High Performance Buildings - Lessons Learned, June 2012
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Transcript of High Performance Buildings - Lessons Learned, June 2012
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
High Performance Details Lessons Learned
Bronwyn Barry, Assoc. AIA, CPHC One Sky Homes & Passive House BB Consulting PHCA Co-President 2012
• Wall assembly challenges • Window choices • Foundations simplified
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Envelope Results kBTU/ft2.yr heating energy Preliminary Aug 3, 2009 Max. allowed = 4.75 kBTU/ft2.yr
SIP wall system** Prefab Stud wall Site built
5.5" 7.25" 5.5" 5.5" w/ rigid
insul. 7.25" 7.25" w/
rigid insul. 9.5" TJI studs
Window Est. Cost ($K) 49 52 47 53 49 55 79
Sierra Pacific* 4.52 4.01 5.11 4.58 4.54 4.19 3.91 37 86 89 84 90 86 92 116
**assuming $4k for interior furring using Recoup 200DX HRV w/ 3' OA duct runs 4" EPS under slab 11-7/8" TJI roof 4" EPS slab edge
Challenging walls
Source: Performance analysis from Dan Johnson, Arkin Tilt Architects and cost estimates from Quantum Builders
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Conflicting details
Beware of architectural and structural details not agreeing!
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Floor to floor assembly with open web hanging floor truss
Complicated junctions
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(With solutions)
Floor to floor assembly with open web hanging floor truss,
With 2” of spray foam
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Source: Cost Benefit Analysis by Bronwyn Barry, CPHC, for Quantum Builders, 2009
Marin Remodel Window Cost Benefit Analysis Brand Existing US- Av. Euro Av. PH Certified US -good US-best Canadian
R-value W#5 0.99 2.69 5.73 8.68 6.09 8.64 5.9 Heat Dem # (kBTU/ft2yr) 13.7 7.63 6.97 5.71 6.05 8.01 6.75
Price / $29,400.00 $45,344.50 $50,830.00 $35,507.42 $92,297.79 $39,852.10
Heat Dem delta 0 6.07 6.73 7.99 7.65 5.69 6.95 $ Saving/a** 0 1,736.02 1,924.78 2,285.14 2,187.90 1,627.34 1,987.70
30yr $saving 0 182.10 57,743.40 68,554.20 65,637.00 48,820.20 59,631.00 40yr $saving 0 69,440.80 76,991.20 91,405.60 87,516.00 65,093.60 79,508.00 yrs to paybk 0 16.94 23.56 22.24 16.23 56.72 20.05
30 yr CO2 savings (lbs) *** 0 20.03 22.21 26.37 25.25 18.78 22.94 (Highest/Best rating shown in orange field.)
* The above revised Sorpetaler cost & rating # reflects the following changes:
New TF Design window profile (rated at R8 value.) with triple glazing
Double glazed wood Accordian-Sliding door at Dining Room
Bug screen for 10 side window units only (no doors.)
** Assuming $0.13 per kBTU/ft2yr (1 Therm = 100,000 BTUs = $1.30 @ 2,200sf =$286.00)
*** 11 lbs of CO2 saved for each Therm saved
Window choices
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
45
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60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
5/6 -‐ 00:00 5/7 -‐ 00:00 5/8 -‐ 00:00 5/9 -‐ 00:00 5/10 -‐ 00:00 5/11 -‐ 00:00 5/12 -‐ 00:00 5/13 -‐ 00:00 5/14 -‐ 00:00 5/15 -‐ 00:00
Tempe
rature (°F)
Triple Pane (Bathroom) vs Dual Pane (Laundry) Window Comfort Comparison
Outdoor Temp Temp, air, Bathroom, 3-‐pane Temp, air, Laundry, 2-‐paneTemp, Globe, Bathroom, 3-‐pane Temp, Globe, Laundry, 2-‐pane, Temp, Int. Surface, Bathroom, 3-‐paneTemp, Int. Surface, Laundry, 2-‐pane
2-pane vs 3-pane comfort
Source: Monitoring data from Building America (DOE), PG&E and Davis Energy at Cottle Residence, San Jose by One Sky Homes
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Select good spacers (at the correct width)
Image Source: Greenbuildingadvisor post by Alex Wilson credited to: www.windownation.com
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Source: Analysis of Heat Loss Reduction through window edges by E. isevieius, V. Staponkus, & A. Jurelionis; Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania. 2005
Image: Lorna Fear IR images
Imported and local 3-pane
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Data Source: Dariush Arasteh– LBNL, private email, 2009.
Map Source: http://resourcecenter.pnl.gov/cocoon/morf/ResourceCenter/dbimages/full/973.jpg
Approx. US
Climate Zone
Min. Outdoor Temp (C)
Min. Outdoor Temp (F)
max. UW (W/m2-C)
max. UW (BTU/
hr.ft2.°F)
max. RW (hr.ft2.°F/
BTU)
Zone 2 10 50 2.1 0.37 2.70
Zone 3 0 32 1.05 0.18 5.56
Zone 4 -5 23 0.84 0.14 7.14
Zone 5 -10 14 0.7 0.12 8.33
Zone 6 -15 5 0.6 0.1 10.00
Zone 7 -20 -4 0.53 0.09 11.11
The case for triple pane
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Don’t assume perfect translation
cold regions: quadruple or vacuum hot regions: solar control first moderate: triple or sometimes double
Map Source: Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Germany
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)
• U.S. based
• No minimum standards
• Simulation and product test
Passive House Institute:
• German based
• Set performance standards
• Simulation only
The Rating Systems
From presentation: ‘A Tale of Two Rating Systems’ by B. Barry, October 2011
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(Ucog*Acog) + (Uf*Af) + (Uedge*Aedge) Aw
Uw =
Ucog
Acog
Uf
Af
Ucog = U-value glass Acog = Area glass
Uf = U-value frame
Af = Area frame
Uedge = U-value edge of glass
Aedge = Area edge of glass Aw = Area Window
Uedge
Aedge
How the NFRC rates windows
From presentation: ‘A Tale of Two Rating Systems’ by B. Barry, October 2011
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(Ug*Ag) + (Uf*Af) + (ψspacer*Lg) + (ψinstall*Lf) Aw
Uw-installed =
Ug
Ag
Uf
Af
Lg
Lf
ψinstall
ψspacer
How the PHI rates windows
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Component NFRC PHI
Window size 1.8 m2 1.82 m2
Width of frame * 0.15 m 0.1 m
Delta T in Therm Boundary condition 39 deg C 30 deg C
U-glass 0.73 W/m2K 0.7 W/m2K
Spacer vs edge of glass 0.22 W/K 0.15 W/K
Final U-window value (metric) 0.79 W/m2K 0.77 W/m2K
Final U-window value (IP) 0.139 BTU/hr.ft2.°F 0.135 BTU/hr.ft2.°F
Final R-value 7.18 hr.ft2.°F/BTU 7.37 hr.ft2.°F/BTU * Frame size variation is due to different profile options submitted by manufacturer’s representative to the two testing agencies and is not a protocol difference.
Generates different results
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Climate specific details
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3
Spread footing, 8” ICF stem wall, floating slab floor.
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Cost and simplicity still matter
Perimeter Foundation Study Opt. #
Psi (BTU/hrfF)
fRsi (%) Assembly Description Assembly
benefits/negatives 1 0.136 0.86 Spread Ftg, ICF stem wall: 8" conc. w/ 2" EPS sides, 5" slab w/ 4" HD EPS blw Easy to build
2 0.103 not
calc'd Same as #1 + 1 3/4" Foamglas below ICF stem wall Foamglas expensive 3 0.042 0.88 Same as #1 + 1 3/4" HD EPS at top of ICF stem wall Best performance
!But this is ONLY appropriate in very specific climates!
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
My lessons learned:
• ‘Outsulate’ your walls for best forgiveness factor and performance results
• Stick with triple-pane windows (for now) • Foundation perimeter insulation is crucial • Continuous sub-slab insulation is climate
specific • Don’t assume perfect translations • Religion relies on faith, everyone else
bring data! (With thanks to Danny Parker)
Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Thank you
Bronwyn Barry, Assoc. AIA, CPHC One Sky Homes & Passive House BB Consulting PHCA Co-President 2012