors 82-Waste & Linen Handling Systems 90A-HVAC Standard 92-Smoke Control Systems
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
NFPA CODES FREQUENTLY USED IN HEALTH CARE
96-Commercial Cooking Operations 99-Health Care Facilities Code 101-Life Safety Code 101A-Altenative Approaches to LS 105-Smoke Door Assemblies 110-Emergency Generators 241-Construction Safeguards
(and many more) 51
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The Best Known
NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED
CODES
Electrical Fire Sprinkler Prevention Life Alarm Safety
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NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)
Codes are typically
updated every 3 years
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Codes are typically
updated every 3 years
For Example, Editions of LSC
1967 – 1970 – 1973 – 1976- 1979 - 1982 1985 – 1988 – 1991 – 1994- 1997 - 2000
2003 – 2006 – 2009 – 2012 – 2015 (under way)
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Codes are typically
updated every 3 years
For Example, Editions of LSC
1967 – 1970 – 1973 – 1976- 1979 - 1982 1985 – 1988 – 1991 – 1994- 1997 - 2000
2003 – 2006 – 2009 – 2012 – 2015 (under way)
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1967 ….. Adopted by CMS in 1971 1970 ….. Not adopted 1973 ….. Not adopted 1976 ….. Not adopted 1979 ….. Not adopted 1982 ….. Not adopted 1985 ….. Adopted by CMS in 1988 1988 ….. Not adopted 1991 ….. Not adopted 1994 ….. Not adopted 1996 ….. Not adopted 2000 ….. Adopted by CMS in 2003
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Adoption of the Life Safety Code (LSC)
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Life Safety Code
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Page 1
Origin & Development of
NFPA 101
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LSC developed slowly over the years in response to many deaths from fires
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1929 – Cleveland Clinic (125 deaths) 60
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1942 – Cocoanut Grove (492 deaths)
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Most Nightclub Deaths 62
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1957 – Warrenton Nsg Home (71 deaths) 63
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1977 – Station Nightclub (100 deaths) 64
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2003 – Hartford Nursing Home 65
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2004 – Nashville Nursing Home 66
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1912 ….. Exit Drills pamphlet 1927 ….. Building Exits Code 1967 ….. Code for Safety to Life
67
Evolution of the Life Safety Code (LSC)
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CHANGING DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
68
Evolution of the LSC
1. Compartmentation (Passive Protection) ’67 – ’70 - ‘73
2. Detection & Notification (Active Protection)
’76 – ’81 - ‘85
3. Extinguishment (Active Protection) ’91 & later
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NO ONE has died in over 100 years
in a FULLY sprinkled
(and fully maintained)
building
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Applicable to: (if receiving Fed $) Hospitals Nursing Homes Hospices Ambulatory Surgery Clinics Dialysis Clinics Medical Clinics
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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ORGANIZATION OF THE LSC
• Introductory Chapters 1-6
• Core Chapters 7-11 • Occupancy Chapters 12-42 • Annex
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• Introductory Chapters 1-6
• Core Chapters 7-11 • Occupancy Chapters 12-42 • Annex
72
2014 Lunch & Learn
Jan
Feb
Mar,May,Jul
Jan
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ANNEX 1. Contains Explanatory Information 2. Non-binding – not part of the code
73
Located at the END of the Code
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You DON’T need to memorize the
Codes …
You just need to know where to look
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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• Occupancy Chapters Assembly……………..Chapters 12/13 Health Care ……..… Chapters 18/19 Ambulatory Care….Chapters 20/21 Residential B & C….Chapters 32/33 Business……………….Chapters 38/39 Storage…………………Chapter 42
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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• Occupancy Chapters Assembly……………..Chapters 12/13 Health Care ……..… Chapters 18/19 Ambulatory Care….Chapters 20/21 Residential B & C….Chapters 32/33 Business……………….Chapters 38/39 Storage…………………Chapter 42
1. Explains WHEN requirements are needed
2. NEW verses EXISTING
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• NEW (even # chapters) = constructed/remodeled after Mar 2003
77
• EXISTING (even # chapters) = constructed/remodeled
before Mar 2003
The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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• Occupancy Chapters Assembly……………..Chapters 12/13 Health Care ……..… Chapters 18/19 Ambulatory Care….Chapters 20/21 Residential B & C….Chapters 32/33 Business……………….Chapters 38/39 Storage…………………Chapter 42
• Core Chapters Means of Egress…...Chapter 7 Construction………..Chapter 8 Bldg Svc Equip………Chapter 9 Finishes/Contents….Chapter 10
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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• Core Chapters Means of Egress…...Chapter 7 Construction………..Chapter 8 Bldg Svc Equip………Chapter 9 Finishes/Contents….Chapter 10
Explains HOW to comply
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The 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code
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• Occupancy Chapters Assembly……………..Chapters 12/13 Health Care ……..… Chapters 18/19 Ambulatory Care….Chapters 20/21 Residential B & C….Chapters 32/33 Business……………….Chapters 38/39 Storage…………………Chapter 42
• Core Chapters Means of Egress…...Chapter 7 Construction………..Chapter 8 Bldg Svc Equip………Chapter 9 Finishes/Contents.…Chapter 10
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LSC CONVENTIONS
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Vertical Line = Revisions from Prior Code
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Vertical Line = Revisions from Prior
Code
LSC Convention #1
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= Explanation in Annex
LSC Convention #2
*
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* = Info in Annex
LSC Convention #2
84
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LSC Convention #3 Numbering
Chapter
Paragraph
85
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LSC Convention #3
Paragraph Numbering
Assembly……………..Chapters 12/13 Health Care ……..… Chapters 18/19 Ambulatory Care….Chapters 20/21 Residential B & C….Chapters 32/33 Business………………Chapters 38/39 Storage…………………Chapter 42
86
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MANDITORY
PAGE FLIPPING
LSC Convention #4
87
Tabs make it easier to find
chapters
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Assigned a Number to Key Elements in the LSC (for ease of citation reference)
“K TAG”
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“K TAG”
Published in Form 2786
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K11
Code # References
Summary of Requirements
Used as “Regulatory Reference” in federal Statement of Deficiencies (SOD)
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K40 Built Prior to Adoption
Built After Adoption
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Full Set Available at CMS.gov
Search: “Form 2786”
R = Hospital & Nursing Home U = Dialysis & Ambulatory Surgery Center
V,W = Intermediate Care Facility for Disabled
T,S = Fire Safety Evaluation System (FSES)
2786_ (Suffix)
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The Life Safety Code
Let’s OPEN it Up
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(Front of LSC)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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97
ALWAYS make sure you are using the correct “adopted” edition
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(Back of LSC)
INDEX
98
Also giving page # would make the Index easier to use
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 1 ADMINISTRATION
(1 PAGE)
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Recommended Code Evaluation
Procedures
1. Occupancy Class? 2. New/Existing? 3. Occupant Load? 4. Content Hazard? 5-9. Apply Occupancy Requirements
Explanation in
Annex *
100
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101
EQUIVALENCES
Or
Alternatives
Example Alternative: FSES
Fire Safety Evaluation System
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FSES Fire Safety Evaluation System
“use as a last resort”
Only Valid until: 1. Next inspection 2. Any change of staffing 3. Any change of patient beds 4. Any remodeling 5. Any deficiency 6. Any AHJ who refuses to honor
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AHJ
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 2 MANDATORY REFERENCED
CODES
(2 PAGES)
104
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105
The Life Safety Code Is a
PRIMARY CODE
It references other Codes & Standards
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CHAPTER 2 MANDATORY REFERENCED CODES
1- NOTE THE SPECIFIC EDITION
106
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ONLY the 1999 Edition of NFPA 99 has been adopted by
CMS, DQA, The Joint Commission
107
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 2 MANDATORY REFERENCED
CODES
LIST OF CODE EDITIONS ONLY BUY
THESE
108
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Common Construction Standards:
NFPA 220 – Construction Types (1999 edition) NFPA 221 – Fire Walls/Barriers (1999 edition) NFPA 241 – Construction Safety (1996 edition)
NFPA 80 – Fire Doors (1999 edition) NFPA 82 – Chutes (1999 edition) NFPA 10 – Extinguishers (1998 ed)
109
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NFPA 13–Sprinkler Installation (1999 edition) NFPA 25–Sprinkler Maintenance (1998 edition) NFPA 72–National Fire Alarm (1999 edition)
NFPA 96– Kitchen Exhaust(1998 edition)
NFPA 70–National Electrical Code (1999 edition)
NFPA 99 – Health Care Standard (1999 edition)
NFPA 92– Smoke Control (1999 edition)
NFPA 90A–Ventilation (1999 edition)
Common Utility Standards:
NFPA 110–Generators (1999 edition)
110
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Best to Have These
111
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112
The LSC points to STANDARDS that describe HOW to install/maintain systems
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CHAPTER 2 MANDATORY REFERENCED CODES
1- NOTE THE SPECIFIC EDITION 2- APPLIES ONLY TO PARAGRAPHS LISTED
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EXAMPLE: NFPA 99 is mandatory in existing health care in 3 situations:
19.3.2.2 = Laboratories with haz amounts of chemical 19.3.2.3 = Anesthetizing locations 19.3.2.4 = Medical gas storage
MANDATORY ONLY FOR PARAGRAPHS LISTED
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CHAPTER 2 AHJ has the power to accept existing installations
“Grand-Fathering” 115
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You DON’T need to memorize the
Codes …
You just need to know where to look
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 3 DEFINITIONS
(8 PAGES)
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CHAPTER 3 DEFINITIONS
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If not defined in chapter 3, use the dictionary:
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EXAMPLE DEFINITIONS:
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EXAMPLE DEFINITIONS:
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EXAMPLE DEFINITIONS:
NEW = After Mar, 2003 EXISTING = Before Mar, 2003
CMS officially adopted 2000 LSC on March 11, 2003
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 4 GENERAL
(3 PAGES)
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 4 GENERAL
Page 2
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 4 GENERAL
Page 3
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Protect People that are • AWAY from the fire • NEAR the fire
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Follow “Occupancy” requirements OVER “Core” requirements
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The 10 Fundamental LS Requirements 1. Multiple Safeguards 2. Appropriateness of Safeguards 3. Number of Means of Egress 4. Unobstructed Egress 5. Awareness of Egress System 6. Lighting 7. Occupant Notification 8. Vertical Openings 9. System Design/Installation 10.Maintenance
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10 Fundamentals
1. Multiple Safeguards
Exits + Enclosure + Sprinkling
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10 Fundamentals
2-Appropriateness of Safeguards
This EXIT sign may not be appropriate in the USA
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10 Fundamentals
3-Number of Means of Egress
Multiple Remote Exits
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10 Fundamentals
4- Unobstructed Egress
Don’t Block/Lock Exits
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10 Fundamentals 5 -Awareness of Egress System
Staff Trained & Drilled on Smoke Compartment + Building Exiting
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10 Fundamentals 6- Lighting
Min 1 foot candle
Internal & External Pathways on Emergency Power
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10 Fundamentals
7 - Occupant Notification
Automatic Alarms
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10 Fundamentals 8- Vertical Openings
Enclosed & Rated Shafts
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10 Fundamentals 9 -System Design/Installation
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10 Fundamentals 10 - Maintenance
Mandatory Inspections
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Typically used when an inspector doesn’t know
what/if a code that applies
“General Duty Clause”
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RENOVATION
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141 141
CONSTRUCTION
AHJ
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CONSTRUCTION
Construction Sites must have Exit Paths
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MAINTENANCE
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MAINTENANCE
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TESTING
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FIRE DRILLS
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 5 PERFORMANCE
DESIGN
Performance Based Alternative
to the Prescriptive Code
Rarely used… a) Can’t control human behavior; b) Unsure who evaluates & how; c) Liability issues open to litigation; d) Mostly professional opinion-based
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 6 OCCUPANCY &
HAZARDS
(2 PAGES)
Will cover Occupancy
in next Lunch & Learn
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The Life Safety Code
CHAPTER 6 OCCUPANCY &
HAZARDS
(2 PAGES)
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HAZARDS
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HAZARD OF CONTENTS
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NOT used for Sprinkler Coverage (NFPA 13) NOT used for Hazardous Area Classification
Low Ordinary High Hold doors open (7.2.1.8.2) X X Special Constr (7.11) X Mini-Atriums (8.2.5.5) X Atriums (8.2.5.5) X Mercantile Rms (37.3.2.2) X Business Rms (38/39.3.2.2) X
HAZARD OF CONTENTS Used in other parts of the LSC for:
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Lunch & Learn Webinar Jan 9 Agenda
1. AHJ’s 2. NFPA 3. Life Safety Code Overview 4. Chapter 1 – Administration 5. Chapter 2 – Referenced Codes 6. Chapter 3 - Definitions 7. Chapter 4 - General Rules 8. Chapter 5 – Performance Design 9. Chapter 6 – Hazard of Contents
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Have Questions?
During the Live Webinar: Click on “chat” in the Lower RH corner
During viewing the posted Webinar: Call Bill Lauzon (262-945-4567) or E-Mail at [email protected]
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You DON’T need to memorize the
Codes …
You just need to know where to look
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JANUARY, 2014 INTRODUCTION
TO THE LIFE SAFETY CODE
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