HONORS AMERICAN HISTORY

MR. TAYLOR

CHAPTER 6The Duel for North America

The Duel for North America

The Contest over North America involved Spain, France and Britain.

1688-1763- 4 European Wars were fought King Williams War 1689-

1697 Queen Anne’s War- 1702-

1713 King George’s War- 1744-

1748 French and Indian War-

1754-1763 Set the stage for American

Independence

France Finds a Foothold

King Louis XIV- (1643-1715)- Developed a deep interest in overseas colonies

1608- French settlements in Quebec- Samuel de Champlain

Champlain- The Hurons and the Iroquois- Iroquois became anti-French- Pg. 98

Became a royal colony of France Virtually no self-government Autocratic government Protestants were not allowed to

travel to the colonies.

New France Fans OutFur Trading and the BeaverCoureuvs de Bois- (runners of the woods)

Recruited indians to help Great lakes, Platte, Arkansas, and Missouri Drove the beaver close to extection Effects on the American Indian- Pg 99

French Catholic missionaries Cadillac- Detroit De la Salle- Mississippi Block Spanish and British expansion

The Clash of Empires

Contests among the European Powers for control of North America:King Williams War and Queen Anne’s War

War of Jenkins’s Ear and King George’s War

Who Fought Whom

YearsLocation of Most

BattlesMajor Conflicts

and type of fighting

VictorsTreaty Terms

George Washington and the French and Indian War

In the 1750’s the Ohio Valley became an area of contention between the French and the British. Both countries felt it was a critical area of control for future settlements.

Page 103-104

Global War and Colonial Disunity

French and Indian War became an International War. Europe West Indies Philippines Africa Oceans

1754-Intercolonial Congress to deal with the war- Albany NY 7 of 13 colonies Bolster Defense Page 106

FRANKLIN’S OBSERVATION

“All of the people agreed upon union, but their weak noodles were perfectly distracted when they attempted to agree on details”.

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

General Braddock was sent to Virginia with a strong detachment of British troops to deal with the French problem 1755- Set out to capture

Fort Dequene Militia- “buckskins”-

Colonial soldiers who used “Guerrilla Tactics

Outcome of Washington and Braddock

1756- British attack on Canada

William pittTHE Great commoner

Revamped British strategy- away from the French West Indies to concentrate on the Quebec/Montreal areas.

Appointed young and energetic leaders 1758- Louisbourg- Br.

Victory 1759-Battle of Quebec-

James Wolfe 1763- Treaty of Paris

1763- TREATY OF PARIS

French power swept from North America Allowed to retain several small valuable islands

in the West Indies French ceded all trans-Mississippi La., plus N.O.

to Spain Spain turned Florida over to Britain for Cuba

Britain emerged as the dominant power in N.A. and the leading naval power of the world.

See page 119

RESTLESS COLONISTS

Colonists emerged with increased confidence in their military strength. Gained valuable

military experience 20,000 colonists

were under arms Shattered the myth

of British invincibility

Friction developed between British officers and colonial troops No commission higher

than captain given to Colonists- Washington

Considered colonial soldiers “scum”, living in the “outhouse of civilization”.

British upset about colonial smuggling

Many colonists refused to support the war-Money, Volunteer but demanded rights of Englishman.

Inter-colonial disunity Examples of unity Pages 107-108

WARS FATEFUL AFTERMATH

REMOVAL OF THE FRENCH THREAT TO THE COLONISTS.

SPANISH AND INDIAN MENACE WAS LESS Spanish out of Florida Spanish control of New Orleans was less of a

threat than the French Harsh blow to Indians- Could not play off of

European rivalry.PONTIAC’S REBELLION- 1763

American colonists were ready to move west PROCLAMATIN LINE OF 1763- Page 121