HUMANBEHAVIOR

ON ORGANIZATION

EDUM 562Professor: Mr. Jonathan Despi

CHAPTER 8EMPOWERME

NTAnd

PARTICIPATION

CHAPTER 8THE NATURE OF EMPOWERMENT

AND

PARTICIPATION

Is any process that provides greater autonomy to employees through sharing of relevant information and the provision of control over factors affecting job performance.

EMPOWERMENT

It helps remove the conditions that cause powerlessness while enhancing employee feeling of self-efficacy.

EMPOWERMENT

Authorizes employees to cope with situations and enables them to take control of problems as they arise.

EMPOWERMENTFive broad approaches to

empowerment:1) Helping employees achieve job mastery

2) Allowing more control3) Providing successful role models

4) Using social reinforcement and persuasion

5) Giving emotional support

It is the mental and emotional involvement of people in group situations that encourages them to contribute to group goals and share responsibility for them.

PARTICIPATION

PARTICIPATIONThree important ideas:

INVOLVEMENT

CONTRIBUTION

RESPONSIBILITY

PARTICIPATION INVOLVEMENT - participation means meaningful involvement rather than mere muscular activity. EGO-INVOLVED - a person who participates

PARTICIPATION IDEAS (Motivation to contribute)

- Employees are empowered to release their own resources of initiative and creativity toward the objectives of the organization.

- it improves motivation by helping employees understand and clarify their paths towards goal.

PARTICIPATION Acceptance of Responsibility

- participation encourages people to accept responsibility in their group’s activities.

- When we talk about their organization, they begin to say “we” not “they”.

- When they see a job problem, it is “our”, not “theirs”.

How participation works?

Participative programs

Situation

Involvement Mental Emotional

Outcomes: Organization:Higher outputBetter qualityInnovation Employees:AcceptanceSelf-efficacyLess StressSatisfaction

Two views of Power and Influence

Is a fixed amount Is a variable amount

Autocratic View Power

Participative View Power

Comes from the authority structure

Comes from people through both official and unofficial channels

Is applied by management

Is applied by shared ideas and activities in group

Adequate time to participate

Prerequisites for Participation

Potential benefits greater than cost Relevance to employee interests Adequate employee abilities to deal with

the subject Mutual ability to communicate No feeling of threat to either party Restriction to the area of a job problem

Underparticipation

- When employees want more participation than they have, they are “participatively deprived”.

Overparticipation

- When they have more participation than they want, they are “participatively saturated”

Be fully responsible for their actions and their consequences

Responsibilities of employees and Managers

Operate within the relevant organizational policies

Be contributing team members Respect and seek to use the perspective of others

Be dependable and ethical in their empowered actions

Demonstrate responsible self-leadership

Participation tends to improve motivation because employees feel more accepted by their employer and more actively involved in the situation.

Benefits of Participation

Once the organizational culture is changed, then the system as a whole becomes more effective.

SERVANT LEADERSHIPSeveral key behaviors of a servant leader:

They listen actively and empathetically. They engage in introspection to understand

better their own attitudes and feelings.

They treat others with respect, as equals

SERVANT LEADERSHIPSeveral key behaviors of a servant leader:

They admit mistakes, confess their own vulnerability, and ask for help from others.

They seek to engage in dialogue and often paraphrase to ensure understanding.

They affirm the worth and contributions of each participant.

SERVANT LEADERSHIPSeveral key behaviors of a servant leader:

They are willing to admit mistakes and ask for help.

They build trust by articulating their values and acting consistently with them.

They place great emphasis on helping other people succeed.

Thank you for

listening…