HFN - Small Group Learning 3 - Dissection Guide PDF.pd

8/6/2019 HFN - Small Group Learning 3 - Dissection Guide PDF.pd

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University of the Philippines ManilaCollege of Allied Medical Professions

OTPT 102: Anatomy for OT and PT studentsAcademic Year 2011-2012

HEAD, FACE, and NECKSmall Group Learning 3: DissectionLaboratory Guide

Learning Objective:- Identify the muscles of the head, face, and neck on a cadaveric model.

Recommended Study Time:2 hours

Learning Materials Needed: - Atlas of human anatomy

- Human cadaver - Dissection kit- Anatomy book

References:Netter, F.H. (2010). Atlas of human anatomy (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier.Snell, R.S. (2004). Clinical anatomy (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.No author (2002). Prosection manual . Retrieved June 22, 2011, from

http://webanatomy.net/atlas/447manual.htm#DISSECTION OF THE MUSCLES OF THE HEAD, NECKAND BACK


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All rights reserved. Copyright by ECRJ 2011. Use exclusively for OTPT 102: Applied Anatomy students. Approval and consent from Ernesto C. Rivera Jr., PTRP and CAMP

University of the Philippines-Manila required before use for other purposes. ([email protected]). Page 2

Instruction I: Prior to your dissection schedule, fill out the table below with the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the followingmuscles of the head, face, and neck.

Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation

Frontalis

Corrugator supercilli

Orbicularis oculi

Levator palpabraesuperioris

Procerus

Orbicularis oris

Buccinator

Levator anguli oris

Levator labii superioris

Levator labii superiorisalaeque nasi

Zygomaticus major

Depressor anguli oris

Depressor labii inferioris


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Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation

MentalisPlatysma

Masseter

Temporalis

Sternocleidomastoid

Digastric - anterior belly

Digastric posterior belly

Sternohyoid

Omohyoid - superior belly


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Instruction II: For the skinning and dissection part, follow the procedures below. Once done with skinning, identify only the musclesenumerated above. To easily differentiate one muscle from the other, familiarize yourselves with the fiber orientation of each muscle.

1. To expose the masseter and temporalis muscle, make a skin incisionstarting at the chin, following around the mouth and up the side of thenose (Figure 6.1). Stop the incision at the top of the cheekbone,approximately a half an inch from the eye.

2. Move the incision vertically across the cheekbone ( inch under the eye)to the end of the eye. Continue the incision horizontally close to the eyeand stop about an inch above the temple. Also carefully remove skin fromaround one eye and around the mouth.

3. Now take the cut vertically from above the temple even with the anterior

part of the ear ( do not go down toward the ear but only even with it). Youmay wish to "round" this entire cut to better expose the origin of thetemporalis (Figure 6.2).

4. Continue the incision from the chin to the posterior part of the ear following the angle of the jawbone.

5. Keeping the skin as one flap, retract the flap slowly, separating the skin from the fat until the flap can be pulled back over the ear.


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6. Attach the flap at the points above and below the ear (two inches from the top of ear and one inch from the bottom). Thistype of incision allows for easier closure over the face and better protection from drying out.

Note: Difficulty will be encountered in reflecting only the skin from the face because the superficial muscles of the face insert intothe skin. You may shave off these attachments.

7. Locate the temporalis which is below several layers of subcutaneous fascia and covers the side of the head.

8. Locate the masseter which is attached to the skull and jaw and is embedded in the fat of the cheek. Be careful in removingthe fat because the parotid gland and duct lie over the masseter and need to be left intact for later identification. Once thefat has been removed, the masseter should be relatively easy to see.

HFN - Small Group Learning 3 - Dissection Guide PDF.pd

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