Heart sound analysis
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A LOW-COST PORTABLE HEART SOUNDS
ANALYSIS BYE USING MICROCONTROLLER
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CONTENT
Anatomy of HeartPhysiology of HeartHeart SoundsHeart MurmursComponents of the deviceWorkingAdvantages & UsesConclusion
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Anatomy of Heart
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Path of Blood Flow Through Heart
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Heart SoundsAuscultation: The act of
listening to sounds within the body.
Four Sounds: * S1-Lubb * S2-Dupp * S3 & S4Produced due to: * Vascular * Muscular * Valvular
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Heart MurmursAbnormal sounds
consisting of clicking, rushing, or gurgling noise that are either heard before, between, or after the normal heart sounds
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INTRODUCTION
Presence of noise in PCG signals effect the quality of sound.
Aim of PCG is to provide a complementary tool to record heart sound and murmurs.
An effective noise elimination can be obtained using an adaptive filter.
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COMPONENTS OF THE DEVICEPCG microphoneAdaptive FilterAnalogue to Digital
Converter
MicrocontrollerOutput Device
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WORKINGPCG Microphone: - air-coupled sensor which measures pressure waves induced by chest wall movements. - To acquire PCG signals
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•Adaptive Filter
-Function: Elimination of noise components. -It is a filter that self-adjusts its transfer
function according to an optimization logarithm driven by an error signal
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PCG feature extraction using DWT
DWTdb 4,5 levels
Extraction & Classification
Modification
IDWTDb 4,5 levels
Cardiac cycle
From PCGs
Generates Heart Sounds
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•Analogue to Digital Converter
- A device that converts a continuous physical quantity to a digital number that represents quantity’s amplitude. - Here, the filtered PCG signals are converted into digital form.
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•Microcontroller
- A small computer on a single ‘integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory & programmable I/P-O/P peripherals. - 16-bit MSP430F5438 is used. - Programmed to give an alert(o/p) on occurrence of abnormalities.
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INPUT PC SIGNAL
Method for the estimation of the splitting interval (SI) between the aortic (A2) and pulmonary (P2) components of the second heart sound (S2).
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ADVANTAGESVersatilePortableCost effectiveSuperior noise cancellation
USESActs as Pre-indicator for abnormal heart.Helpful in rural areas, in absence of
cardiologist for further diagnosis.Can provide clues of the cause of heart
disease/failure.
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CONCLUSIONIt is pertinent to consider a time
sequence of patient data.Better recording of the desired signal can
be obtained.Provides valuable information about
functional integrity of the heart.Thus, has high potential for detecting
various heart diseases.
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QUERIES