Homework for unitHomework for unit

1.1. Read Read Chapters 10 & 11 begins pg. Chapters 10 & 11 begins pg. 261261

2.2. Page 268 Interpreting mapsPage 268 Interpreting maps

3.3. Page 269 Interpreting time linesPage 269 Interpreting time lines

4.4. Page 270 Interpreting mapsPage 270 Interpreting maps

5.5. Page 274 Primary Sources 1,2,3Page 274 Primary Sources 1,2,3

6.6. Page 273 Section Assessment 1 Page 273 Section Assessment 1 thru 4thru 4

7.7. Page 278 Section Assessment 1,2Page 278 Section Assessment 1,2

8.8. Page 308 Interpreting ChartsPage 308 Interpreting Charts

What do you already What do you already know about Congress?know about Congress?Brainstorm---not a Brainstorm---not a drizzledrizzle

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The United States The United States CongressCongress

All legislative powers All legislative powers herein granted shall be herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of vested in a Congress of the United States which the United States which shall consist of a Senate shall consist of a Senate and a House of and a House of Representatives.Representatives.

Congress is bicameralCongress is bicameral (two houses) (two houses) Two houses---House of Two houses---House of

Representatives and the United Representatives and the United States Senate.States Senate.

Bicameralism resulted because of Bicameralism resulted because of the influence of the British the influence of the British Parliament and the Great Parliament and the Great Compromise.Compromise.

When does Congress When does Congress meet?meet? A term of Congress last two yearsA term of Congress last two years

The first term began March 4, 1789The first term began March 4, 1789 2020thth Amendment 1933 changed time to Amendment 1933 changed time to

noon Jan. 3 on odd numbered years.noon Jan. 3 on odd numbered years. The current Congress is the 109The current Congress is the 109thth and they and they

began their term on Jan. 3, 2005began their term on Jan. 3, 2005 A session is a one year period with a term.A session is a one year period with a term. Today Congress meets almost year round.Today Congress meets almost year round. President may call a special session (26 President may call a special session (26

times but has not been needed since 1948)times but has not been needed since 1948)

House of House of RepresentativesRepresentatives Representation to the House is based Representation to the House is based

on population. The greater the on population. The greater the population of a state the more population of a state the more representatives the state is entitled. representatives the state is entitled. Each state guaranteed at least oneEach state guaranteed at least one

California 53 Wyoming 1 D.C. 0California 53 Wyoming 1 D.C. 0 In 1789 there were 65 representatives In 1789 there were 65 representatives

in the House. In 1792 there was 106. in the House. In 1792 there was 106. In 1910 there were 435.In 1910 there were 435.

Reapportionment Act of 1929 set the Reapportionment Act of 1929 set the size of the House at 435.size of the House at 435.

Qualifications for the Qualifications for the HouseHouse 25 years old25 years old

Citizen 7 yearsCitizen 7 years Inhabitant of the stateInhabitant of the state

Representatives serve a two year term of Representatives serve a two year term of office.office.

Current political makeup of House of Current political makeup of House of Representatives---232 republicansRepresentatives---232 republicans

202 democrats and 1 independent.202 democrats and 1 independent.

There a record number of Women (68), There a record number of Women (68), African Americans (42), and African Americans (42), and Hispanics(26).Hispanics(26).

QUIZ TIMEQUIZ TIME Congress has two houses this is called----.Congress has two houses this is called----. How long is a term of Congress?How long is a term of Congress? Which Amendment changed when a term began?Which Amendment changed when a term began? What do you call a one year period in Congress?What do you call a one year period in Congress? Who may call a special session of Congress?Who may call a special session of Congress? How many representatives does California have? How many representatives does California have?

Wyoming? Virginia? D.C.?Wyoming? Virginia? D.C.? Representation in the House is based on----Representation in the House is based on---- What is the current size of the House? Has it What is the current size of the House? Has it

always been that size?always been that size? What are the three qualifications for a member What are the three qualifications for a member

of the House?of the House? How many republicans are there in the House How many republicans are there in the House

today? Democrats? Independents?today? Democrats? Independents?

When are When are Congressional Congressional Elections held?Elections held?

First Tuesday following the first First Tuesday following the first Monday in November of each even Monday in November of each even numbered year.numbered year.

All 435 seats are up for election at the All 435 seats are up for election at the same time. (house could have great same time. (house could have great change)change)

Congressional elections held when Congressional elections held when there is not a Presidential election is there is not a Presidential election is called an “off year election”—turnout called an “off year election”—turnout is usually lower.is usually lower.

ReapportionmentReapportionment A census is taken every 10 years.A census is taken every 10 years. The results of that census determines how The results of that census determines how

many representatives each state gets to many representatives each state gets to the U.S. House of Representatives.the U.S. House of Representatives.

Some states will get more representatives, Some states will get more representatives, some states will get less, some will remain some states will get less, some will remain the same---total number remains 435.the same---total number remains 435.

Once the number is determined the Once the number is determined the State State LegislatureLegislature of each state is responsible of each state is responsible for drawing Congressional Districts. for drawing Congressional Districts. Example: Virginia is entitled to 11 Example: Virginia is entitled to 11 therefore Va. is divided into 11 districts, therefore Va. is divided into 11 districts, California 53California 53

Congressional DistrictsCongressional Districts Virginia is divided by the Virginia Virginia is divided by the Virginia

General Assembly into Congressional General Assembly into Congressional districts. districts.

Each district is given a number (1 thru Each district is given a number (1 thru 11)11)

There is one representative elected per There is one representative elected per district.district.

You live in the 6You live in the 6thth District and Bob District and Bob Goodlatte (r) is your representative.Goodlatte (r) is your representative.

Rules for Drawing Rules for Drawing Congressional DistrictsCongressional Districts

1. They must be made up of 1. They must be made up of contiguouscontiguous

territory. (all one piece)territory. (all one piece)

2. They must be as close to equal 2. They must be as close to equal in population as possible.in population as possible.

3. They must be compact.3. They must be compact.

GerrymanderingGerrymandering Congressional districts drawn to the advantage Congressional districts drawn to the advantage

of the political party that controls the state of the political party that controls the state legislature.legislature.

1. concentrate opposition voters into 1. concentrate opposition voters into a few districts.a few districts. 2. spread opposition voters thinly 2. spread opposition voters thinly among several districts.among several districts.Example: TexasExample: Texas The main goal is to create “safe districts”.The main goal is to create “safe districts”.Standard practice by both political parties.Standard practice by both political parties.Today approximately 70% of nations 435 Today approximately 70% of nations 435

districts are districts are ““safe districts” the result is that 90% of safe districts” the result is that 90% of

Representatives are re-elected.Representatives are re-elected.

Wesberry v. SandersWesberry v. Sanders 19641964 Supreme Court ruled that population Supreme Court ruled that population

differences among Georgia’s differences among Georgia’s congressional districts were so great congressional districts were so great as to violate the Constitution.as to violate the Constitution.

Through this case the Supreme CourtThrough this case the Supreme Court

came up with the “One person, one came up with the “One person, one

vote” doctrine. vote” doctrine.

Can a state purposefully Can a state purposefully create a district with an create a district with an African American African American majority?majority? NoNo However, race can be taken into However, race can be taken into

consideration when districts are consideration when districts are drawn.drawn.

QUIZ TIMEQUIZ TIME1.1. When are Congressional elections held?When are Congressional elections held?2.2. How many of the 435 seats in the House come up for How many of the 435 seats in the House come up for

election at the same time.election at the same time.3.3. What do you call a Congressional election held when What do you call a Congressional election held when

there is no Presidential election.there is no Presidential election.4.4. How often is the census taken?How often is the census taken?5.5. Who has the responsibility of drawing Congressional Who has the responsibility of drawing Congressional

Districts within a state?Districts within a state?6.6. Which Congressional District do you live in?Which Congressional District do you live in?7.7. Who is your representative? What party?Who is your representative? What party?8.8. What do you call Congressional districts drawn to the What do you call Congressional districts drawn to the

advantage of the political party that controls the advantage of the political party that controls the state legislature?state legislature?

9.9. What is safe district?What is safe district?10.10. What is the importance of What is the importance of Wesberry v. SandersWesberry v. Sanders

1964196411.11. Can a state purposefully create a district with an Can a state purposefully create a district with an

African American majority?African American majority?

Leaders in the House of Leaders in the House of RepresentativesRepresentatives

The House is organized by political party. The House is organized by political party. They even sit by political party with the They even sit by political party with the republicans sitting on the right and the republicans sitting on the right and the democrats on the left.democrats on the left.

Currently the Republicans are the Currently the Republicans are the majority party (232-202-1) so they get to majority party (232-202-1) so they get to pick the Speaker---Dennis Hastert.pick the Speaker---Dennis Hastert.

The Majority party leader is Tom Delay.The Majority party leader is Tom Delay. The Minority party leader is Nancy Pelosi.The Minority party leader is Nancy Pelosi. Both the Majority Party and the Minority Both the Majority Party and the Minority

party leader have assistants known as party leader have assistants known as “whips”.“whips”.

The United States The United States SenateSenate

Originally Senators were chosen by Originally Senators were chosen by each individual state legislatureeach individual state legislature

The 17The 17thth Amendment in 1913 gave Amendment in 1913 gave the citizens of each state the right to the citizens of each state the right to elect United States Senators.elect United States Senators.

Each state has two United States Each state has two United States Senators. (50 states =100 Senators)Senators. (50 states =100 Senators)

The first Unites States Senate in 1789 The first Unites States Senate in 1789 had 22 members.had 22 members.

Term of Office for the Term of Office for the SenateSenate

Each Senator is elected to a term of 6 Each Senator is elected to a term of 6 years.years.

However, Every two years 33 or 34 However, Every two years 33 or 34 Senators are up for election on the first Senators are up for election on the first Tuesday following the first Monday in Tuesday following the first Monday in November on even numbered years.November on even numbered years.

Unless there has been a death, or Unless there has been a death, or resignation no state elects both their resignation no state elects both their Senators on the same year.Senators on the same year.

This past election, Nov. 6 2004 Virginia This past election, Nov. 6 2004 Virginia did not have a Senator up for election.did not have a Senator up for election.

Limits on SenatorsLimits on Senators There are no limits on how many terms a There are no limits on how many terms a

Senator or Representative can serve. Senator or Representative can serve. They can serve for as long as they can They can serve for as long as they can

win elections.win elections. Strom Thurmond was elected to the Strom Thurmond was elected to the

United States Senate 9 times (record).United States Senate 9 times (record). Unlike the House the Senate is said to be Unlike the House the Senate is said to be

a “continuous body” because not all of its a “continuous body” because not all of its members are up for election at the same members are up for election at the same time.time.

Pay for CongresspersonsPay for Congresspersons Members of Congress determine their own Members of Congress determine their own

pay.pay. However, the 27 Amendment to the However, the 27 Amendment to the

Constitution says that they may not receive Constitution says that they may not receive that raise until they come up for an election that raise until they come up for an election cycle.cycle.

From 1789-1815 it was $6.00 per day.From 1789-1815 it was $6.00 per day. From 1935-1947 it was $10,000 a year.From 1935-1947 it was $10,000 a year. Today it is $158,100 per year for both Today it is $158,100 per year for both

Senators and Representatives.Senators and Representatives. Majority and Minority Leaders in both houses Majority and Minority Leaders in both houses

get $175,700 per year. The Speaker of the get $175,700 per year. The Speaker of the House gets $203,000 per year.House gets $203,000 per year.

Qualifications for the Qualifications for the SenateSenate

30 years old30 years old 9 years a citizen9 years a citizen Inhabitant of the State the Inhabitant of the State the

represent.represent.

(Hillary)(Hillary)

Virginias Senators are John Warner ®Virginias Senators are John Warner ®

and George Allen ®and George Allen ®

Today’s Senate Today’s Senate leadershipleadership

President of the Senate---the Vice President of the Senate---the Vice President Dick Cheney—may only vote President Dick Cheney—may only vote if there is a tie.if there is a tie.

Majority Leader—Senator Bill Frist Majority Leader—Senator Bill Frist (republican from Tennessee)(republican from Tennessee)

Minority Leader---Senator Harry Reid Minority Leader---Senator Harry Reid (democrat from Nevada)(democrat from Nevada)

President Pro Tempore of the Senate-President Pro Tempore of the Senate-84 year old Republican from Alaska 84 year old Republican from Alaska Ted Stevens. (He has been a Senator Ted Stevens. (He has been a Senator for 36 years.for 36 years.

Special powers of the Special powers of the SenateSenate

Trial of President on impeachment Trial of President on impeachment charges the Chief Justice of the United charges the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court presides over States Supreme Court presides over the Senate during this trial.the Senate during this trial.

Approve Presidential appointmentsApprove Presidential appointments Approve Treaties (2/3 vote)Approve Treaties (2/3 vote) Filibuster ---60 votes to stop filibusterFilibuster ---60 votes to stop filibuster

record for longest filibuster held by record for longest filibuster held by Strom Thurmond ( a little over 24 Strom Thurmond ( a little over 24 hours)hours)

Non legislative powers of Non legislative powers of CongressCongress

1.1. Amendments to the Constitution (2/3 vote in Amendments to the Constitution (2/3 vote in both houses)both houses)

2.2. Election duties---12 Amendment Presidential Election duties---12 Amendment Presidential election decided in House if no one gets election decided in House if no one gets required electoral votes. (V.P. decided in required electoral votes. (V.P. decided in Senate)Senate)

3.3. Impeachment—judges and PresidentImpeachment—judges and President4.4. Approve Presidential Appointments and Approve Presidential Appointments and

Treaties (Senate only)Treaties (Senate only)5.5. Investigatory Power—Form committees to Investigatory Power—Form committees to

investigate government operations, investigate government operations, particular financial and social problems---particular financial and social problems---Committees investigated 9/11, steroid use in Committees investigated 9/11, steroid use in baseball, and Kennedy Assassination.baseball, and Kennedy Assassination.

Mc Culloch v. Maryland Mc Culloch v. Maryland 18161816 Congress creates Second National Bank Congress creates Second National Bank

of the United States.of the United States. Maryland taxes the bank.Maryland taxes the bank. Many question if Congress can create a Many question if Congress can create a

bank—(not an expressed power)bank—(not an expressed power) Supreme Court says that Congress may Supreme Court says that Congress may

create the bank because it is an implied create the bank because it is an implied power (implied by 4 expressed powers power (implied by 4 expressed powers of taxing, borrowing money, coining of taxing, borrowing money, coining money, and regulating commerce.)money, and regulating commerce.)

Court also ruled that states may not tax Court also ruled that states may not tax the federal government.the federal government.

Quiz TimeQuiz Time1.1. How many republicans in the House? How many republicans in the House?

Democrats? Democrats? 2.2. Who is the majority party leader?Who is the majority party leader?3.3. Who is the minority party leader?Who is the minority party leader?4.4. Who is the Speaker of the House?Who is the Speaker of the House?5.5. What do you call an assistant to the majority What do you call an assistant to the majority

or minority leader?or minority leader?6.6. How were Senators originally elected? What How were Senators originally elected? What

Amendment changed this?Amendment changed this?7.7. How many United States Senators?How many United States Senators?8.8. What is the term of office for a Senator?What is the term of office for a Senator?9.9. How many Senators come up for election How many Senators come up for election

every two years?every two years?10.10. How many terms may a Senator or How many terms may a Senator or

Representative be elected ? Representative be elected ?

Quiz continuedQuiz continued11. How many times was Strom Thurmond 11. How many times was Strom Thurmond

elected as Senator for South Carolina?elected as Senator for South Carolina?

12. What are the qualifications for a U.S. 12. What are the qualifications for a U.S. Senator?Senator?

13. What type of vote is necessary for the 13. What type of vote is necessary for the Senate to approve a treaty?Senate to approve a treaty?

14. What is a filibuster? How is it stopped?14. What is a filibuster? How is it stopped?

15. Who presides over the Senate during a 15. Who presides over the Senate during a trial on impeachment charges?trial on impeachment charges?

Quiz continuedQuiz continued16. Which Supreme Court case established 16. Which Supreme Court case established

that there are implied powers that belong that there are implied powers that belong to Congress and that states may not tax to Congress and that states may not tax the federal government?the federal government?

17. What vote is needed to pass an 17. What vote is needed to pass an amendment to the Constitution through amendment to the Constitution through each house?each house?

18. If no candidate receives the required 18. If no candidate receives the required electoral votes how is the President electoral votes how is the President selected?selected?

19. Give two examples of the Congress 19. Give two examples of the Congress using its investigative powers.using its investigative powers.

Congress Part 2Congress Part 2How does Congress How does Congress Work?Work?

Powers of CongressPowers of CongressExpressed, Implied, InherentExpressed, Implied, Inherent

1. Expressed powers---those specifically 1. Expressed powers---those specifically granted to Congress in the Constitution---granted to Congress in the Constitution---coin money, raise army, regulate coin money, raise army, regulate interstate commerce, borrow money, interstate commerce, borrow money, declare war, etc.declare war, etc.

2. Implied Powers---powers that belong to 2. Implied Powers---powers that belong to Congress because they can be reasonably Congress because they can be reasonably deduced from an expressed power.deduced from an expressed power.

Created by Necessary and Proper Clause Created by Necessary and Proper Clause in Constitution (sometimes called “elastic in Constitution (sometimes called “elastic clause”clause”

Example---coin money also means print Example---coin money also means print money---raise an army also means raise money---raise an army also means raise an air force.an air force.

3. Inherent power—powers that all 3. Inherent power—powers that all governments of nations possess (regulate governments of nations possess (regulate immigration, determine citizenship)immigration, determine citizenship)

Influences on CongressInfluences on Congress

Executive BranchExecutive Branch Party leadershipParty leadership MediaMedia ConstituentsConstituents Special Interest GroupsSpecial Interest Groups

Committee Structure Committee Structure of Congressof Congress Both Houses of Congress have been Both Houses of Congress have been

called “a collection of committees called “a collection of committees that come together periodically to that come together periodically to approve one another’s actions”.approve one another’s actions”.

Congress does almost all its work in Congress does almost all its work in Committee---Most Bills die in Committee---Most Bills die in committee and never make it to the committee and never make it to the floor of the House or Senate.floor of the House or Senate.

Committee Structure Committee Structure continuedcontinued Both the House and Senate have Both the House and Senate have

organized permanent committees organized permanent committees known as “standing committees”.known as “standing committees”.

19 Standing Committees in the House19 Standing Committees in the House 17 Standing Committees in the 17 Standing Committees in the

SenateSenate In order for a bill to get to the floor of In order for a bill to get to the floor of

the House or Senate for consideration the House or Senate for consideration it must first get a majority vote in one it must first get a majority vote in one or more of the Standing Committees.or more of the Standing Committees.

Committee Structure Committee Structure ContinuedContinued

Each Standing Committee further divides the Each Standing Committee further divides the work by creating Sub-Committees (80 in House, work by creating Sub-Committees (80 in House, 70 in Senate).70 in Senate).

Standing Committees and their Sub-Standing Committees and their Sub-Committees have the power to subpoena Committees have the power to subpoena witnesses to testify before the committee. witnesses to testify before the committee. (baseball players—steroids)(baseball players—steroids)

Chairpersons of Standing Committees are Chairpersons of Standing Committees are extremely powerful—they can make it easy for extremely powerful—they can make it easy for a bill to pass or difficult.a bill to pass or difficult.

The majority party in each house gets to choose The majority party in each house gets to choose the Chairpersons of each committee.the Chairpersons of each committee.

Senate Standing Senate Standing CommitteesCommittees

Agriculture, Nutrition, ForestryAgriculture, Nutrition, Forestry AppropriationsAppropriations Armed ServicesArmed Services Banking, Housing and Urban AffairsBanking, Housing and Urban Affairs BudgetBudget Commerce, Science, TransportationCommerce, Science, Transportation Energy and Natural ResourcesEnergy and Natural Resources Environment, and Public WorksEnvironment, and Public Works FinanceFinance Foreign RelationsForeign Relations Governmental AffairsGovernmental Affairs Indian AffairsIndian Affairs JudiciaryJudiciary Health and EducationHealth and Education Rules and AdministrationRules and Administration Small BusinessSmall Business Veteran AffairsVeteran Affairs

House Standing CommitteesHouse Standing Committees

AgricultureAgriculture AppropriationsAppropriations Armed ServicesArmed Services BudgetBudget Education and the WorkforceEducation and the Workforce Energy and CommerceEnergy and Commerce Financial ServicesFinancial Services Governmental ReformGovernmental Reform House AdministrationHouse Administration International RelationsInternational Relations JudiciaryJudiciary ResourcesResources RulesRules ScienceScience Small BusinessSmall Business Standards of Official ConductStandards of Official Conduct TransportationTransportation Veterans AffairsVeterans Affairs Ways and MeansWays and Means

How does a Bill How does a Bill become a Law?become a Law?

1. A bill may be introduced in either 1. A bill may be introduced in either the House or the Senate (except bills the House or the Senate (except bills that have to do with taxes must start that have to do with taxes must start in House)in House)

2. A member of the House or Senate 2. A member of the House or Senate must introduce the Bill. They would must introduce the Bill. They would be called the Bill’s sponsor. be called the Bill’s sponsor. Sometimes there is more than one Sometimes there is more than one Sponsor.Sponsor.

3. We will start this example in 3. We will start this example in the House by dropping the Bill the House by dropping the Bill into a “Hopper” near the into a “Hopper” near the Speakers desk. Clerk gives bill a Speakers desk. Clerk gives bill a number.number.4. The Bill is then sent by the 4. The Bill is then sent by the Speaker to one of the Standing Speaker to one of the Standing Committees.Committees.5. Bill is sent by Chairperson of 5. Bill is sent by Chairperson of the Standing Committee to one the Standing Committee to one of the Sub-Committees where of the Sub-Committees where Public Hearing will be held.Public Hearing will be held.

6. Subcommittee reports bill back to 6. Subcommittee reports bill back to Standing Committee. Standing Standing Committee. Standing Committee can do five things with Committee can do five things with the bill with a majority vote in the the bill with a majority vote in the Committee:Committee:

A. report favorablyA. report favorably

B. refuse to report bill—pigeonholeB. refuse to report bill—pigeonhole

C. report bill in amended formC. report bill in amended form

D. report bill unfavorably (rare)D. report bill unfavorably (rare)

E. report committee bill—(brand new E. report committee bill—(brand new bill)bill)

7. Bill goes to House Rules Committee.7. Bill goes to House Rules Committee. This Committee will determine the rules by This Committee will determine the rules by

which this bill will be considered on the Floor which this bill will be considered on the Floor of the House.of the House.

(examples: length of debate or if the bill may (examples: length of debate or if the bill may be amended on the floor)be amended on the floor)

8. Bill is then considered on the floor of the 8. Bill is then considered on the floor of the House and passed with a majority vote House and passed with a majority vote (usually at one of 48 computer stations on the (usually at one of 48 computer stations on the House Floor).House Floor).

*This whole process can sometimes be sped up *This whole process can sometimes be sped up by suspending the rules of the House with a by suspending the rules of the House with a two thirds vote.two thirds vote.

* Committee of the Whole also speeds up * Committee of the Whole also speeds up business.business.

9. Bill is taken by hand to the United States 9. Bill is taken by hand to the United States Senate where it is placed on the President’s Senate where it is placed on the President’s desk. (President of the Senate)desk. (President of the Senate)

10. Bill is sent to appropriate Standing 10. Bill is sent to appropriate Standing Committee and then to a sub-committee for Committee and then to a sub-committee for hearings and consideration.hearings and consideration.

11. Sub committee sends bill to Standing 11. Sub committee sends bill to Standing Committee where bill is voted on.Committee where bill is voted on.

12. Bill sent to Senate floor where debate takes 12. Bill sent to Senate floor where debate takes place---possible filibuster—60 votes to stop.place---possible filibuster—60 votes to stop.

Majority vote passes bill in Senate.Majority vote passes bill in Senate.13. Conference Committee----resolves 13. Conference Committee----resolves

differences between House and Senate differences between House and Senate version of the bill.version of the bill.

Work of Conference Committee must be Work of Conference Committee must be approved by a majority vote in both houses. approved by a majority vote in both houses.

14. Final version of Bill is taken to the White 14. Final version of Bill is taken to the White House for consideration by the President.House for consideration by the President.

President may take 4 actions on the bill:President may take 4 actions on the bill: A. Sign bill into law—ceremonyA. Sign bill into law—ceremony B. Veto bill—returned to house where bill B. Veto bill—returned to house where bill

originated. It takes a two thirds vote in originated. It takes a two thirds vote in each the House and the Senate to override each the House and the Senate to override a veto.a veto.

C. Let it become law without his/her C. Let it become law without his/her signaturesignature

by not acting on it within the required 10 by not acting on it within the required 10 days (Sundays don’t count). days (Sundays don’t count).

D. Pocket veto—10 days pass-- the D. Pocket veto—10 days pass-- the President does not act and Congress President does not act and Congress adjourns.adjourns.

Line item vetoLine item veto In 1996 Congress gave the In 1996 Congress gave the

President the line item veto which President the line item veto which would have allowed the President would have allowed the President to veto just part of a bill.to veto just part of a bill.

Most Governors have the line Most Governors have the line item veto.item veto.

The Supreme Court ruled that the The Supreme Court ruled that the law creating the line item veto for law creating the line item veto for the President was the President was unconstitutional in Clinton v. N.Y. unconstitutional in Clinton v. N.Y. City in 1998.City in 1998.

quizquiz1.1. What type of Congressional power is the What type of Congressional power is the

power to declare war?power to declare war?2.2. What type of Congressional power is the What type of Congressional power is the

power to print money, create a national power to print money, create a national bank, and prohibit discrimination in public bank, and prohibit discrimination in public accommodations?accommodations?

3.3. What type of Congressional power is the What type of Congressional power is the power to regulate immigration?power to regulate immigration?

4.4. What clause in the Constitution creates What clause in the Constitution creates implied powers? (both nicknames)implied powers? (both nicknames)

5.5. What are the 5 basic influences on the What are the 5 basic influences on the Congress?Congress?

6.6. Where does Congress do most of its Where does Congress do most of its work?work?

7.7. Where do most bills die?Where do most bills die?8.8. What do you call a permanent committee What do you call a permanent committee

in the House and Senate?in the House and Senate?

Quiz continuedQuiz continued9. How many standing committees in 9. How many standing committees in

the House? Senate?the House? Senate?10. How are standing committees 10. How are standing committees

further divided?further divided?11. What type of power does a standing 11. What type of power does a standing

committee have?committee have?12. Who gets to determine the 12. Who gets to determine the

Chairperson of a committee?Chairperson of a committee?13. What is line item veto?13. What is line item veto?14. What are four actions a President 14. What are four actions a President

may take on a bill once he or she may take on a bill once he or she receives it?receives it?