HIV/AIDS
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HIV AIDSHIV AIDSPresented By- Maniah SharmaPresented By- Maniah Sharma
Welcome Delegates !Welcome Delegates !
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What is AIDS?What is AIDS?
A—Acquired(not born with)
I—Immune(body’s defence system)
D—Deficiency(not working properly)
S—Syndrome(a group of signs and symptoms)
Transmitted from person to person.
It affects the body’s immune system, the part of the body which usually works to fight off germs such as bacteria and viruses.
Malfunctioning of the body’s immune system
Someone with AIDS may experience a wide range of different diseases and opportunistic infections.
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What is HIV?What is HIV?
H—humanH—human
I—immunodeficiencyI—immunodeficiency
V—virusV—virus
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What is the immune system?What is the immune system?
• Immune system defends the body.
• White blood cells (WBCs) are the most important part of this immune system.
• WBCs fight and destroy bacteria, fungi and viruses that may enter the body
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How does HIV weaken the How does HIV weaken the immune system?immune system?
• HIV enters the body.
• WBCs are attacked by HIV.
• The virus multiplies inside WBCs and infects other WBCs.
• Infected WBCs are eventually destroyed.
• Leads to a reduction in the number of WBCs.
• Ultimately leads to greatly reduced immunity.
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The difference between HIV and The difference between HIV and AIDSAIDS
• HIV causes AIDS
• HIV is a virus and AIDS is a disease
• AIDS—deficiency in the body’s defence mechanism or immune system
• AIDS is acquired, not hereditary
• HIV develops into AIDS depending on the body’s defence mechanism
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General PopulationCSWs, CSWs, MSMs, MSMs, IVDUsIVDUs
Risk Group Population
Bridge Population
Dynamics of HIV Transmission
TruckersMigrants
General Population
Street Children
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0
85.70%
4.34%
1.93%
1.97%
6.04%
Mode oftransmission
Sexual
blood
parenteral
PPTCT
others
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Other Modes of Transmission Other Modes of Transmission of HIVof HIV
Receipt of blood collected from HIV Receipt of blood collected from HIV infected person ~ almost 100% infected person ~ almost 100%
Through needle sharing in injecting Through needle sharing in injecting drug use ~ 0.67 – 3% per episodedrug use ~ 0.67 – 3% per episode
Re-use of unsterilised needles & Re-use of unsterilised needles & syringes ~ < 1 per 1000syringes ~ < 1 per 1000
HIV infected mother-to-child ~ 30% HIV infected mother-to-child ~ 30%
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Body Fluids Which Can Body Fluids Which Can TransmitTransmit HIV HIV
Blood, bloody fluidsBlood, bloody fluids
Potentially infectious: semen, Potentially infectious: semen, vaginal secretions & tissue.vaginal secretions & tissue.
No risk: saliva, tears, sweat, No risk: saliva, tears, sweat, non-bloody urine.non-bloody urine.
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What does HIV-positive mean?What does HIV-positive mean?
• The person is infected with HIV.
• A HIV-positive person may not have AIDS.
What happens when a person is infected with HIV?
• May take 6 months to 10 years or more for progression to AIDS.
• On an average, 50% of infected people take about 8 years to progress to AIDS.
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What is comprehensive HIV/AIDS care?What is comprehensive HIV/AIDS care?
Clinical and nursing careClinical and nursing care
Psychosocial support and counsellingPsychosocial support and counselling
Economic and employment supportEconomic and employment support
Legal assistanceLegal assistance
Care and support for orphans and widowsCare and support for orphans and widows
Training on care and support for caregiversTraining on care and support for caregivers
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU