HIGHWAY ENGINEERING MODULE-IV - · PDF filehighway engineering module-iv 1 highway drainage. 2...

HIGHWAY ENGINEERING

MODULE-IV

1 HIGHWAY DRAINAGE.

2 HILL ROAD

3 ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT.

4 ROAD ADMINISTRATION AND

FINANCE

Prof. Ujjval J. Solanki

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING,

DARSHAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY-RAJKOT.

ROAD ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE

SCOPE OF STUDY Financing of road projects Highway finance

Highway financing and taxation in India

Administration of roads. Administration of National Highway Administration of state highway.

PPP models Understanding PPP PPP Models Why PPP

Road safety audits. (RSA) Prof. Ujjval J solanki, Darshan Institute of Engg. and Technology-RAJKOT


Prof. Ujjval J solanki, Darshan Institute of Engg. and Technology-RAJKOT

GTU questions Explain methods of highway financing (June 2011)

Explain PPP models ( Dec-2010) June 2011)

Likely to ask in DEC-2012

@ Road safety audit


FINANCING OF ROAD PROJECTS

FINANCING OF ROAD PROJECTS


Highway finance

Highway financing and taxation.

Highway finance

Basic Principle :

Funds spent on highways are recovered from the road user. (direct or indirect)

Two methods of highway financing

A) Pay – as –you-go method. ( Toll)

B) Credit financing method. (Borrowed money)

Beneficiaries of highway improvements.

A) Motor vehicle users.

B) Owners of adjacent property.

C) General public


Highway finance

Sources of revenue:

Toll tax

Taxes on fuels and lubricants

Taxes on new vehicles and spares.

Vehicle registration.

Special tax on commercial vehicle.

Property tax


Highway financing and taxation in

India

Construction of roads in India Financed by

Central Government.

State Government

Local bodies* ( *Corporation, Municipalities, District panchayat)

Taxes levies grouped under

State Government

Central Government



India

Taxes levies grouped under

Central Government State Government

Import duty on vehicle and spares Sales tax on vehicles, spares, tyres

Import duty on petroleum products Sales tax on petroleum products

Excise duty on vehicle and spares Vehicle registration fees, road tax

Toll at selected location Permits for goods vehicle

License fees

Toll by state Govt.



India

Various sources of funds in India (1) Central Road Fund (CRF)

(2) General budget in Central and State Govt.

(3) State Road fund.

(4) Tolls

(5) World bank loan.

(6) Local bodies sources for urban roads.

(7) Special funds like market committee fund



India

Various sources of funds in India ( 1) Central Road Fund (CRF)

Since 1929 , recommended by Jaykar committee

Use of CRF ( Ordinary and Allocation) -> Road research, Traffic studies, Training, Bridge scheme, Purchase of machinary, Const. of byepass

CRF ( Allocation)

(80 % allocated to State Govt on the basis of petrol

consumption

CRF ( Total annual revenue-100%)

CRF ( Ordinary)

( Balance 20% reserved by Central Government



India

(2) General budget in Central and State Govt.

(3) State Road fund.

(4) Tolls

Advantage of toll road:

Well maintained road.

Good riding quality.

Good way side facility.

Traffic restraint measure.

Disadvantage of toll road:

Toll tax

Delay

Period for toll collection ?



India

(5) World bank loan.

International finance institution World bank, ADB

Loan available option

(i) Soft terms ( little or no interest- long

term-50 year-Case study: MH, Bihar,

Orissa )

(ii) Stiff terms ( 7 % interest)



India

(6) Local bodies sources for urban roads.

JnNURAM – For Urban Road (Fund 50 % central

Govt, 30 % state , 20 % RMC)

(7) Special funds like market committee fund


ADMINISTRATION OF ROADS



Development of Road transport

Prime need: Efficient road administration.

Road administration agencies in India

1) Ministry of Road Transport and Highways(GOI)

Responsibility of MORTH

Planning, Development, and maintenance of NH.

Standard specification

Administration of CRF

Financial support to State.

Road research



Road administration agencies in India

2) Ministry of Rural Road development (GOI) NRRDA

Development of Rural road.

Mega project in execution PMGSY. 3) State Government road development departments

PWD, State highway project, R & B. District R. & B.

ROAD AUTHORITY

IRC

CRRI

NHAI



NHAI ( Act of parliament 1988, work-Feb-1995

Work for NHDP phases

NHDP Phase -I

Approved by CCEA in DEC-2000, Rs 30000 Cr.

Project Golden quadrilateral 5846 Km


NHDP Phase I


NHDP Phase II Rs 34339 cr. N-S E-W 7300 Km Complition DEC-2007


NHDP

Phase I,II

& III



Summary CCEA

NHDP phase, approved by

Phase Project Road length Cost Rs in

Cr.

Start Year and End

year

I Golden quadrilateral 5846 30000 2000 to 2007

II N-S , E-W 7300 34339 2003 to 2007

III and

IV

Up gradation and

Four lanning

4035+

8074

21207 +

54339

2005

V Six lane 6500 2006

VI Expressway 1000 16680 2006

VII Ring road by pass, fly

over

700 16680 2007






PPP models Understanding PPP PPP Models Why PPP ?



PPP models Understanding PPP

PPP Models

Why PPP ?

PPP models

Understanding PPP



India

Understanding PPP (Public private partnership)

GOI Definition: Project based on contract agreement between

Government and private sector company* for delivering

infrastructure services on payment of user charges. (PSP-

Private sector partnership) ( * 51% or more subscribed equity owned by private entity)

PPP

Long term , contractual partnership.

Financing, Designing, Implementing and operating infrastructure facilities.

Collaborative ventures built around expertise and capacity of project partner as per

contractual agreement.



India…

Fundamental qualities of a PPP project. High priority Govt. planned project

Genuine Risk allocation .

Mutually viable

Salient features of a PPP.

PPP forms and formats

SPV ( Special purpose vehicle)



India…

PPP Models.

Ownership of capital assets.

Responsibility for investment.

Assumption of risks.

Duration of contract



India…

Private company participation categorization.

Supply and management contracts. Supply or service contract (oursourcing)

Maintenance management.

Operational management.

Turnkey projects ( design and build)

Affermage (sharing of revenue) and Lease.

Concessions.(i) Franchise (ii) BOT

Private ownership of assets



India…

PPP Strengths and effectiveness

Robust and dynamic structure.

Govt. ownership is high.

Commercial interest protected.

Transparent.

Sustainable financing and institutional mechanism with potential of bridging the infrastructure gap.

Improved delivery of public services. Ability to access capital funding from private sector ( Flow-of-service payments)

Full scale risk appraisal.


PPP Project

Government should not do in PPP projects.

Offer project without DPR

Change goalpost after award of contract.

Each project as business

Government should do in PPP projects.

Support the officers.

Align economic interest.

Transparent bidding process.

No manipulation

Detailed policy.

Full support by government.

Clear policy.

Defined source of revenue.

Proper allocation of risk.






PPP models Understanding PPP PPP Models Why PPP



Road safety audits. (RSA)

ROAD SAFETY AUDIT (RSA)

Formal procedure for assessing accident

potential of a specific road.

Objective: Identify the aspect that increase

safety and to suggest amendment in the

design to enhance safety.

Stage for RSA

Feasibility stage

Preliminary design stage.

Detail design stage.

Pre-opening stage Prof. Ujjval J solanki, Darshan Institute of Engg. and Technology-RAJKOT

ROAD SAFETY AUDITOR RECOMMENDATION

Improvement in

Road sign

Road marking

Road lighting

Intersection design

Geometric design.

Drainage.

Embankment.

Arboriculture.

Median openings

Road side facilities.


BENEFITS OF ROAD SAFETY AUDIT

Reduction in accidents

Savings in time and cost.

Improve safety.

Main focused on accident prevention and

accident reduction.


CONDUCTING ROAD SAFETY AUDIT

Four main aspects

(i) Institutional frame work for RSA.

(ii) Parties involved.

(i) Project designer

(ii) Client

(iii) Auditor.

(iii) Stages of audit.


DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ROAD SAFETY REVIEW AND ROAD SAFETY AUDIT

ROAD SAFETY REVIEW ROAD SAFETY AUDIT

Team members are

involved in road design

Team members are not

involved in road design

Small team (1-2 member) Large team (3-5 member)

Comparison with standards Field review and design

features

Human factors are not

considered

Human factors are

considered



Later..

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