Hayat E Mashaekh E Marehra (Hindi) Dr. Ahmed Mujtaba Siddiqui

7/24/2019 Hayat E Mashaekh E Marehra (Hindi) Dr. Ahmed Mujtaba Siddiqui

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g;krs ekkb[k+sekjgjk P a g e |3

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kkg cjdrqYykg b+d+h iseh ekjgjoh13

6 cqjgkuqy eqokfg+nhu g+t+jr l;n kkg vkyseqg+Een

20

7 kgt+kn, lkfg+cqy cjdkr g+t+jr l;n kkgutkrqYykg **kkg fe;k**

24

8 vlnqy v+kfjQ+hu g+t+jr l;n kkg g+et+k ,+suhekjgjoh 269 v+kfyes jCckuh cjdkrs l+kuh g+t+jr l;n kkg

eqg+EEn g+D+d+kuh31

10 kEls feYyr on~nhu kEls ekjgjk l;nuk kkgvcqy Q+T+y vkys vg+en gqT+kwj vPNslkg+c

34

11 fljktqLlkfydhu g+t+jr l;n kkg vkyscjdkrlqFkjsfe;k lkg+c

44

12 bekeqy okflyhu [k+kreqy vdkfcj g+t+jr l;nkkg vkysjlwy vg+enh

47

13 l;nqy v+kfcnhu g+t+jr l;n kkg vkSyknsjlwylkg+c 5514 kElqy m+jQ+k fljktqy dqeyk g+t+jr l;n kkg

xqyke eqfg+ ;nqn~nhu vehj v+kye57

15 [k+kfreqy vlykQ+ g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Eenlkfnd+

59


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16 fljktqy vkSfy;k uw:y v+kfjQ+hu g+t+jr l;nukkkg vcqy gqlSu vg+ens uwjh m+Q+Z **fe;k lkg+cfd+Cyk**

62

17 uchj&,&[k+kfreqy vdkfcj g+t+jr l;n kkgesagnh g+lu

71

18 eqtfn~nns cjdkfr;r g+t+jr l;n kkg vcqyd+kfle bLekb+Zy g+lu m+Q+Z kkg th fe;k

73

19 rktqy mYek fljktqy m+jQ+k g+t+jr l;n kkg

vkSyknsjlwy eqg+Een fe;k d+knjh

80

20 l;nqy m+yek] lunqy gqdek g+t+jr l;n kkgvkyseqLrQ+k l;n fe;k

85

21 vg+luqy mYek fljktqy vlfQ+;k g+t+jr l;nkkg eqLrQ+k g+Snj g+lu fe;k d+knjh

93

22 okfjl+s iatru g+t+jr l;n kkg ;g+;k g+lud+knjh m+Q+Z vPNslkg+c

102

23 l;ns feYyr g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys jlwyg+luSu fe;k uT+eh ekjgjoh

106

24 rktqy ekkb[k+ vehus feYyr g+t+jr izksQ+slj

l;n kkg eqg+Een vehu fe;k d+knjh

112

25 g+t+jr kQ+sZ feYyr l;n eqg+Een vkjQ+d+knjhcjdkrh

122

26 g+t+jr l;n eqg+Een vQ+t+y d+knjh 12627 jQ+hd+sfeYyr g+t+jr l;n kkg uthc g+Snj uwjh 12828 jLeslTtknxh [k+kud+kgscjdkfr;k] ekjgjk kjhQ+ 13229 rc:Zdkrs [k+kud+kgs cjdkfr;k] ekjgjk kjhQ+ dh

rQ+lhy133

30 et+kjkr ij g+kft+jh dsvknkc 13731 Q+kfrg+k dk rjhd+k 139

32 ktjk kjhQ+ 141


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bfUrlkc

eqvfjZ[k+s[k+kunkuscjdkr rktqy mYek fljktqy m+jQ+kl;n kkg vkSykns jlwy

eqg+Een fe;k d+knjh v+ySfgjZg+ek dsuke

ftUgksauslcls igys bl [k+kunkusv+kyhkku dh rkjh[k+uohlh dh bfCrnk

vkSj

g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys v+ck d+knjh uwjh v+ySfgjZg+ek

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ftudsnksuksaQ+t+ZUnksa

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cuk;kA

vg+en eqtrck flnnhd+h

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ftl rjg lsisk vk, mldh fel+ky vkSj txg eqfdy lsfeyrh gSA cknkkg lsysdj Q+d+hj rd ,d gh jo;k] ,dgh lqywdA cl! blh kkus csfu;kt+h us bu g+t+jkr dkst+ekusdh roTtksdk ejdt+cuk;kA

vy&g+Enq fyYykg! vkt fgUnqLrku vkSj fgUnqLrkulsckgj bZeku dh et+cwrh vkSj v+d+hnsdh rkt+xh dslkFktksvg~yslqUur vkSj vg~ys eqg+Ccr dh tekv+r gS mldhrjfc;r vkSj :g+kuh bLykg+ esa [k+kud+kgs cjdkfr;k dkdyhnh fdjnkj lkeusgSvkSj bldh lclscM+h otg ;gk

lsrjfc;r ik, gq, [+kqyQ+k dh nhuh f[k+nekr vkSj cqT+kqxksaZdk Q+St+kusrl:ZQ+gSA

[k+kud+kgsanj vLy :g+kuh rjfc;rxkg gqvk djrh gSatgk fnyksavkSj t+g~uksadh lQ+kbZ dk dke ft+s[+kqnk vkSjb+d+s jlwy ds t+fj;s gqvk djrk gSA oD+r ds lkFk[k+kud+kfg;r] njxkfg;r esa rCnhy gqbZ] bLykg+s d+Yc lsT+;knk /;ku jLeks jokt ij fn;k tkus yxk vkSj muesafcnv+kr dk n[+y kq: gksus yxk vkSj ;gh otg gS fd

tekv+rsg+d+ ckfry fQ+d+ksaZdk fukkuk cuhA gelstSls tSlsnhu nwj gqvk oSls oSls nwljh x+Sj t+:jh pht+sa gekjk ihNkdjus yxhaA ekjgjk kjhQ+ dks ;s bfEr;kt+ geskk g+kflyjgk fd ;gk dsekkb[k+d+nhe nkSj lsysdj vc rd lkfg+csb+Ye vkSj lkfg+csd+ye jgsA vxj budsb+Yeh dkjukeksadh


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Q+sgfjLr eqjRrc dh tk, rks 250 ls T+;knk fdrkcsa vkSjfjlkys ekkb[k+s ekjgjk ds gekjs lkeus gksaxsA vdkfcjsekjgjk us b+Ye vkSj vg~ys b+Ye nksuksa dks ljkgk] viuseqjhnhu vkSj pkgusokyksa dksb+Ye g+kfly djusdh rjx+hcnh vkSj mlds fy;s jkLrs Hkh geokj fd;sA vkt Hkhvy&g+Enq fyYykg cqT+kqxkZusekjgjk ds:g+kuh Q+St+ku dk ;gflyflyk tkjh o lkjh gSA [k+kud+kg] ihjh eqjhnh lc viuh

txg gS gh ysfdu lkFk lkFk nhuh o nqfu;koh rkyhe lsv+oke dksQ+kbnk igqpkusdslkeku Hkh [k+kud+kg esaeqg;kgSaA vy&cjdkr tSlk nqfu;koh rkyhe dk bnkjk Hkh gSvkSjtkfe;k vg+luqy cjdkr tSlk nk:y m+ywe HkhA

t+ekuk Hkysgh djoVsays jgk gks] d+njksa esa Hkys ght+oky vk;k gks] :g+kuh ejdt+ksads fet+kt xjpscny x,gksaysfdu [k+kud+kgscjdkfr;k dsfut+ke esarcnhfy;k flQ+Zlqgwyr ds g+okys ls vkbZ gSa ojuk lc dqN ogh gS pkgsfjok;rsagksa;k b+uk;rsa] f[k+ners[k+Yd+;k v[k+ykd+h cqyfUn;klc esa;gk ogh iqjkuk rkSj rjhd+k] ogh [k+kud+kgh jax] oghfjok;rksadh iklnkjh] ogh vkyk fdjnkj dsuewus]

vy&g+Enq

fyYykg

[k+kud+kgscjdkfr;k dscqT+kqxksaZ dh g+;kr o f[k+nekrdksyksxksard igqpkusdk okfg+n ed+ln ;g gS fd ;gk lstqM+syksx] [k+kl rkSj lsukStoku lkFkh bu cqT+kqxkZusnhu dhft+Unxh dsrkSj rjhd+ksalsvkxkg gkstk, vkSj de lsde;g le> ldsa fd vPNscUnsdSlsgksrsgSavkSj vPNk cUnk

cuusdsfy;s dke D;k djusgksrsgSa\ekStwnk nkSj esa [k+kud+kgs cjdkfr;k us viuk feku

b+Ye dks v+ke djus dk cuk;k gSA vius pkgus okyksa lsxqt+kfjk Hkh dh tk jgh gS vkSj ulhg+r Hkh fd i


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tk jgh gSa fd yksxksa dks ftu g+t+jkr ls v+d+hnrsa gSa ogmudks igys tkusa vkSj fQj mudks ekusaA blh esa v+d+hnrvkSj okcLrxh dk yqRQ+gSA

vYykg rv+kyk dk kq o ,g+lku gS fd mlus[k+kud+kgs cjdkfr;k ls tqM+s ukStoku cjdkfr;ksa dks viuseqfkZnkusfxjkeh dk oQ+knkj Hkh cuk;k vkSj tkful+kj Hkh vkSjbu nksuksa pht+ksadh rlnhd+dgusls ugha cfYd v+ey ls

gksrh gSAeq>s csg+n [+kqkh gS fd fiNys lky Barkaati

Youth Meet fcjknjsv+t+ht+l;n eqg+Een veku d+knjhoyh v+g~n ds t+sjs fd+;knr gqbZ vkSj mlesa mu cjdkrhukStokuksaesa,d vyx g+kSlyk ns[kusdksfeykA mu iqjv+T+elkfFk;ksaus[+okfgk t+kfgj dh fd ge vc viuscqT+kqxksaZ ijfyVspj rS;kj djkdj yksxksaesard+lhe djsaxsftldh igyhdM+h vkidslkeus

**g;krsekkb[k+ekjgjk**

gSA bl fdrkc

dh bkkv+r dk ,gfreke reke cjdkrh ukStokuksa usBarkaati Boys Fund cukdj fd;k gS bl mEehn dslkFk fd ;g flyflyk vkxsHkh ,slsgh tkjh jgsxkA

eSa mu reke ukStoku cjdkrh HkkbZ;ksa dk kqf;kvnk ughad:xk cfYd ge lc feydj ekkb[k+sekjgjk dkkqf;k vnk djsaxsfd mudh ut+jsbfUr[k+kc ge ij iM+hA

blls d+Cy jkfd+e us fgUnh vkSj mnZw esa cqT+kqxkZusekjgjk dh lokusg+g+;kr fdrkcpsdh kDy esaukuk g+t+jr

vg+luqy mYek dspgYyqe ij eqjRrc dh Fkh ftls MSOof India us kk, fd;k FkkA bjknk Fkk mlh dks tnhnkDy esanqckjk fizUV dj nsaysfdu eksg+rje ekewtku g+t+jrkQ+sZ feYyr dk gqDe gqvk fd fdrkc FkksM+h t+[k+he gksukpkfg;srkfd lokusg+ fy[kusdk dqN rksg+d+vnk gksA eq>s


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bl ekSd+s ij vius v+t+ht+ nksLr vkSj lqUuh ukStokuksa dsfy;s uewu, v+ey kghns cx+nkn v+kfyes jCckuh v+YykekmlSnqy g+d+ d+kfnjh v+ySfgjZg+ek cgqr ;kn vk, D;ksafdcskrj ed+kekr ij eSa mudksQ+ksu djds bldh rjrhc esaijskku t+:j djrk g+kykfd og ekjgjk kjhQ+dsfdlh Hkhdke ds fy;s vk/kh jkr dks rS;kj gks tkrs FksA vYykgrv+kyk mlSn fe;k dsnjtkr cqyUn Q+jek,A

vkehu

eSaviuskQ+hd+ekewvksadh kQ+d+rksadk kqf;k D;kvnk dj ldwxk] og rksesjs fy;sktjslk;knkj gSa ftudhNko esat+ekusdh fg+n~nr lscsfu;kt+vkSj iqjlqdwu cSBk gwAvYykg rv+kyk bu kQ+hd+ljijLrksadh m+ez vkSj lsg+r esacjdr v+rk Q+jek,A

vkehu

ekSykuk eqx+hl+ lkg+c us fgUnh VkbZfiax dh iwjhft+Eesnkjh ysdj mldksik, rdehy rd igqpk;kA vYykgmudkstt+k, [k+Sj v+rk Q+jek,A

vkehu

vYykg rvkyk esjs okfynSu dk lk;k esjs ijd+k;e o nk;e j[ksvkSj viusg+chcsikd dslnd+sesafljkrseqLrd+he ij pyusdh rkSQ+hd+v+rk Q+jek,A cqT+kqxkZusekjgjkds vyrkQ+ks dje dh ckfjksa muds ekS:l+h xqyke vg+eneqTrck ij ,slsgh gksrh jgsaA

vkehu

^^ge rksbd [k+kd dk VqdM+k Fkk tgk vksl u Qwy

ge is cjlk ;srsjk vczs b+uk;r gh rks gSA**

vg+en etrck flnnhdh


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g;krs ekkb[k+sekjgjk P a g e | 10

g+Q tjhZa

vkc:, [k+kunkus cjdkr vehusfeYyr izksQ+sljl;n kkg vehu fe;k d+knjh cjdkrh

t+scsslTtknk] vkLrku, v+kfy;k cjdkfr;k ekjgjk kjhQ+

;s esjs fy;s cM+h [+kqkh dh ckr gS fd ukStoku

cjdkrh vg+ckc dh [+okfgk ij vt+ht+e vg+en eqtrcklYyegq us **g+;krs ekkb[k+s ekjgjk** rjrhc nh gSAvYykg rckjd o rv+kyk dk csg+n kq gS fd [k+kunkuscjdkr ls eqg+Ccr djus okyscjdkrh vg+ckc nkes] fnjes]d+nes] d+yes] lq[k+us nhuks lqfUu;r o cjdkfr;r dhf[k+nekr esa[+kqn dksoD+Q+ fd;sgq, gS a vkSj fcy [+kqlwlukStokuksa esa rks ;g gkSlyk ns[kus ds d+kfcy gSAvYg+EnqfyYykg! g+;krsekkb[k+sekjgjk esard+jhcu reke

gh cqT+kqxksa ds g+kykrs ft+Unxh dks cM+s lgy vkSj lknkrjhd+slsisk fd;k x;k] lkFk gh ,d vkSj ckr vklkuhdh ;g gS fd ;g fdrkc fgUnh jleqy [k+r esa gS]ftldh otg ls ,d cM+k rcd+k blls Q+k;nk mBkldsxkA ,d ulhg+r [k+kl dj vius ukStoku cjdkrhvg+ckc lsd:xk fd og mnwZ i


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xqygk, kQ+d+r

Q+[+js cjdkfr;r kQ+sZ feYyrg+t+jr l;n eqg+Een vkjQ fe;k d+knjh

[k+kud+kgscjdkfr;k ds eqjhnhu o eqrofLlyhu dsfy, ;g cM+h eljZr dh ckr gSfd mu dse[+nwekusfxjkeh

dsg+kykrs ft+Unxh ^^g+;krsekkb[k+sekjgjk** cT+kqcku fgUnheqjkc gksdj eUt+jsvke ij vk jgsgSaA [k+kfnekus[k+kunkuscjdkr dsfy;s;g ckr geskk [+kqfk;ksaesabt+kQ+s dk ckbljgh fd gesa vg+ckc cgqr pkgus okys feys vkSj gekjsvg+ckc dsfy;s;g ckr ckblslqdwu gSfd mudksmudsihj[k+kusls geskk eqg+Ccrsa feyrh jghaA

vYg+EnqfyYykg vkt ;g ns[k dj cM+h [+kqkh gksrhgS fd [k+kunkus cjdkr ls okcLrk ukStokuksa esa

fyYykfg;r] fg+Eers nhuh vkSj vius ihj[+kkus ds rbZaxgjh vd+hnr vkSj okcLrxh gS vkSj mEehn gS fdbakkvYykg mlesabt+kQ+k gh gksrk jgsxkA

vt+ht+h vg+en fe;k lYyegw dh eqjkc djnkfdrkc Hkh bUghapkgus okyksadh reUuk dk ,d fg+LlkgSA g+;krs ekkb[k+s ekjgjk dk eqrkyk djus ij ;gvUnkt+k gqvk fd bakkvYykg okcLrxkusflyfly&,&cjdkfr;k vius ekkb[k+s ,t+ke dh g+;kr

o f[k+nekr ls dek g+DdgwjkSkuh g+kfly dj ldsaxsAvg+en lYyegw us [k+kunkus cjdkfr;k ls

eqrv+fYyd reke fdrkcksa ls vd+Z jst+h dj ds rekevge okfd+;kr vkSj f[k+nekr dk bg+krk djusdh dksfkkdh gSA fy[kus&fy[kkus] i


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vYg+EnqfyYykg [k+kuokn&,&cjdkr esa jkst+ vQ+jkst+ gSvkSj mEehn gSvkxsvkSj et+cwr gksxkA bakkvYykg vkusokysoD+rksaesavkSj Hkh T+;knk eokn vkSj ekywekr dslkFkrkjh[k+s [k+kunkus cjdkr dkskk, fd;k tk,xkA

eqvfjZ[k+s [k+kunkus cjdkr vkSj esjs ihj o eqfkZngt+jr rktqy m+yek vySfgjZg+Ekk usrkjh[+k uohlh dh

tksbfCrnk viusnLrseqckjd lsdh Fkh bakkvYykg ;gjkSku flyflyk uLy nj uLy bl [k+kud+kg lstkjh olkjh jgsxkA eSamu reke ukStokuksadksfny ls nqv+k nsrkgw ftUgksaus ckgeh rv+koqu ds lkFk bl bYeh dke dksvUtke nsusdh iskdk dhA vYykg rckjd o rv+kykmudh bl usd fu;rh dksd+qcwy Q+jek, vkSj et+hn dkjs[k+Sj vUtke nsusdh rkSQ+hd+sjQ+hd+v+rk Q+jek,A vkehu

eSa vius bu reke vg+ckc o eqrofLlyhu ls

xqtkfjk djuk pkgrk gw fd og bl fdrkc dk vOoyrk vkf[k+j eqrkyk djsa vkSj vius ekkb[k+ ds g+kykrsft+Unxh dks ekv+ys jkg cuk,A jCcsdjhe viusg+chcsikd lYyYykgq vySfg olYye ds lnd+s rqQ+Sy[+kkud+kgscjdkfr;k dsod+kj vkSj bd+cky esa fnu nwuhjkr pkSxquh rjD+d+h v+rk Q+jek,A bl :g+kuh [k+kuoknsdseqrofLlyhu dksvius[k+t+ku, x+Sc lsusersavkSj cjdrsav+rk Q+jek, vkSj fdrkc ds eqvfYyQ+ v+t+ht+h MkW0

vg+en eqtrck fln~nhd+h dksnkjSu esatt+k, [k+Sj v+rkQ+jek,A vkehu


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lYrkuqy v+kfkd+hu lkfgcqy cjdkr

g+t+jr l;nuk kkg cjdrqYykg

b+d+h o iseh ekjgjoh jgerqYykg vySg

kkgs cjdkr cjdkr iskhfu;k

ukS cgkjsrjhd+r isyk[kks a lykebekes flyfly, cjdkfr;k gq+T+kwj l;n kkg

cjdrqYykg b+d+h o iseh ekjgjoh jg+erqYykg v+ySg dhfoyknr 26 tekfny vkf[k+j 1070 fgtjh esa fcyxzkekjhQ+ esa gqbZA vkids okfyns ekftn g+t+jr kkg moSlbCus v+Cnqy tyhy fcyxzkeh jg+erqYykg v+ySg gSaA

vkidk ulc ukek bl rjg gS% g+t+jr l;nkkg cjdrqYykg fcu g+t+jr l;n kkg moSl fcu

l;n kkg v+Cnqy tyhy fcu ehj l;n v+Cnqy okfg+nfcyxzkeh lkfgcs ^^lcv+ lukfcy** fcu l;n bczkghefcu l;n d+qrcqhu fcu l;n kkg ekg: fcu l;nkkg cq


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b+Zlk ewfreqy vkcky ksjksa dks ;rhe cukus okys fcul;n tS+n kghn fcu beke tS+uqy v+kfcnhu fcul;nqkqgnk g+t+jr bekes g+qlSu fcu g+t+jr veh:yeksfeuhu l;nuk g+t+jr v+yh&,&eqrZt+k djZeYykgqotggqy djhe t+kSt kkSgj lf;nrqfUulkQ+kfrerqT+t+gjk fcUr l;nqy vfEc;k eqg+Een eqLrQ+krd igqprk gS lYyYykgq v+ySg o lYye o jfn;Yykgqv+Ugqe vteb+Zu

g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr flyfly, cjdkfr;k dsckuh vkSj vius nkSj ds ekgwj lwQ+h] v+kfye] eqlfUuQ+vkSj kk;j cqT+kqxZ gSaA lkfg+cqy cjdkr dks cSv+r vkSjf[k+ykQ+r flyfly, fpfr;k esa vius okfyns ekftnkkg moSl lsg+kfly FkhA bldsv+ykok viusppkt+knHkkbZ l;n eqjCch bCus l;n v+Cnqy uch ls Hkhflyfly, d+knfj;k vkckbZ esa btkt+r o f[k+ykQ+rg+kfly FkhA

g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr ljdkjs x+kSls vkt+e dsb+d+ esa ljkkj Fks vkSj b+d+ bl njtk igqpk gqvk Fkkfd lSjkch u gksrh FkhA ev+fjQ+r vkSj rjhd+r dh I;klvkSj b+d+s x+kSl+s vkt+e esa ljkkj gksdj e[+nwes dkYihg+t+jr l;nuk kkg Q+T+yqYykg jg+erqYykg v+ySg dh ckjxkg esag+kft+j gq,A dqrqcsekjgjk dk ljdkjsdkYihuslhuslsyxkdj bfLrd+cky fd;k] viuh Vksih v+rkQ+jekbZ vkSj nfj;k&c&nfj;k isoLr Q+jekrs gq,flyfly, d+knfj;k dh f[k+ykQ+r o btkt+r v+rkQ+jekbZA


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flyfly, d+knfj;k dh nkSyr g+kfly djds g+qT+kwjlkfg+cqy cjdkr vius nknk l;n kkg tyhyv+ySfgjZg+ek ds folky ds ckn vkSjaxt+sc ds t+ekus esaekjgjk kjhQ+ rkjhQ+ yk, vkSj **ise uxj cjdkruxjh** vkckn dh tks bl oD+r **eqg+Yyk cLrhihjt+knkxku** ekjgjk kjhQ+ ds uke ls ekgwj gS vkSjblh txg mUgsa uch&,&ikd lYyYykgq v+ySg o lYyevkSj g+t+jr l;nuk x+kSl+s vkt+e dh ft+;kjr dk kQZ+g+kfly gqvk vkSj vkidks ckkjr nh xbZ fd rqe bltxg eqLrfd+y lqdwur bf[+r;kj djksA ljdkjs x+kSlsvkt+e us g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dh vky esalkr dqrqciSnk gksus dh ckkjr Q+jekrs gq, g+t+jr cw v+yh kkgikuhirh jg+erqYykg v+ySg ds t+fj;s viuh rLchg dslkr nkusbl ckkjr dh rlnhd+esav+rk Q+jek,] lkFkgh ljdkjs x+kSlsvkt+e us g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr ls ,slktqeyk v+rk Q+jek;k ftl ij lqcg+sd+;ker rd cjdkrhxqyke Q+[+j Hkh djsaxs vkSj eqrebu Hkh jgsaxsA ljdkjscx+nkn usQ+jek;k% **cjdrqYykg! v+Cnqy d+kfnj tc rd


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rsjseqjhnksdks tUur esau nkf[k+y djk nsxk [kqn tUuresankf[k+y u gksxkA**

g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dh b+cknrks fj;kt+r dkv+kye fujkyk Fkk] vkiuslqywdksrlOoqQ+dh mu rekeefUt+yksadks r; Q+jek;k ftlds ckn ed+kes eg+cwfc;rvkSj rkts foyk;r g+kfly gksrk gSA b+cknrksa dk ;gv+kye Fkk fd rkjh[k+nkW fy[krsgSafd 26 lky eqlylyg+kyrs jkst+k esa jgs vkSj [ktw j vkSj d+yhy fx+t+k lsbQ+rkj Q+jekrs] gj oD+r ;knsbykgh esax+d+Z jgrs vkSjeqrksa jkr Hkj csnkj vkSj ekxwysb+cknr jgsA

njoskh vkSj bfUdlkjh dk ;g vkye Fkk fd dHkhnqfu;k vkSj nqfu;knkjksa dh rjQ+roTtksu Q+jekbZ vkSjiwjh ft+Unxh nhu dh rCyhx+ vkSj e[k+ywd+s [+kqnk dhjguqekbZ esaxqt+kjhA vkids:gkuh deky vkSj kf[+l;rdk ;g kksgjk Fkk fd cM+s&cM+s cknkkgksalsysdj vehjdchj g+kft+jh nsusdsfy;sv+ft+Z;k isk djrs FksA

vkSjaxts+c ls ysdj cknkkg eqg+Een kkg rdljdkj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dh ckjxkg esav+t+hZ isk djrsysfdu ckj;kch eqfdy gksrhA gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dhcsfu;kt+h vkSj roDdq+y dk ;g v+kye Fkk fd ,d erZckvkids[k++yhQ+k v+CnqYykg kkg lkg+c dkscknkkg eqg+Eenkkg usmudh d+;kexkg ij g+kft+j gksdj dqN uT+j iskdj nh Fkh rks g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr usl[+r ukjkt+xhdk bt+gkj djrs gq, Q+jek;k% ^^ge tkurs gSa rqEgkjh[+okfgk eqykd+kr dh u Fkh ysfdu vxj cknkkg dsvkusdh [k+cj fey xbZ Fkh rks rqEgs og txg NksM+ nsuhpkfg, FkhA** vkxsQ+jek;k% ^^Q+d+hj rksrqEgkjs fnykssa dks


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vYykg ds uke ls jksku djrk gS vkSj rqe vius fnyij eqg+Een kkg dk uke fy[krsgksA**

;g g+qT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dsQ+St+ku gh dk vl+jgS fd ekStwnk nkSj esa Hkh mudsokfjl+kstkukhu gqdwer ol+jor ls[+kqn dks csfu;kt+j[krs gSaA

flyfly&,&d+knfj;k cjdkfr;k ds 33oas kS[ks+rjhd+r gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr us iwjh ft+Unxh et+gcsbLyke vkSj lqUurs jlwy dh f[k+ner esa xqt+kj nh] utkusfdrus ohjku fnyksadksvkckn fd;kA vki rQ+lhjg+nhl+] fQ+D+g] efUrd+] rkjh[k+] kk;jh lc esa csfel+kylykfg+;rksadsg+kfey FksA c`t Hkkkk ds,slscM+skk;j Fksfd ekgwj ekfgjs fylkfu;kr (Linguistics) izksQ+sljelwn g+lu [k+k usvius rkjh[k+smnZw T+kqcku o vnc dseqd+n~nes esafy[kk fd **Hkkkk dh kk;jh kkg cjdrqYykgiseh dh kk;jh dscx+Sj v/kwjh gSA**

lkfg+cqy cjdkr usreke fj;kt+rksa] b+cknrksavkSjlqywd o rlOoqQ+dh eaft+yksadslQ+j djusdsckoqtwnfdrkcksa ds eqrkys dk cgqr kkSd+ j[krs vkSj [+kqn HkhfdrkcsarluhQ+Q+jekrsA pgkj vuokv+] loky o tokc]etem+y cjdkr] c;kt+s t+kfgj o ckfru] fjlkykrdlhj] v+okfjQ+s fgUnh] fjlkyk rlOoqQ+] olh;rukekox+Sjk vkidh d+yeh ;knxkj gSaA

lkfg+cqy cjdkr dk kqekj ml nkSj esact Hkkkk]v+jch vkSj Q+kjlh ds eqErkt+ kk;jksa esa FkkA nhokusQ+kjlh] ise izdkk] eLuoh fj;kt+sb+d+] :d+v+krslwfQ+;kvkidh kk;jh dh rluhQ+kr gSaA lkfg+cqy cjdkr Q+kjlh


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vkSj v+jch esa **b+d+h** vkSj fgUnh esa **iseh** r[k+YyqlQ+jekrsA

vkidh kknh l;n ekSnwn lkg+c dh lkg+ct+knh lsgqbZA vkidsnkslkg+ct+knsvkSj rhu lkg+ct+kfn;kgqbZaA cM+slkg+ct+knsl;n kkg vkyseqg+Een vkSj NksVsl;n kkgutkrqYykg jg+erqYykg v+ySfgek gSaA nksuksalkg+ct+knsokfynsekftn ds folky ds ckn lTtknkukhu gq,A cM+slkg+ct+kns dh fuLcr ls ekStwnk nkSj esa [k+kuoknk **cM+hljdkj** lstkuk tkrk gSvkSj NksVslkg+ct+knsdh vkSyknsaNksVs ljdkj ds uke ls ekgwj gSaA

gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr l;n kkg cjdrqYykg dkfolky v+kkwjk nloha eqg+jZe dh jkr 1142fgtjh@1729 b+Z0 dksekjgjk kjhQ+esagwvkA

uokc eqg+Een caxk [k+k okyh&,&Q+:Z[k+kckn gqT+kwjlkfg+cqy cjdkr dk v+d+hnrean vkSj cgqr f[k+nerxqt+kjFksA uokc caxk [k+k gh Q+d+r ,sls vehj Fks ftudksv+d+hnr vkSj bfUdlkjh dh otg g+t+jr dh ckjxkg esaf[k+nerxqt+kjh dk ekSd+k g+kfly FkkA mudh xqt+kfjk ij**elkfjQ+sesgekukusnjckjsekjgjk** dsuke ls nkstkxhjsafrydiqj vkSj nknuiqj lkfg+cqy cjdkr us dqcwyQ+jekbZaA uokc caxk [k+k us gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dsfolky ds ckn vkidk jkSt+k Hkh rkehj djk;kA

gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr v+ySfgjZg+ek ds cskqekj[+kqyQ+k Fks ftuesa ls pUn ekgwj [+kqyQ+k dk uke vkSjeq[k+rlj rv+k:Q+ ;gk ft+ fd;k tk jgk gSA

g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys eqg+ Een vkids cM+

lkgct+kns ftudk rt+fdjk vkxsvk jgk gSA


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kkg v+CnYykg% vki ekjgjk dsjgusokysFksvkSjbudk rv+Yyqd+T+kqcSjh [k+kunku lsFkkA fgUnh esa kk;jhdjrsFksA 1140 fgtjh esabUrd+ky gqvkA

kkg eqkrkd+y cjdkr% ;g lkfg+cqy cjdkr dscgqr pghrs [k+yhQ+k FksA budk folky 11 lQ+j 1167fgtjh esagqvkA

kkg jkt% ;g fcyxzke ds ckfkUns Fks vkSj l;nvcqy Q+jg+dh vkSykn esaFksA budk bfUrd+ky 1143 esagqvkA

kkg lkfnd+% ;g d+lck HkjxSu ft+yk ,Vk dsjgus okys FksA oghaij folky Q+jek;kA


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cqjgkuqy eqokfgnhu g+t+jr l;n kkg

vkyseqg+ Een jg+erqYykg vySg

vki g+t+jr l;n kkg cjdrqYykg lkg+c dscM+s

lkg+ct+kns gSaA vki gh dh fulcr ls vkt ekStwnk[k+kuoknk cM+h ljdkj dsuke ls tkuk tkrk gSA

vkidh foyknr 18 jet+ku 1111 fgtjh esafcyxzke esa gqbZA reke t+kfgjh vkSj :g+kuh rkyhekrvius okfyns ekftn ls g+kfly Q+jekbZaA vkidks cSv+rksf[k+ykQ+r vius okfyns ekftn lkfg+cqy cjdkr ls FkhAvki [k+kuokn&,&cjdkfr;k dsmu cqT+kqxksaZ esagSaftu ijb+cknr ukt+ djrh gSA vki tSlh b+cknr o fj;kt+r]

eqtkgnk vkSj lqywd dh jkgsaikus okyh esg+ur fdlh usu Q+jekbZA 18 lky eqdEey fj;kt+r vkSj v+efy;kr esaekxwy jgs] rhu lky rd ,frdkQ+ Q+jek;kA b+cknrdh dl+jr ls lj esa xM~


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**g+t+jr kkg vkys eqg+Een ls gqT+kwj lkfg+cqycjdkr dks [+kqlwlh yxko vkSj csiukg eqg+Ccr FkhA iwjhft+Unxh vki vius okfynscqT+kqxZokj dst+sjslk;k Q+q;wt+kscjdkr g+kfly djrs jgs] ,d yEg+s ds fy;s Hkh mulstqnk u gksrsA vxj g+t+jr kkg vkyseqg+Een fdlh kjb+Zotg dh fcuk ij efLtn dh uekt+scktekv+r esakjhdu gks ikrs rks gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr Q+jekrs fd vkteq>s uekt+ dh g+ykor u fey ldhA g+t+jr okfynsekftn Hkh nknktku ds csg+n kSnkbZ Fks] vkidh eqg+Ccrviusokfyn lsc;ku ughadh tk ldrhA vki viuhreke el:fQ+;kr lsgqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dksck[k+cjj[krsA** vkils cM+h cM+h djkersa t+kfgj gqbZaA vkidsnjckj esa geskk Q+d+hjksa vkSj njoskksa dk etek jgrkAvkids njckj esa g+kft+j jgus okys lc vQ+jkn v+kfyest+kfgjks ckfru FksA vkius,d cM+h rknkn esat+:jreanksadksf[k+ykQ+r ls uokt+kA

vkids okfyns ekftn us lkfydksa dh rjfc;rvkids ft+Ees dj nh Fkh] ;g dke vki cM+h [+kwch dslkFk vUtke nsrs jgsA g+t+jr g+et+k ,+suh jg+erqYykgv+ySg rg+jhj Q+jekrs gSa%

g+t+jrsokyk dh rjfc;r dk vUnkt+;g Fkk fdvxj nwljs ekkb[k+ dk g+kft+jckk dksbZ ,slk njoskvkidh f[k+ner esa g+kft+j gksrk ftlus d+kbns ls jkgslqywd r; u dh vkSj vHkh chp jkLrsgh esaBgjk gqvk gS;k igys gh d+ne ij g+knl+s dk fkdkj gS rks g+t+jrml k[+l dks mUgha ot+kbQ+ vkSj vkeky ds t+fj;seaft+y ij igqpkrstksigysmldsks[k+us mlscrk, Fks


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og njosk g+Sjku gkstkrk vkSj le>rk fd ;g esjsks[k+dh djker gS fQj vius ks[k+ ls mldh v+d+hnr vkSjcs[+kqnk dh ;kn esalSjkch ughagksrhA eSa;knsbykgh dstquwu esajguk pkgrkgw ysfdu gksughaikrkA g+t+jr usQ+jek;k% bldk tokcckn esansaxsA ;g dgdj [k+kfne dksgqDe gqvk fd budksgqtjsesacktjsdh jksVh vkSj eNyh nsdj vkxslsnjokt+kcUn dj nksA twu dh xehZFkh og lkg+c ;g fx+t+k [kkdjikuh ds fy;s rM+ius yxs ysfdu njokt+k rks cUn Fkkfygkt+k rM+irsgh jgsvkf[k+jdkj kke esa ckgj fudkykx;k rc g+t+jr usQ+jek;k% rqedksD;k iwNuk gS\ iwNks!rc og lkg+c rM+idj cksys% eq>sikuh pkfg;sA ;g dSlkfut+ke fd fcuk ikuh dscUn dj fn;k] eSaI;kl lsrM+ix;k] gj txg ikuh gh ikuh ut+j vkrk FkkA g+t+jr useqLdqjkdj Q+jek;k% vxj bl rM+i ls [+kqnk dks ;knfd;k gksrk rks[+kqnk dh ;kn esaHkh lSjkch gkstkrhA cl!bu lkg+c dkstokc fey x;kA ;g Fkk lqywdksekfjQ+rdh rkyhe dk vkys eqg+Eenh rjhd+k ftlls bUlku dkseaft+ysed+lwn feyrh gSA

ekSykuk rqQ+Sy brjkSyoh fcyxzkeh g+kft+js f[k+nergq, vkSj pUn ckfruh roTtksdsfy;srM+iusyxsA yksxmBkdj [k+kud+kg esa yk,] gkFk iSj dh ekfyk dh]l;nquk kkg vkys eqg+Een T+kqgj dh uekt+ cktekv+rvkSj nwljsekewykr lsQ+kfjx+gkspqdsrc rkjhQ+yk,]ekSykuk dks mBkdj lhuk eqckjdk ls yxk;k vkSj


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rlYyh nhA vc ekSykuk dsrvL+lqjkr eqykg+t+k dhft;sAg+t+jr ,+suh jg+erqYykg vySfg Q+jekrs gSa% ekSykuk us vtZfd;k% eSanqfu;k NksM+rk gw vkSj ckd+h m+ez bl vklrkusdsrysjgdj blh ckjxkg dh [k+kd dksviuh clhjro clkjr dk lqjek cukrk gwA eSa cgqr ls vkSfy;kvYykg dh ckjxkg esa g+kft+j gqvk ysfdu tks rfiksb+d+;gk ns[kh og dghau feyh------vc esjh ;g iqjkkSd+vkjT+kwdqcwy dhft;s] m+ezvkf[k+j eaft+y dks igqph] vc;gh csgrj gS fd ckd+h ft+Unxh bl ckjxkg esa xqt+jtk,A g+t+jr okfyns ekftn us cgqr fnynkjh dh]fnyklk fn;k vkSj Qjek;k fd vHkh vki viusHkkb;ksadsbl d+kfQ+ysdksviusoru fcyxzke igqpk nsa fQj tceSa c qyk rc vki vk tk, fQj mUgsa cgqr T+;knkrlYyh nsfnykdj :[k+lr fd;kA

vkidh kknh vkids g+d+hd+h ppk kkgv+t+erqYykg dh lkg+ct+knh lsgqbZftulsg+t+jr l;nkkg g+et+k ,+suh vkSj g+t+jr l;n kkg g+D+d+kuhjg+erqYykg v+ySfgek vkSj ,d lkg+ct+knh iSnk gqbZaA

vkidh oQ+kr 16 jet+ku 1164 fgtjh esaekjgjkkjhQ+ esa gqbZA lkfg+cqy cjdkr ds jkSt+sds lkeus ,dvyx b+ekjr esavki vkjke Q+jek gSaA

vkids [+kqyQ+k dh rknkn kqekj ls ckgj gSvycRrk pUn ekgwj [+kqyQ+k ds uke ;s gSa%

g+t+jr l;n kkg g+et+k ,+suh] g+t+jr l;n kkgeqg+Een g+D+d+kuh] g+t+jr kkg cqT+kqxZ ekjgjoh] g+t+jreq+rh tykyqn~nhu] g+t+jr kkg eqg+Een kkfdjjg+erqYykg v+ySfge vteb+ZuA


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kgt+kn, lkfgcqy cjdkr g+t+jr l;n kkg

utkrqYykg **kkg fe;k** jgerqYykg vySg

vki gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr dsNksVslkg+ct+kns gSaA25 tqekny vkf[k+j 1117 fgtjh dksfcyxzke esaiSnk gq,

vkSj oghaiysc.Mk cqyUn fd;sgq, gSaA fnyksadksft+Unk djus esaelhg+k

gSaA vkidsyqRQ+ksdje lsVwVsfnyksadkslqdwu g+kfly gqvkAvPNh rchv+r vkSj m+Enk t+kSd+j[krsgSa] vPNh kk;jh djusesaegkjr g+kfly gSA bl n;kj dh ,d nqfu;k vkilseqjhngksdj Q+kbnk mBk jgh gSA**


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vkidk fudkg+ l;n yqRQqYykg fcu l;ndkQ+h dh rhljh lkg+ct+knh ls gqvk ftlls vkids nkslkg+ct+knsl;n kkg beke m+Q+Z kkg xnk vkSj l;nkkg ed+cwy v+kye m+Q+Z kkg lksa/kk vkSj ,d lkg+ct+knhcwcw lkfg+ck gqbZa tks vius cM+s ppk ds lkg+ct+kns kkgg+D+d+kuh lseUlwc Fkhaexj fudkg+dh ukScr u vkbZ vkSjm+ezdksigqp dj bfUrd+ky fd;kA

l;n beke m+Q+Z kkg xnk lkg+c vkids cM+slkg+ct+kns FksA vkidh foyknr 1138 fgtjh esa gqbZAvkidk fudkg+ l;n v+t+heqn~nhu fcu l;n utkcrfcu l;n v+CnqYykg dh csVh lsgqvk vkSj nkslkg+ct+knsl;n kkg cjdkr c[+k fHkdkjh lkg+c vkSj l;n kkgutkr c[+k Q+d+hj lkg+c iSnk gq,A

l;n kkg ed+cwy v+kye m+Q+Z kkg lksa/kk vkidsnwljs lkg+ct+kns gSaA foyknr 1140 fgtjh esa gqbZ vkSjfolky 19 kkcku 1113 fgtjh easgqvkA vkidk fudkg+l;n eqg+Een ;g+;k fcu l;n eqfg+CcqYykg dh rhljhlkg+ct+knh lsgqvk ftuls,d lkg+ct+knsl;n e[k+newv+kye I;kjs lkg+c vkSj ,d lkg+ct+knh iSnk gqbZaA

l;n kkg utkrqYykg lkg+c jg+erqYykg v+ySg dkfolky 29 kkcku 1190 fgtjh esagqvk vkSj viuscM+sHkkbZg+t+jr l;n kkg vkys eqg+Een ds igyw esa n+u gq,A


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vlknqy v+kfjQ+hu gt+jr l;n kkg

g+et+k **,+uh** ekjgjoh jgerqYykg vySg

g+t+jr vlnqy v+kfjQ+hu l;n kkg g+et+k ,+suhekjgjoh jg+erqYykg v+ySg g+t+jr kkg vkyseqg+Een ds

cM+s lkg+ct+knsFksA vki 14 jchm+L+l+kuh 1131 fgtjh dhlqcg+ ekjgjk kjhQ+ esa iSnk gq,A g+t+jr kkg g+et+kv+ySfgjZg+ek vius nkSj ds lkfg+cs tyky vkSj Q+T+yksdeky cqT+kqxZ gSaA vkidk kqekj viusnkSj dscgqr eqErkt+v+kfeyksa esa gksrk FkkA nqv+k, lSQ+h tks ,d cgqr ghtykyh ot+hQ+k gSml ot+hQ+sdsvki ekfgjhu esakqekjfd;s tkrs FksA ljdkj g+et+k dh og Nqfj;k vkt Hkh[k+kunkuscjdkr dsrc:Zdkr esaekStwn gSaftu ij vki

nqv+k, lSQ+h frykor Q+jekrsFksAvkidk cpiu viusnknk gqT+kwj lkfg+cqy cjdkr

dh rjfc;r esachrkA pkj cjl dh m+ezesa gqT+kwj lkfg+cqycjdkr usviuh Vksih eqckjd] lSyh ,d rjg dh dejesa ck/kusdh isVh vkSj **cM+s fe;k** dk f[k+rkc b+uk;rQ+jek;kA vkius rkyhe vius okfyns ekftn kElqymYek l;n eqg+Een ckd+j vkSj ks[k+yqn~/kk fcyxzkeh lsg+kfly dhA

cpiu gh ls t+gkur vkSj djker ds vkl+kjiskkuh ij jkSku FksA g+t+jr lkfg+cqy cjdkr vkils[+kqlwlh eqg+Ccr Q+jekrsA okfynsekftn g+t+jr l;nukvkyseqg+Een usviuh b+cknrksadsreke jax vkidksv+rkQ+jek fn,A


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l;n kkg g+et+k viusokfyn dsuD+ksd+ne ijiwjsrkSj lsd+k;e FksA tc lTtknkukhu gq, rksiwjsrkSjls[+kqn dksvkys eqg+Eenh jax esa jax fy;k] lkjsekewykr]vkeky] vkx+ky] eqjhnhu vkSj [+kqyQ+k dh rjfc;r lcdqN vkyseqg+Eenh lhjr dk uewuk FkkA

vki rgTtqn dscM+sikcUn Fksblfy;s,d frgkbZjkr ckd+h jgrs gh tkx tkrsvkSj rgTtqn dh uekt+vnk Q+jekrs fQj ft+s [+kqnkoUnh esa yx tkrsA uekt+sQ+tz dh lqUursavOoy oD+r esai


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vYykg ds eg+cwc cUns vkSj brkv+r xqt+kjoyh&,&dkfey vkSj dqrqcqy vd+rkcA

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Q+d+hj dk ?kj rksvYykg dk ?kj gS tksgj ,d dsfy;s[kqyk jgrk gS**

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g+t+jr ,+suh dh vnch lykfg+;rsa dSlh jkSku Fkhabldh nyhy mudsdyke lst+kfgj gSA g+t+jr g+et+k usQ+kjlh T+kqcku esatks kk;jh Q+jekbZ mldh lykyr vkSj


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jokuh ns[kus ds d+kfcy gSA d+lhnk x+kSfl+;k mudk ,dv+t+he kkgdkj gS ftldh iwjh b+ckjr ljdkjsd+knfj;rdsv+d+hnreanksa ds fy;s ot+hQ+k dh g+Sfl+;r j[krk gSA

x+kSl+svkt+e c&euscs&ljkslkek ennsfd+Cy&,&nhaenns] dkc&,&bZek enns

vkidk fudkg+ l;n eqg+Een fcyxzkeh dhlkg+ct+knh n;kur Q+kfrek ls gqvk ftuls vkids rhulkg+ct+kns kEls ekjgjk l;n kkg vkys vg+en vPNsfe;k] l;n kkg vkys cjdkr lqFkjs fe;k] l;n kkgvkys gqlSu lPps fe;k vkSj ,d lkg+ct+knh l;nkokfQ+;k csxe gqbZaA

14 eqg+jZeqy g+jke 1198 b+Z0 dksg+t+jr l;n kkgg+et+k ,+uh v+ySfgjZg+ek dk folky gqvkA njxkgscjdkfr;k ekjgjk ds vUnj iRFkj dh ,d [+kqkuqeklgnjh esa vkidk et+kjs eqckjd gSA

g+t+jr l;n kkg g+et+k ,+suh v+ySfgjZg+ek ds[+kqyQ+k esavkidslkg+ct+knxku vkSj NksVsHkkbZ dsv+ykokbu g+t+jkr ds uke [k+kl rkSj lsd+kfcys ft+ gSa%

g+t+jr kkg ulh:n~nhu yax] g+t+jr kkgfg++T+kqYykg] g+t+jr kkg jet+kuqYykg] g+t+jr kkgjg+heqYykg] g+t+jr kkg nhnkj v+yh] g+t+jr kkglSQqYykg jg+erqYykg v+ySfge vteb+ZuA


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v+kfyesjCckuh cjdkrslkuh gt+jr l;n kkg

eqg+EEn gD+d+kuh jg+erqYykg vySg

g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Een g+D+d+kuh fe;k] ljdkjsdyk g+t+jr l;n kkg vkyseqg+Een dsNksVslkg+ct+kns

FksA [k+kud+kgh cjdrksalsekykeky ?kjkusesa1145 fgtjhdh fdlh eqckjd lqcg+ dks ekjgjk kjhQ+esa iSnk gq,Aokfyns ekftn] okfynk ekftnk x+uher Q+kfrek vkSjfcjknjs eqv+T+t+e l;n g+et+k tSls ehukj&,&fgnk;rvkidh rjfc;r] b+Ye dh Q+jkgeh vkSj kf[+l;r lkt+hds fy;svki dsikl users[+kqnkoanh dsrkSj ij ekStwnFksA budh jguqekbZ vkSj kQ+d+rksa esa vkius [+kqn dksltk;k] lokjkA dqjvku] g+nhl+] rQ+lhj] mlwys fQ+D+g ds

lkFk reke jkbt Q+uksadh rkyhe viuscqT+kqxksaZ lsg+kflyQ+jekbZ ysfdu :g+kuh rjfc;rsa [+kqlwlh rkSj ls viusokfynsekftn ls g+kfly dhA vkidks fdrkcsa i


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dslkFk rkehj djk;k] bl ckx+ esa rjg rjg dsQyvkSj esos iSnk gksrsFksA

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kElsfeYyrk on~nhu] kElsekjgjk l;nuk kkg

vcqy Q+T+y vky vg+en

gTkwj vPN lkg+c jg+erqYykg vyg

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g+t+jr okfyns ekftn us nh FkhAgqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dsfy;sdh xbZ ckkjr v+eyesavkbZ] [k+kunkus cjdkr dk uke vkids Q+St+ku lsiwjhnqfu;k esajkSku gqvkA vkidk Q+St+ku v+jcksvte esav+kegqvk] x+kSl+s vkt+e ds nfj;k&,&d+jnhfj;r ls vkius


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viusxqykeksadkslSjkc fd;kA vkidksviuh t+kfgjh ockfruh rkyhe dslkjstkSgj viusokfynsekftn l;nkkg g+et+k ,+suh ekjgjoh ls g+kfly gq,A Q+Uus frCcg+dhe ul:Yykg ekjgjoh ls g+kfly fd;kA vkidh:g+kuh rjfc;r ljdkj x+kSl+svkt+e usQ+jekbZ] okfynsekftn ls cSv+rks f[k+ykQ+r ls ljQ+jkt+ gq,] okfynsekftn dsfolky dsckn lTtkn, cjdkfr;k ij jkSud+vQ+jkst+gq, vkSj 37 lky rd lTtkn, cjdkfr;k dksjkSud+ c[+khA ,d v+kye us ml nkSj esa vkidh t+krseqckjd lsQ+St+ku g+kfly fd;kA u tkus fdrusxqejkgvkSj va/ksjksaesaHkVd jgs yksx vkidh ,d fuxkgsdje lslh/kk jkLrk ik x,A

gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk x+kSl+svkt+e dh uk,cseqryd+Fks] vkidh ft+Unxh ds ekewykr ,sls gh Fks tSls x+kSl+svkt+e dsuk,c dsgksuspkfg;sA fnu e[k+ywd+s[+kqnk dhf[k+ner vkSj [k+Sj[+okgh esa xqt+jrk] jkr vius jc dhckjxkg esa ltn&,&kq esaA gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk mlnkSj esa tyok vQ+jkst+ Fkstcfd eSnkus b+Yeks v+ey esarlOoqQ+ vkSj ev+fjQ+r dh cM+h cM+h gfLr;k rkjhQ+j[krh FkhaA kkg v+Cnqy v+t+ht+ eqg+fn~nl+ nsg~yoh]jQ+hm+n~nhu eqg+fn~nl+ nsgyoh] d+kt+h l+ukmYykgikuhirh] cg+:y m+ywe eqYyk eqg+Een v+yh m+Lekuh ox+SjkvkSj buds njfe;ku gekjs vkd+k&,&user gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk ,d vyx igpku j[krs FksA lcdh ut+j vxjdgha tkdj fVdrh Fkh rks ekjgjk ds kEls feYyron~nhu ijA


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gqT+kwj x+kSl+ikd dh ckjxkg esavkidh ed+cwfy;rdh kku gh fujkyh FkhA viuseqjhnksadsuke olh;rukesesa ftl xgjh fulcr o v+d+hnr dslkFk x+kSl+svkt+edh t+kr esaQ+uk gksusdstT+csdkst+kfgj Q+jek;k] ogbl rjg gS%

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blh v+d+hnr dk urhtk Fkk fd x+kSl+s vkt+e usvius dje ls mUgsa viuk uk,c cuk;kA ljdkjs x+kSl+svkt+e dh ,slh b+uk;r gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk ij Fkh fdcgqr ls yksxksa dks[+okc esa ckkjr gksrh fd vPNs fe;kls eqjhn gks tkvksA ;gh ugha cx+nkns eqv+Yyk ls [+kqnvius kgt+knsdks ckfruh deky g+kfly djusds fy;sgqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk dh f[k+ner esa Hkst fn;kA ;g ckrljdkjsx+kSl+dh ckjxkg esagqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dsed+keo erZcsdks le>usdsfy;sdkQ+h gSA

[k+kunkus m+Lekuh cnk;w kjhQ+ ds peks fpjkx+g+t+jr ekSykuk kkg ,+suqy g+d+ v+Cnqy ethn d+knjhcnk;wuh jg+erqYykg v+ySg Hkh ljdkjs x+kSl+s vkt+e dsbkkjs ij gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dh ckjxkg esa g+kft+j gq,vkSj eqjhn gksdj f[k+ykQ+r g+kfly dhA

mudh cSv+r dk okd+;k ;g gqvk fd kkg ,+suqyg+d+ jg+erqYykg v+ySg gqT+kwj vPNslkg+c dh ckjxkg esag+kft+j gq, ysfdu cx+Sj cSv+r eqjhn gq, ;g dgrsgq,okil gq, fd **;gk Hkh ph nqdku vkSj Qhdk idoku


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gS** cnk;w kjhQ+igqpdj g+t+jr lqYrkuqy v+kfjQ+hu cM+sljdkj jg+erqYykg v+ySg dsvkLrkusij vkjke Q+jekusds fy;s Bgjs] [+okc esa ns[kk fd ljdkjs cx+nkn dknjckj ltk gS vkSj x+kSfl+;r evkc usbkkjk Q+jek;k fd**,+suqy g+d+ dk gkFk vPNs fe;k ds gkFk esa ns fn;ktk,A** gqT+kwj kkg ,+suqy g+d+Q+kSju gh ekjgjk dh rjQ+jokuk gq, vkSj gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dsd+neksaesa cs&lk[+rkfxj iM+sA gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk us eqLdqjkrs gq, Q+jek;k%fe;k! ;gk rksph nqdku vkSj Qhdk idoku gSA ysfdubkkjk gks pqdk Fkk fygkt+k cSv+rks f[k+ykQ+r ds lkFklkFk viuk lkFk v+rk Q+jek;k fd mldsckn gqT+kwj kkg,+suqy g+d+lkg+c usviuseqfkZn dk nj u NksM+k ftldkbuke ;g gqvk fd gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk us Q+jek;k%d+;ker dsfnu [+kqnk tc iwNsxk fd esjsfy;s D;k yk,gks\ rks eSa ekSyoh v+Cnqy ethn dks isk dj nwxkAvQ+t+yqy v+chn vkSj vg+Ccqy [+kqyQ+k tSls yd+c v+rkQ+jek,A

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vki vius nkSj dscM+s ekfgj g+dhe Hkh FksA ckrksackrksaesa fdlh ekewyh nok vkSj nj[+r dsiRrksalsejht+dk b+ykt+Q+jek fn;k djrsFksA ekSyoh eqtkfgnmn~nhut+kfdj cnk;wuh vius okfynsekftn dk okd+;k fy[krsgq, QjekrsgSafd esjs okfynsekftn dh vk[kksaesal[+rnnZ kq: gqvk vkSj ,slk nnZ gqvk fd og rdyhQ+ lsph[k+usyxsA rksml oD+r ekSyoh v+Cnqy ethn dksesjkg+ky ekywe gqvk rksmUgksaus okfynsekftn dh rdyhQ+dkskElsekjgjk lsc;ku fd;kA g+t+jr usQ+jek;k fdgekjh lqjkg+h ls ikuh ystkvksvkSj /kksnks] vYykg fkQ+knsxkA ekSyoh lkg+c us gqDe dh rkehy dh vkSj viusgkFk lsmudh vk[ksa/kks nha] nnZ Q+kSju dkQwj gqvkA lqcg+tc g+t+jr dh ckjxkg esa g+kft+j gq, rks g+t+jr lsQ+jek;k% gqT+kwj vkidsfn;s gq, ikuh ls eq>s cgqr vkjkegqvkA


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gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk us cM+h eqg+Ccr ls bjkknQ+jek;k% HkkbZ! ikuh esa dqN cjdr ugha Fkh ;g ekSyohv+Cnqy ethn dsgkFk dh cjdr gS] budsgkFkksaesacgqrrkl+hj gSA

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**c;kt+s v+ey o ekewy** esa og ot+kbQ+ ov+efy;kr gSatks [k+kunkus cjdkr dk ekewy gSmldksgqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk us tek Q+jek;k gSA gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dk lcls cM+k dkjukek **vkbZu&,&vg+enh** gStkskk;n Q+rkok v+kyexhjh ds ckn lclscM+k et+gchbUlkbZDyksihfM;k gS ftldks vkys vg+enbUlkbZDyksihfM;k Hkh dg ldrsgSaA **vkbZu&,&vg+enh**flQ+Z ,d fdrkc ughacfYd ,d eqdEey dqrqc[k+kusdhg+Sfl+;r j[krh gSA ml nkSj dsrkjh[k+fy[kusokysmYekus **vkbZu&,&vg+enh** dks33 ftYnksaesa crk;k gSA

gqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk us 37 lky rd elunscjdkfr;k dksjkSud+c[+kh vkSj bu 37 cjlksa esagt+kjksayk[kksayksxksausviuh t+kfgjh o ckfruh I;kl cq>kbZ vkSjvkt Hkh [+kqnk ds gt+kjksa cUns vkids t+fj;s ls Q+St+kusx+kSl+svkt+e ls fg+LLkk ik jgs gSaA

dQ+ksdjker vkSj cqyUn fuxkgh dk og v+kyeFkk fd ,d k[+l fdlh xko dk gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dhckjxkg esag+kft+j gqvk] cM+k etek Fkk] fny esa;g [+;kydjusyxk fd gqT+kwj dh f[k+ner esarkslSdM+ksayksx eqjhngksusdsfy;sg+kft+j gksrsgSarksg+t+jr dksHkyk D;k ;knjgsxk fd ;g gekjk eqjhn gS\ cl! g+t+jr kElsekjgjkus mldks [+kqlwfl;r ls cqyk;k] [k+Sfj;r iwNh] xko dk


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g+ky tkuk vkSj bjkkn Q+jek;k% rqeus vius eoskh dslkFk xko okyksadspkSik;stkstaxy esa ys tkrsgksmuesaviuk ijk;k dSlsigpku ysrs gks\ mlusv+t+Z fd;k fdge xysesaMksjk Mky nsrsgSaA cl! rHkh Q+jek;k% blhrjg Q+d+hj Hkh vius xYys dks [+kwc [+kwc igpkurk gSmudsxysesa,d eqg+Ccr dk Mksjk c/kk gksrk gSA vkids[+kqyQ+k esaviusoD+r dst;n m+yek] Q+qt+yk] Q+qd+jk olwfQ+;k vkSj [+kqn muds ihj[k+kusdscqyUn erZck g+t+jkrkkfey gSaA

gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk yksxksadks ot+hQ+svkSj vkekyde crkrsvYykg dsQ+T+y ls flQ+Z T+kqckus vd+nl lsQ+jek nsrs rkst+:jreanksadh t+:jr iwjh gkstkrhA

ljdkj kElsekjgjk dkstukc x+kSfl+;r evkc ls,slh v+d+hnr vkSj eqg+Ccr Fkh fd vki viuslxsHkrhtsg+t+jr kkg xqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehj v+kye ls gqT+kwjx+kSl+sikd dsuke dh fuLcr fugk;r eqg+Ccr Q+jekrsAtc g+t+jr nLrj[+oku ij gksrs rks lcls igys g+t+jrkkg xqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu lkg+c dks f[kykrs vkSj ckn esa[+kqn [kkrsA

gtjr kkg xqyke eqfg+;qn~nhu vehj v+kyelkg+c vius eyQwt+kr esaQ+jekrs gSa% ,d erZck g+t+jrvPNs fe;k lkg+c lTtknk ukhuh ds edku esa rUgkrkjhQ+Q+jek Fks] vUnj tkus dh fdlh dksbtkt+r uFkhA eSa NksVk lk Fkk] [ksyrk gqvk njokt+s rd x;k]vUnj tkuk pkgk rks [k+kfne us Hkh jksdk ij eSa dgkekuusokyk] fdokM+[kksydj tYnh lsvUnj ?kql x;kAeSausns[kk vUnj g+t+jr vPNsfe;k nkscqT+kqxksaZls cSBs dqN


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[kksyh rks ns[kk vPNsfe;k lkeus[kM+s gSaA Q+jek;k% ns[kks!ge ;gk Hkh vk x,A ;g ns[kuk Fkk fd cksry t+ehu ijnsekjh fd fe;k ihNk ughaNksM+saxs fygkt+k rkSck djrkgwA

vkidk fudkg+l;n kkg xqyke v+yh fcyxzkehdh lkg+ct+knh lsgqvkA ,d lkg+ct+knsg+t+jr lkbZafe;kvkSj ,d lkg+ct+knh iSnk gqbZaA

vkidk folkys eqckjd 17 jchm+y vOoy 1235fgtjh tqesjkr dsfnu 75 lky dh m+ez kjhQ+esagqvkAviustn~nsvkyk g+t+jr kkg cjdrqYykg dsck, igywesa vkjke Q+jek gSaA

ljdkjskElsekjgjk ds [+kqyQ+k vkSj eqjhnhu fxusughatk ldrsA fgUn] v+jc] :e] kke] Q+kjl ls[+kqnk dsgt+kjksacUnsvius[k+kfyd+dh ryc esag+kft+j gksrsvkSjdke;kc tkrsA vkidh t+kr lsf[k+ykQ+r ikusokys pUn[+kqkulhc g+t+jkr ;g gSa% g+t+jr l;n kkg vkyscjdkr lqFkjs fe;k vkids ea>ys HkkbZ] g+t+jr l;nkkg [k+Sjkr v+yh dkYioh] g+t+jr kkg ,+suqy g+d+v+Cnqyethn cnk;wuh] g+t+jr ekSykuk fut+keqn~nhu v+Ccklh]g+t+jr ekSykuk ulh:n~nhu m+Lekuh cnk;wuh] g+t+jrd+kt+h v+CnqLlyke v+Ccklh] g+t+jr ekSykuk lykermYykg dQ+h ox+Sjk jg+erqYykg v+ySfge vteb+ZuA


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fljktqLlkfydhu gt+jr l;n kkg vkyscjdkr

lFkjsfe;k lkgc jg+erqYykg vyg

g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys cjdkr lqFkjs fe;k

lkg+c] gqT+kwj l;n kkg g+et+k dse>yslkg+ct+knsgSaAvkidh foyknr 10 jtc 1163 fgtjh esaekjgjk kjhQ+esagqbZA

okfyns ekftn us vkidh rkyheks rjfc;rQ+jekbZA nwljs b+Yeks Q+u ds lkFk Q+Uus frCc dh rkyheHkh g+kfly dhA vius okfyns ekftn g+t+jr g+et+k dsgkFk ij cSr eqjhn gq, vkSj f[k+ykQ+r g+kfly dhAblds v+ykok gqT+kwj vPNs fe;k ls Hkh f[k+ykQ+r g+kfly

FkhA g+t+jr lqFkjsfe;k cgqr de eqjhn Q+jekrs FksA viuslkg+ct+knksa ds v+ykok flQ+Z dqrqcs Xokfy;j g+t+jrg+kfQ+t+ ulh:n~nhu v+ySfgjZg+ek dks f[k+ykQ+r v+rkQ+jekbZA

vkidh Q+t+hyr bl ckr lst+kfgj gS fd ckjglky dh m+ez lsysdj 90 lky dh m+ez rd vkeky ofonZ o ot+hQ+k esayxsjgsA dq+jvkusikd dh frykor dk;g g+ky Fkk fd gt+kjksa ugha yk[kksa ckj dq+jvkus ikdeqdEey Q+jek;kA nqv+k&,&fg+t+sZ;ekuh yk[kksackj i


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ij vkidslkg+ct+knsu s og iV~Vh vkidsuk[+kqu ls[khapyh rksns[kk fd uk[+kqu ij **vYykg** fy[kk gqvk gSA tcg+t+jr dslkg+ct+kns us muls iwNk% ;g dSlsgqvk\ rksbjkkn Q+jek;k fd gj uekt+esa tc ;g mxyh vYykgrv+kyk dh og+nkfu;r dh kgknr nsrh gS rks vxj blij bruk Hkh vl+j u vk, rksfny ij dSlsvl+j gksxk\;g Fkk g+t+jr lqFkjs fe;k dh b+cknr o fj;kt+r dkv+kyeA

vkidk igyk fudkg+l;n eqg+Een vg+lu lkg+cdh csVh ls gqvk ftulsl;n vkys beke tqEek fe;kiSnk gq,A nw ljk fudkg+ ckjcadh ds lknkr esa d+kt+hl;n xqyke kkg gqlSu lkg+c fcyxzkeh dh lkg+ct+knhQ+t+y Q+kfrek lsgqvk ftuls [k +kfreqy vdkfcj l;nkkg vkys jlwy vg+enh] l;n kkg vkSykns jlwy]l;n kkg xqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehj v+kye jg+erqYykgv+ySfgek vkSj ik p lkg+ct+kfn;k iSnk gqbZaA

g+t+jr lqFkjsfe;k dk folky 90 lky dh m+ez esa26 jet+ku] 1251 fgtjh] luhpj dsfnu] T+kqgj dsoD+rgqvkA folky lsdqN lky igys vkiusolh;r dh Fkhfd eq>s g+t+jr g+et+k vkSj g+t+jr vkys eqg+Een dsnjfe;ku n+u fd;k tk,A folky ds ckn tc d+cz[kksnusdh rS;kjh gqbZ rksogk bruh txg njfe;ku esauFkh fd d+cz gks ldsA ukpkj nwljh txg d+cz ds fy;srS;kj gqbZA tc njxkg esavkidks n+u djus tk gh jgsFksfd g+t+jr l;n kkg vkysjlwy ml txg ij x,tgk g+t+jr lqFkjs fe;k lkg+c usolh;r Q+jekbZ Fkh rksns[kk fd mu nksuksa et+kjksa ds chp vPNh [k+klh txg


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ekStwn gSA g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys jlwy lkg+c us;gdjker reke g+kft+jhu dks fn[kkbZ ftlls lkQ+ ekywegqvk fd g+t+jr vkys eqg+Een lkg+c dk et+kj viuhtxg lsiwjc dh rjQ+ljd x;k gS vkSj viusy[+rsftxj jkg+rstku lqFkjs fe;k lkg+c ds fy;sviusvkSjviusQ+t+ZUn l;nuk kkg g+et+k lkg+c dsnjfe;ku esatxg dj nh gSA g+kft+jhu bl djker dksns[kdj cgqrrkTtqc esa iM+s vkSj fQj g+t+jr lqFkjs fe;k lkg+cjg+erqYykg v+ySg g+t+jr l;n kkg g+et+k vkSj g+t+jrl;n kkg vkyseqg+Een jg+erqYykg v+ySfgek dset+kjdsnjfe;ku n+u fd;s x,A

g+t+jr lqFkjs fe;k lkg+c us [k+kunku ls ckgjcgqr de yksxksadks f[k+ykQ+r lsuokt+k blfy;snhxjekkb[k+dh cfuLcr vkids[+kqyQ+k dh rknkn de gSAvkids[+kqyQ+k esa g+t+jr l;n kkg vkysjlwy vg+enh]g+t+jr l;n kkg vkSykns jlwy] g+t+jr l;n kkgxqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehj v+kye vkSj g+kfQ+t+ulh:n~nhujg+erqYykg v+ySfge vteb+Zu dsuke feyrsgSaA


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bekeqy okflyhu [kkfreqy vdkfcj g+t+jr l;n

kkg vkysjlwy vg+enh jgerqYykg vySg

vki g+t+jr lqFkjsfe;k lkg+c dsea>yslkg+ct+knsgSaA vkidh foyknr jtc 1209 fgtjh 1795 bZ0 esaekjgjk kjhQ+ esa gqbZA vki gekjs vkd+k&,&user gqT+kwjkEls ekjgjk ds pgsrs] ykMys vkSj eg+cwc eqjhn][k+yhQ+&,&vkt+e o tkukhu FksA vius okfyns ekftnlsHkh btkt+r o f[k+ykQ+r FkhA g+t+jr vPNsfe;k lkg+cds gqDe ij vkius ml nkSj ds t;n v+kfyeksa vkSjdkfeyksals lun vkSj btkt+r g+kfly Q+jekbZA bfCrknkbZrkyhe g+t+jr kkg ,+suqy g+d+lkg+c lsg+kfly dh fQjekSykuk lykerqYykg dQ+h vkSj ekSykuk v+Cnqy oklsv+lSnuiqjh] ekSykuk uw:y g+d+ y[kuoh ox+Sjk ls rkyheg+kfly dhA g+nhl+dh fdrkcsag+t+jr kkg v+Cnqy v+t+ht+eqg+fn~nl+ nsg~yoh ls i


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ekStwn FkhaA vius okfyn ds folky ds ckn elunscjdkfr;k vkysvg+efn;k ij tyok vQ+jkst+gq,] vkiviusrkSj rjhd+ksaesaviuseqfkZn gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dslPps tkukhu Fks] geskk fyckls njoskkuk esa jgrs]t+:jreanksa dks Hkh lqywd dk ogh v+ey vkSj rjhd+kcrkrs tks ucoh g+nhl+s ikd ls l+kfcr gSA ekeykr esau+l lscst+kjh tksvkids;gk Fkh og cgqr nqokj dkegSA viusokfyn dsfolky dsckn lkjsrc:Zdkr viusHkkb;ksadksnsfn;s mlesalsdksbZ fg+Llk u fy;kA viust+krh eky dks njxkg o [k+kud+kg esa [k+pZ Q+jek nsrsAnjxkg dh bfUrt+kfe;k desVh vkidseojslsgh d+k,egqbZA enjlk] edkukr] mYek o Q+qd+jk ds fy;s gqtjsrkehj djk,A beke] eqvfT+t+u vkSj njxkg dk fg+lkcj[kus ds fy;s fg+lkc djus okyk j[kk] njxkg dsekeykr] m+lZdk bfUrt+ke] esgekunkjh lc g+t+jr [+kqnQ+jekrsA m+lZcgqr lknk rjhd+slseqUv+fd+n djrs] ukr]eUd+cr] [k+Res dqjvku] nykbyqy [k+Sjkr vkSj yaxj ghij m+lZgksrkA Q+qT+kwy pht+ksals gqT+kwj [k+kfreqy vdkfcjdks cgqr ijgst+ FkkA fdlh dk Hkh kjhv+r dh g+n lsvkxs c


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tgwj g+lu uslqywd dksiwjk Q+jek fy;k rksgqDe gqvkfd rqEgkjs ?kj dh cM+h nkSyr ekSykuk v+Cnqy ethnlkg+c ds ikl gS] tkvks vkSj fg+Llk ys yksA g+t+jrekSykuk uslkg+ct+knsdk kgj ls ckgj vkdj bLrd+ckyfd;k vkSj mlh jkr g+t+jr kkg ,+suqy g+d+lkg+c] l;nT+kqgwj g+lu cM+s fe;k v+ySfgjZg+ek dsgqtjsds ckgj iwjhjkr [kM+s jgstc Q+tz dsoD+r lkg+ct+kns ckgj fudysrksns[kk fd ekSykuk kkg ,+suqy g+d+gkFk ck/ks[kM+sgSaAlkg+ct+knsusbl rdyhQ+dk lcc iwNk rksekSykuk usog tokc fn;k fd ,slk bt+gkjseqg+Ccr vkt dsnkSj esaeqfdy gSA ekSykuk v+Cnqy ethn lkg+c usQ+jek;k%

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gksA mlh oD+r dkx+t+d+ye exokdj btkt+r fnyokbZAviusuoklksag+t+jr l;n kkg gqlSu g+Snj vkSj g+t+jrl;n kkg t+gwj g+Snj dksi


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x, vkSj x+k;c gksx, fQj eSaviusgqtjsesa vk x;kA;g ektjk ns[kdj eq>s lkjh jkr uhan ughavkbZ] lqcg+efLtn esa g+kft+j gqvk vkSj gqT+kwj ihjks eqfkZn ds ihNsuekt+scktekr vnk dh vkSj fQj ;g g+ky v+t+Z djdsml ed+ke dh dSfQ+;r nj;k+r djusyxkA igys rksQ+jek;k% rqeus[+okc ns[kk gksxk vkSj [+okc dh ckrksadkD;k ,rckj gS\ tc eSaus bljkj fd;k rks ckfnysu[+okLrk Q+jek;k fd [k+keksk jgks] bl ckjsesadksbZ ckru dgksA eSamlh oD+r [k+keksk gksx;kA vYykg vYykg!D;k inkZnkjh Fkh fd dHkh bkkjksa vkSj duk;ksa esa Hkhbldk rt+fdjk ugha fd;k g+kykfd ;g ed+ke **ed+kesdqrqfc;r** gS vkSj gqT+kwjs okyk dks ekjgjk dh f[k+nerlqiqnZ FkhA ml fnu ds ckn ls oQ+kr kjhQ+ rd vkiekjgjk ls ckgj ugha x, vkSj lSdM+ksa djkersa vki lst+kfgj gqbZaA

vius xqykeksa dks uokt+us dk v+kye gh fujkykFkkA bldk iwNuk gh D;k\ g+t+jr [k+kfreqy vdkfcj dsfolky dsckn jkfd+e ds[k+kunku dspkj cqT+kqxZ vkLrkusij g+kft+j gq,A bl ekSd+s ij g+t+jr ds uokls l;nkkg vehj v+kye [k+jd+kuh fe;k rkjhQ+ j[krs FksAQ+kfrg+k dsckn d+kt+h xqyke kCcj lkg+c usv+t+Z fd;k%**lkg+ct+kns! vxj dksbZ rg+jhj g+t+jr lkg+c dh gksrksrc:Zd ds rkSj ij v+rk Q+jek nsaA** lkg+ct+kns usQ+jek;k% vOoy rksnknk g+t+jr dksbZuD+k rg+jhj ughaQ+jekrsFks] dksbZ cgqr ft+n djrk rHkh fn;k djrsFks] tksdqN Fkk og vkSyknksa us rd+lhe dj fy;kA** ;gQ+jekdj lkg+ct+knslkg+c us,d NksVk lk lanwd+pk esjs


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cqT+kqxksaZ dk lqiqnZ fd;kA tc mUgksaus ml lanwd+ps dktkbt+k fy;k rksns[kk **,d [kkusesapkj ipsZ gSa** vkidsuoklsusbl ckr ij g+Sjr dh fd eSausrksrykk [+kwcfd;k rc rksdqN Hkh u fudyk ;g flQ+Z nknk g+t+jrdk dje vkSj djker gh gS tksvc ;g fudy vk;kAge yksxksa us ,d ,d ipkZ pkjksa esa rd+lhe fd;k vkSjokil vk x,A ;g gS ge xqykeksa ij folky ds cknvkd+kvksadh esgjckuhA mlh jkst+viuh csVh ;kuh gekjhcwcw lkfg+ck dks ft+;kjr viuh djkbZ vkSj bjkknQ+jek;k% cnk;w lsgekjs cPpsijskku vk, gSa] rqe cqykdjrlYyh nksA

l[k+kor o v+rk dk v+kye fujkyk Fkk dksbZ Hkhesgeku u;k vkrk rksrgTtqn esa ;k eqjkd+csesairk djysrsvkSj viuh choh lkfg+ck lsQ+jekrsfd ,d v+t+ht+usdfny vk;k gS] mlst+jk [k+kl rkSj ij [kkuk nsnksAdHkh dHkh eqlkfQ+j [kkus ds cjru Hkh lkFk ys tkrsysfdu g+t+jr lkg+c [k+Q+k u gksrscfYd viuh djhekukjfok ij gh d+k,e jgrsA

vkidk fudkg+g+t+jr l;n eqUr[k+c gqlSu lkkg+cdh lkg+ct+knh l;nk ful+kj Q+kfrek ls gqvk ftulsg+t+jr l;n kkg t+gwj g+lu cM+s fe;k] g+t+jr l;nkkg t+gwj gqlSu NksVsfe;k vkSj rhu lkg+ct+kfn;k nqfu;kesarkjhQ+ykbZaA

djkekrsa bl ntsZdh Fkha fd g+t+jr dk folkyseqckjd 18 ft+yfg+Ttk] 1296 fgtjh esa cq/k ds jkst+ekjgjk kjhQ+esagqvkA njxkgscjdkfr;k esaviustn~nscqT+kqxZokj kkg g+et+k ,+suh ds ljgkus vkidh vkf[k+jh


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vkjkexkg gSA g+t+jr folkys eqckjd ds ckn Hkh vkiviuh djkekrsa t+kfgj Q+jekrs jgsA tc mudks d+cz esaj[kk tkus yxk rks mUgksaus iko lesV fy;s] v+tc gheUt+j Fkk fd ckj ckj g+t+jr lkg+c ds iko Bhd fd;stkrs] g+t+jr lkg+c lesV ysrsA vkf[k+j yksxksadh le> esavk;k fd pwfd muds iSj muds nknk kkg g+et+k dsfljgkusdh rjQ+gks jgs gSa fygkt+k g+t+jr ,g+rsjke esaiSj lh/ksughadj jgsgSaA Q+kSju gh g+t+jr kkg g+et+k dsljgkus nhokj [kM+h dh xbZ rc g+t+jr lkg+c dkslqiqnsZet+kj fd;k x;kA g+t+jr lkg+c ds ycs eqckjd Hkhfolky dsckn fgyrsjgsvkSj vius[k+kfyd+dh rLchg+ikdh c;ku djrsjgsA rc g+kft+jhu usv+tZ+ fd;k fdgqT+kwj nsj gksjgh gSA cl ;g dgrsycksaesag+jdr cUngksxbZ vkSj g+t+jr dkslqiqnsZ et+kj fd;k x;kA

g+t+jr [k+kfreqy vdkfcj ds[+kqyQ+k ,d ls ,dlkfg+csQ+T+yksdeky Fksysfdu tksed+ke vkyk g+t+jrbeke vg+en jt+k [k+k Q+kft+ys cjsyoh dks g+kfly gqvkog lclseqErkt+A [k+kfreqy vdkfcj usigyh gh ut+jesapeks fpjkx+s[k+kunkuscjdkr dk bfUr[k+kc Q+jekdjeqjhn fd;k vkSj f[k+ykQ+r v+rk Q+jekbZ vkSj ,slk uokt+kfd beke vg+en jt+k **jt+k&,&vkys jlwy** gks x,AlqfUu;r dk v+ye beke vg+en jt+k dsgkFk esaljdkjvkysjlwy usfn;k vkSj lqcg+sd+;ker rd beke vg+enjt+k dks eksrcj vkSj eqLrun Q+jek fn;kA ;g nqv+k,vkys jlwy gh rks Fkh fd 22 lky ds vg+en jt+keqtfn~nnsoD+r vkSj v+kfkd+sjlwy dsntsZ ij Q+kbt+gq,vkSj bldk ,frjkQ+ Hkh beke vg+en jt+k us [+kwc fd;kA


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dSlsvkd+kvksadk cUnk gw jt+kcksy ckys esjh ljdkjksa ds

gqT+kwj vkyk g+t+jr dsv+ykok ljdkjs uwj g+t+jrl;n kkg vcqy gqlSu vg+ensuwjh] g+t+jr l;n kkgbLekb+Zy g+lu] g+t+jr l;n kkg vehj v+kye lkg+c]g+t+jr l;n kkg v+yh gqlSu vkjQ+h dNkSNoh] g+t+jrv+Yykek ud+h v+yh [k+ku lkg+c vkyk g+t+jr dsokfynsekftn [k+kl rkSj ls d+kfcysft+ gSaA


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l;nqy v+kfcnhu g+t+jr l;n kkg

vkyknsjly jgerqYykg vySg

l;nqy v+kfcnhu g+t+jr l;n kkg vkSykns

jlwy lkg+c jg+erqYykg v+ySg g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys

cjdkr lqFkjsfe;k lkg+c dsrhljslkg+ct+kns FksA iUnzgkkcku 1212 fgtjh dks iSnk gq,A vkidh ijofjk]rkyhe vkSj rjfc;r gqT+kwj vPNs fe;k us [+kqn Q+jekbZA

cSv+rksf[k+ykQ+r vkidksgqT+kwj kElsekjgjk lsgSA vkidk

v+D+n ehj lv+knr v+yh bCus l;n eqUr[k+c gqlSu dh

lkg+ct+knh dqnjr Q+kfrek lsgqvkA pkj lkg+ct+knskkgeqg+Een lkfnd+] kkg eqg+Een tkQ+j] eqg+Een ckd+j] kkgeqg+Een v+ldjh vkSj pkj lkg+ct+kfn;k vkSyknsQ+kfrek]

x+uher] eqfg+Cc Q+kfrek vkSj [k+krwu Q+kfrek ft+Unk jghaAgqT+kwj vPNsfe;k lkg+c usvkidksviuh reke fefYd;rv+rk Q+jekbZ] vius ckx+kr Hkh g+t+jrs kEls ekjgjk us

vkidksv+rk Q+jek fn;sA viusokfynsekftn dsfolky

dsckn viusnksuksa Hkkb;ksag+t+jr kkg vkys jlwy vkSjg+t+jr kkg xqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu lkg+c dsikl lTtkn,cjdkfr;k ij jkSud+ vQ+jkst+ gq,A g+t+jrsokyk dksQ+Uus

rdlhj vkSj :g+kfu;r o lYcsvejkt+esaegkjr g+kflyFkh] Q+Uus frCc vius okfyns ekftn ls lh[kkA pUn

jlkby [k+kunku g+kykr ij o ehyknseqckjd dsc;kuesa Hkh vkiusjd+e Q+jek, gSaA


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26 jchm+L+l+kuh 1268 fgtjh dks ekjgjk esabfUrd+ky Q+jek;kA njxkgs cjdkfr;k esa g+t+jr kkgg+et+k dsik,rha et+kjs eqckjd gSA


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kEly mjQ+k fljktqy dqeyk

g+t+jr l;n kkg xyke eqfg;nqn~nhu

vehj v+kye jgerqYykg vySg

g+t+jr l;n kkg xqyke eqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehjv+kye jg+erqYykg v+ySg g+t+jr g+t+jr l;n kkg lqFkjs

fe;k lkg+c dsNksVslkg+ct+knsgSaA 1223 fgtjh esaiSnkgq,] vki viusrk;k kkg gqT+kwj vPNsfe;k lkg+c dscM+seUT+kwjs ut+j FksA bfCrnkbZ rkyhe ekSykuk kkg v+Cnqyethn lkg+c cnk;wuh vkSj ekSyoh kkg lykerqYykgdQ+h ls g+kfly dhA ckfruh m+ywe dh rdehy viusppk gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk vkSj okfynsekftn ls dhA cSrokfyns ekftn ls FksA f[k+ykQ+r o btkt+r gqT+kwj vPNsfe;k lkg+c vkSj gqT+kwj lqFkjsfe;k lkg+c nksuksa lsg+kfly

FkhA viusokfynsekftn ds folky dsckn viusnksuksag+d+hd+h HkkbZ;ksakkg vkysjlwy vg+enh vkSj kkg vkSyknsjlwy ds lkFk lTtkn&,&x+kSfl+;k vkys vg+efn;k ijtyok vQ+jkst+ gq,A g+t+jr l;n kkg xqykeeqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehj v+kye uokc ot+hj okyh&,&vo/k ds;gk uk,c ot+hj FksA bl eUlc ds ckoqtwn ft+s[+kqnkoUnh o ot+kbQ+dsikcUn Fks] dHkh b+cknr esadksbZukx+k u gksrkA Q+usrdlhj esadeky dk gquj j[krsFksA

vkidk fudkg+ l;n lv+knr v+yh lkg+c bCusl;n eqUr[k+c gqlSu lkg+c fcyxzkeh dh lkg+ct+knhn;kur Q+kfrek ls fcyxzke esagqvkA rhu lkg+ct+knxkukkg uw:y g+qlSu] kkg uw:y g+lu vkSj kkg uw:yeqLrQ+k vkSj ,d lkg+ct+knh ldhuk Q+kfrek csxe FkhaA


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g+t+jr dk folky 5 kkcku 1286 fgtjh cq/k dsjkst+ y[ku esa gqvkA olh;r ds eqrkfcd+ ekjgjk esarnQ+hu gqbZA

vkids [+kqyQ+k esa flQ+Z nks yksxksa ds uke gesanLr;kc gks lds vkSj oks;g gSa%

g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Een lkfnd+ vkSj g+t+jrl;n kkg bLekb+Zy g+lu kkg th fe;k lkfg+cs m+lsZd+kleh jg+erqYykg v+ySfgekA


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[kkfreqy vlykQ+ g+t+jr l;n kkg

eqg+Een lkfnd+ jgerqYykg vySg

g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Een lkfnd+ jg+erqYykgv+ySg gqT+kwj l;n kkg vkSyknsjlwy ds cM+slkg+ct+knsFksA 7 jet+ku 1248 fgtjh dks iSnk gq,A rjfc;r o

rkyhe vius okfynsekftn lsikbZA cSv+r o f[k+ykQ+rvius ppk tku l;n kkg xqyke eqfg+ ;nhu vehjv+kye jg+erqYykg v+ySg ls FkhA vius rk gqT+kwj[k+kfreqy vdkfcj vkSj okfyns ekftn flyfly,d+knfj;k cjdkfr;k esa btkt+rks f[k+ykQ+r FkhA viuscqT+kqxksaZ dst+kfgjh o ckfruh dekykr dslPpsokfjl+FksAgksk laHkkyus ls ysdj vkf[k+jh m+ez rd oD+r dh ikcUnhvkSj [k+kunkuh ekewykr dHkh ukx+k u gksus fn;sA Q+Uus

frCc viusokfynsekftn vkSj rk;k eqdjZe l;n kkgvkys jlwy lkg+c ls vkSj dqN rkyhes frc g+t+jrlSQqYykfgy elywy g+t+jr v+Yykek kkg Q+T+ys jlwylkg+c cnk;wuh ls g+kfly dhA lhrkiqj esas rd+jhcu 45cjl rd vkiusd+;ke Q+jek;kA

g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Een lkfnd+dh ft+Unxh esamudsnhuh nqfu;koh dkjukeksadh ,d yEch Q+sgfjLr gSAvkidksrkehjkr dk cgqr kkSd+Fkk] [k+kldj ihusds ikuh

dsfy;s cgqr dq, [kqnok;k djrsFksA lkFk gh t+ehuksadksQ+ly ds fy;s ikuh nsus ds okLrs cgqr dq, cuok,Acgqr ls ckx+ yxk,] cgqr lh tk;nknsa ubZ [k+jhnhaAlhrkiqj esa vkius edkukr [k+jhns] ekjgjk kjhQ+ esaeg+yljk; g+osyh lTtknxh u, fljs ls rkehj djkbZ]


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njxkg kjhQ+ o [k+kud+kg dh cgqr lh ejEersa djkbZaAg+t+jr l;n eqg+Een lkfnd+ ds lkg+ct+kns g+t+jrbLekb+Zy g+lu lkg+c ustc dqjvku fg++t+dj fy;k rksbl [+kqkh esamudsokfynsekftn uskqdjkusdsrkSj ij,d [+kwclwjr v+kyhkku efLtn rkehj djkbZ tksvkt Hkhnwj nwj rd ekgwj gSA

vkius nhuh dqrqc dh bkkv+r ds fy;s **ercvlqcg+s lkfnd+** lhrkiqj esa d+k;e fd;k ftlus et+gchvkSj elydh fdrkcksadh bkkv+r esa vge fdjnkj vnkfd;kA vki lwjr o lhjr esaviusvtnkn dk uewuk Fks]cgqr lknk o ueZ fet+kt] x+yfr;ksa dks njxqt+j djusokysA reke nkSyr] gqdwer] bfD+rnkj] b+Ye ds g+kflygksus ds ckoqtwn njoskkuk vkSj Q+d+hjkuk fet+kt ik;kFkkA g+kfdeksavkSj vehjksalscgqr nwjh cukdj j[krsA gjoD+r x+jhcksavkSj feLdhuksadksviusvkl ikl ikdj [+kqkgqvk djrsFksA

vkidk fudkg+viusppk o eqfkZn g+t+jr l;nkkg xqyke eqfg+ ;nhu dh lkg+ct+knh ldhuk csxe lsgqvkA nks lkg+ct+kns g+t+jr l;n kkg vcqy d+kfleeqg+Een bLekb+Zy g+lu kkg th fe;k vkSj l;n kkgvcqy dkft+e eqg+Een bnjhl g+lu lqFkjsfe;k vkSj ik plkg+ct+kfn;k benkn Q+kfrek g+Snjh csxe] rqQ+Sy Q+kfrekvcjkj csxe] ,g+frkke Q+kfrek lf;;nk csxe] mEeqyQ+kfrek vkSj vut+kj Q+kfrek FkhaA

g+t+jr l;n kkg dk eqg+Een lkfnd+dk folkytqesjkr dh jkr 24 kOoky 1326 fgtjh esalhrkiqj esagqvkA et+kjs eqckjd lhrkiqj esa gSA g+ky gh esa g+t+jr


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vehus feYyr us njxkg kjhQ+ dks u, fljs ls rkehjdjk;k gSA

vkids [+kqyQ+k esa flQ+Z nks kf[+l;kr ds ukefeyrs gSa%

g+t+jr l;n kkg bLekb+Zy g+lu kkg th fe;klkfg+cs m+lsZ d+kleh vkSj g+t+jr l;n kkg bnjhlg+lu jg+erqYykg v+ySfgekA


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fljktqy vkfy;k] uw:y vkfjQ+hu

g+t+jr l;nuk kkg vcqy glSu vg+ensuwjh

m+Q+**fe;k lkgc fd+Cyk** jg+erqYykg v+ySg

vkd+kbZ ekSykbZ l;nh o lunh gqT+kwj uwjh fe;klkg+c dh foyknr 19 kOoky 1255 fgtjh esa ekjgjk

kjhQ+ esa gqbZA ljdkjs uwj ds okfyns ekftn g+t+jrl;n kkg t+gwj g+lu m+Q+ZcM+sfe;k] [k+kfreqy vdkfcjl;n kkg vkys jlwy vg+enh ds cM+s lkg+ct+kns gSaAcpiu esaokfynsekftn dsfolky dsckn lkjh rkyhevkSj rjfc;r nknk eqfkZn dh vkx+ksk esagqbZA ljdkjsuwjdksmuds nknk usreke :g+kuh vkSj ftLekuh rjfc;rksaesa ml deky ij igqpk fn;k tks [k+kunkus cjdkr dsvdkfcj dk bfEr;kt+gSA ljdkjsuwj gj oD+r nknk ds

lkFk jgrs] mudsgh lkFk b+cknr] fj;kt+r] njxkg dhg+kft+jh] ot+kbQ+] frykor lc vnk Q+jekrsA12 lky dh m+ez kjhQ+ esa ljdkj vkys jlwy]

gqT+kwj uwjh fe;k dkslTtkn, cjdkfr;k ij ys x, vkSjvius iksrs dks viuk tkukhu eqd+jZj djds uT+kj iskdhA g+t+jr fe;k lkg+c dksmudsnknk eqfkZn usl[+reqtkgns vkSj fj;kt+rsa djkbZa] NksVh lh m+ez esa bruhesg+ur ns[kdj mudh nknh ?kcjkrha vkSj jksduk pkgrha

rks nknk g+t+jr Q+jekrs% **budks ,+skks vkjke ls D;kdke\ ;g dqN vkSj gSavkSj bUgsadqN vkSj gksuk gSA ;gmu lkr vd+rkc esa ls ,d gSa ftudh ckkjr cwv+yhkkg d+yUnj ikuhirh us ljdkjs x+kSl+ ds bkkjs ijQ+jekbZ FkhA**


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gqT+kwj fe;k lkg+c fd+Cyk dh t+kfgjh rkyheksrjfc;r nknk kkg vkys jlwy vkSj ckfruh rjfc;rgqT+kwj kEls ekjgjk kkg vkys vg+en vPNs fe;k usQ+jekbZA blds v+ykok ekSykuk Q+T+yqYykg tysljh]ekSykuk uwj vg+en m+l+ekuh] ekSyku fgnk;r v+yh]ekSykuk eqg+Een gqlSu kkg] rktqy Q+qg+wy ekSykuk kkgv+Cnqy d+kfnj cnk;wuh jg+erqYykg v+ySfge lsm+ywesnhudh rdehy Q+jekbZA

ljdkjs uwj dk d+n fe;kuk] jax xsgqok] iskkuhpkSM+h] vk[ksa cM+h vkSj ukhyh] eqg pkSM+k] nk


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nLrs eqckjd ls fdlh dksrkoht+v+rk Q+jek fn;k rksvYykg dsgqDe lsfkQ+k ;d+huh FkhA

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vHkh Hkh dg jgsgSa lc cnk;w ds xyh dwpsvHkh Hkh ;kn og rsjh ut+j gS vg+ens uwjh!

ljdkjs uwj dh t+kr ekkb[k+dh lhjr dk b+=setewv+k Fkh] lkfg+cqy cjdkr dh cjdrsa] kkg vkyseqg+Een dh fj;kt+rsa] kkg g+et+k dh tykyrsa] kElsekjgjk dh foyk;rsa] lqFkjs fe;k dh lqFkjkbZ;k] vkysjlwyh lqywd x+jt+ fd vki dh t+kr t+kfgjh o ckfruh[+kqkjax Qwyksadk g+lhu xqynLrk FkhA

kjhv+r dh iSjoh vkSj rjhd+r ds mlwyksa dhikcUnh usljdkjsuwj dksfoyk;rsm+t+ek dsml vkyked+ke ij Q+kbt+ fd;k fd vkidsnkSj esavkidk dksbZl+kuh u FkkA

ljdkjsuwj dh lhjr dsdqN vge xksks,sls gSafd ftulsmudsekuus okys cgqr dqN Q+kbnk mBkdjviuh kf[+l;r vkSj fdjnkj dks jkSku dj ldrs gSaAel+yu u+l ij d+kcw ,slk fd lkr lky dh m+ez lsvkeky vkSj b+cknrksa esaaekxwy gksx,A


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lc%lcz dk v+kye ;g fd cM+scM+snq[k esa kqs[+kqnk fd;k] x+exhu u gq,A chekjh dh l[+r g+kyr esaflQ+Z uekt+NwV tkus ij x+exhu gksrsA

b+Yes nhu ls eqg+ Ccr% vki ,d t+cjnLr v+kfyesnhu Fks] kjhv+r ds elkby dksv+oke dksfy[kdj vkSjrd+jhj Q+jekdj ,sls crkrs fd v+ke vkneh ds t+g~uukhagkstk,A

nhuh ekeys esa vius nknk kkg vkys jlwy dsgqDe dseqrkfcd+g+t+jr rktqy Qqgwy cnk;wuh lsekojkt+:j djrsvkSj mudsckn fQj ml eLkys ij fdrkcsauns[kk djrsFksA

x+jhcks ls eqg+ Ccr] vehjks ls nwjh% x+jhcksa] uknkjksa]t+:jreanksadh lksg+cr dksilUn Q+jekrsA g+t+jr dsbnZfxnZ geskk t+:jreanksa dk etek jgrkA nwljksa dh[k+jkcg+ky pht+ksadks ;g dgdj cny fn;k djrsfd gesabldh cgqr t+:jr Fkh vkSj mlds cnys viuh vPNhpht+sav+rk Q+jekrsA

[+kqkks[+ kqje jguk% et+Z dh fkn~nr] fx+t+k dh dehvkSj lneksads ckoqtwn Hkh ljdkjs uwj dk psgjk geskkf[kyk gqvk vkSj ueZ jgrkA

e[k+ywd+dh g+ ktr jokb%ljdkjsuwj dk v[k+ykd+sdjhekuk reke nqfu;k esaekgwj FkkA njckjsuwjh lsdksbZg+ktrean [k+kyh u tkrkA lSdM+ksaokfd+;kr gqT+kwjsvd+nlds ,sls ntZ gSa fd ftuls vkidh l[k+kor vkSjnfj;kfnyh t+kfgj gksrh gSA vius eqjhnksa dks d+t+Z lsfutkr fnykus esaljdkjsuwj dk gkFk cgqr [kqyk gqvkFkkA ,d erZck g+t+jr ds eqjhns [k+kl vkSj esjs nknk


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d+kt+h xqyke kCcj cnk;wuh dks 300 :i;s dh mlt+ekusesag+ktr gqbZA vki mudh ckjxkg esa bl fu;rlsg+kft+j gq, fd iSlsdk x+Sc dh rjQ+ lsbUrt+ke gksusdk v+ey ys ywxkA ljdkj b+cknr esa Fks] rkjhQ+yk,vkSj fcuk loky lqusd+kt+h lkg+c dksrhu lkS :i;s;gdgdj v+rk Q+jek, fd rg+lhys t+j dsv+ey dh t+dkreqfdy gS] ;g j[k yksbUkk vYykg lc Bhd gksxkA

datwlh l uQ+jr%ljdkjsuwj dsnjckj esav+rk odje dsnfj;k cgrs FksA vki datwl yksxksadh lksg+crdksukilUn Q+jekrs] dksbZ loky jn~n gksrk gh u FkkAD;k [+kwc bjkkn Q+jekrs fd **mEers jlwy lYyYykgqv+ySg o lYye esade ls de l[k+kor] esgeku&uokt+hvkSj v[k+ykd+s eqg+Een t+:j gksxkA**

QTkwy ckrks ls cpuk% g+t+jr dh ckjxkg esaQ+qT+kwy ckrksadk xqt+j u FkkA dksbZckr f[k+ykQ+skjhv+ru [+kqn Q+jekrs vkSj u gh [k+kfneksa vkSj v+oke dksbtkt+r gksrhA

dkekses fe;kuk joh% g+t+jrsvd+nl dh ;g [k+klv+knrsdjhek Fkh fd ,d lg~y vkSj ueZchp dk jkLrkbjkkn gksrk rkfd loky djus okysdks nqkokjh u gksA

uehZ l ckr djuk%ljdkjsuwj dk ckr djusdkvUnkt+ ,slk fnyukha vkSj lknk Fkk fd gj k[+lv+kfkd+ FkkA Q+jekrs Fks fd **ge mEers eqg+Eenh gSa]ljdkjsd+knjh dsQ+d+hj gSa] geesal[+rh dgk vkSj dSlsgksldrh gS\**

;kn bykgh vkSj bd+ jlwy% g+t+jrs vd+nlrkSg+hn dsjewt+vljkj dksle>usvkSj le>kusesa viuk


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l+kuh ugha j[krs Fks] [+kqn dks ;kns [+kqnk esa Q+uk j[kuk[k+kl ex+yk FkkA fkdksZ fcnv+r ij viuseqrofLlyhudksfy[kdj vkSj bjkknkr ds t+fj;srkdhn gj etfylesaQ+jekrsA

b+d+s jlwy ed+lns g+;kr FkkA Q+jekrs Fks%**kjhv+r vkSj rjhd+r njoskksa vkSj lwfQ+;ksa dks blfy;seaT+kwj gS fd ;g jlwys [+kqnk rd jlkbZ ds jkLrs gSaAg+t+jrsvd+nl dk gj d+kSy flQ+Z vkSj flQ+Z lqUur dseqrkfcd+FkkA**

nq:ns ikd ds Q+St+ku ds ckjs esa bjkkn Fkk%**nq:n kjhQ+reke nqv+kvksadh :g+gS] cx+Sj bldsdksbZnqv+k dkfey ughagksrhA**

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ljdkjsuwj dks eqjhnksa dk gj oD+r [+;ky jgrkmudh g+ktr jokbZ dh fQ+ yxh jgrhA

b+d+x+ kSl+vkt+e%ljdkjsx+kSl+s vkt+e ls g+n lsT+;knk b+d+ vkSj mudh fgnk;r vkSj djeuokt+h ij,freknA Q+jekrs Fks% **ljdkjs d+kfnjh;r cM+s x+ ;wjx+Sjrean gSa] mudsflyflyslsrv+Yyqd+j[ks okyk dghaHkh tk,xk ijskku u gksxkA**

vDl+j eqjhnhu dks rlYyh ds fy;s gqT+kwj kElsekjgjk dk ;g ksj eqjhnksa dks fy[kdj bjlky Q+jekrs%

x+qykesx+kSl+s vkt+e csdlkseqt+rj ueh ekunvxj ekun kcsekun kcsnhxj ueh ekun


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,d erZck g+t+jr d+kt+h xqyke kCcj lkg+cd+knjh dks ysdj lqYrkuqy fgUn dh ckjxkg esa g+kft+jgq,] g+t+jr g+kth okfjl+ v+yh kkg lkg+c Hkh x+jhc uokt+dsnjckj esag+kft+j FksA ;g ekgwj Fkk fd g+kth lkg+cxq+rxwcgqr de Q+jekrsgSaysfdu ml jkst+nksuksacqT+kqxksaZesa ,d ?k.Vk ,sls xq+rxw gqbZ tSls eqn~nr ds ckn nksnksLr feys gksaA d+;kexkg ij rkjhQ+ ykdj g+t+jrokfjl+ v+yh kkg lkg+c ds ckjs esa Q+jek;k fd **g+kthlkg+c [k+kfyl d+knjh gSa] mudk flyflyk fugk;r lghgS vkSj cM+scqT+kqxZ gSaA**

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ljdkjsuwj dkskk;jh lscsg+n yxko Fkk] et+gchvkSj cgkfj;k nksuksa rjg ds dyke Q+jek;k djrs Fks]


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igysr[k+Yyql lb+Zn Fkk fQj uwjh fd;kA r[k+ ;qysuwjhvkidsdyke dk etewv+k gSA

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pyksMwcsaugk, vkSj vPNslqFkjscu tk,gS cg+js ev+fjQ+r fxnsZ et+kjsvg+ensuwjh

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dqN vkSj Hkh ekgwj [+kqyQ+k dsuke ge ;gk iskdj jgsgSa%

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eqtfn~nnscjdkfr;r g+t+jr l;n kkg vcqy

d+kfle bLekb+y glu

m+Q+ kkg th fe;k jg+erqYykg v+yg

cfd+ ;rqLlYQ+ gqTtrqy [k+YQ+g+t+jr l;n kkgvcqy d+kfle bLekb+Zy g+lu m+Q+Z kkg th fe;k dhfoyknr 3 eqg+jZe 1272 fgtjh dks ekjgjk eqd+n~nlk esagqbZA cSv+rks f[k+ykQ+r vius ukuk l;n kkg xqykeeqfg+ ;qn~nhu vehj v+kye v+ySfgjZg+ek ls g+kfly FkhAokfynsekftn g+t+jr l;n kkg eqg+Een lkfnd+us Hkhviuh f[k+ykQ+r ls uokt+k FkkA

eqtfn~nns cjdkfr;r dh fcfLeYykg [+okuh dh

jLe g+t+jr [k+kfreqy vdkfcj l;n kkg vkys jlwyvg+enh us vnk Q+jekbZA kq:v+krh rkyhe okfynsekftndslk;s esa gqbZA vkidsreke mLrkn viusoD+r dscM+sv+kfyesnhu vkSj Q+d+hgs oD+r FksA

g+t+jr rktqy mYek us vkidsmLrknksadsckjsesac;ku Q+jek;k% vkius g+kfQ+t+ oyhnkn [k+ku lkg+cekjgjoh o g+kfQ+t+ d+kfnj v+yh lkg+c y[kuoh o g+kfQ+t+v+Cnqy djhe lkg+c eydiqjh ls d+qjvku kjhQ+ fg++t+

fd;kA ekSyoh v+Cnqkdwj lkg+c] v+Cnqy x+uh lkg+c]ekSyoh eqg+Een v+yh lkg+c y[kuoh] eqg+Een g+lu lkg+clEHkyh] ekSyoh Q+T+yqYykg lkg+c Q+jaxheg+yh] g+t+jrrktqy Qqgwy ekSykuk v+Cnqy d+kfnj lkg+c cnk;wuh


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jg+erqYykg rv+kyk v+ySg ls nlhZm+ywe i


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[+kwfc;k FkhaA rktqy mYek dseqrkfcd+% **g+t+jr lwjr olhjr nksuksa ,rckj ls vius vdkfcj dk uewuk vkSj mudh vPNh [+kwfc;ksa vkSj ilanhnk Q+t+kby ds ekfydvkSj okfjl+ FksA**

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vkidh g+kSlyk eankuk x+Sjr] fQ+rjh kqtkv+rcgknqjh vkSj gennkZuk rchv+r ds pan okfd+;kr dsg+okysls g+t+jr kQs+ZfeYyr Q+jekrsgSa%

g+t+jr kkg d+kfle ds[k+kl eqjhn vkSj [k+yhQ+kMkWDVj v;wc g+lu d+knjh vcqy d+kfleh v+ySfgjZg+ek usg+t+jr d+kfle ls,d erZck jkst+xkj dh raxh dk fkdokfd;kA g+t+jr us Q+jek;k% ^^vkidh jkst+kuk dh t+:jrsafdrusesaiwjh gkstkrh gSa\ mUgksausv+t+Z fd;k% nks#i;sesaA ;g ml nkSj dk nks#i;k gS ftldh g+Sfl+;r vkt


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dsnkslkS #i;slsT+;knk gksrh FkhA g+t+jr kkg d+kfleusQ+jek;k% tkb;s! vkidksjkst+kuk vYykg dh tkfuc lsx+Sc ls nks #i;s feyrs jgsaxsA MkDVj v;wc g+luv+ySfgjZg+ek us viuh T+kqcku ls [k+kunku ds yksxksa lsc;ku fd;k fd mldsckn eq>sgj lqcg rfd;s dsuhpsnks#i;sfey tkrsA ;g okfd+;k g+t+jr dh djker vkSjgennkZuk kQ+d+r nksuksadh vkbZuknkjh djrk gSA**

g+t+jr kkg d+kfle cgqr et+cwrh ds lkFk nhukslqfUu;r vkSj [k+kunkuh ekewykr ij ikcanh j[krs Fks]blfy;s vYykg rv+kyk us vkidsdke vkSj ckr] bZekuvkSj v+ey] T+kqcku vkSj d+ye lc esacjdrsans j[kh FkhaAvkidh nqv+kvksa ls u tkus fdrus ejht+ fkQ+k;kc gq,]cskqekj eqd+neksa ds Q+Slys gq,] cgqr lh xksnsa gjh gqbZa]lSdM+ksaeqlhcrt+nksauspSu dh lkl yh] gt+kjksaxqukgxkjksausrkSck dh] dbZ,d flQ+Zvkidspsgjsdksns[kdj bLykels eqkjZQ+ gq, vkSj cgqrksa us lqywd dh eaft+ysar; dhaA

b+Yeh t+kSd+ekkb[k+s ekjgjk dh fojkl+r jgh gSA;gh lcc gS fd bl [k+kud+kgsv+kyhkku esa cqT+kqxksZadhnwljh ukfnj o uk;kc pht+ksa ds lkFk lkFk ,dv+t+heqkku iqjkuk dqrqc[k+kuk Hkh gSA g+t+jr kkg d+kfledksHkh b+Yeh t+kSd+ fojl+sesafeyk FkkA vkiusu flQ+Z ;gfd [+kqn gh m+yweksQquwu g+kfly fd;s cfYd v+t+ht+ksadh[k+klh rknkn dksb+Ye dst+soj lsvkjkLrk fd;kA vkiuscqT+kqxksZadstek fd;sgq, ukfnj vkSj iqjkusdqrqc[k+kusdkslaHkky laHkky dj j[kk vkSj mls fg+Q+kt+r ds lkFkvxyh uLyksadsg+okysfd;kA


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nQ+b+y ock] etewv+, lykfly eUT+kwe] etewv+, dyke]fjlkyk vkekyksrdlhj] djkekrs lqFkjs fe;kA

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cM+s lkg+ct+kns g+t+jr l;n kkg xqykeeqfg+ ;qn~nhu Q+d+hj v+kye l+kfcr g+lu dh foyknr 3jchm+y vkf[k+j 1302 fgtjh dksekjgjk esagqbZA csgrjhug+kfQ+t+s d+qjvku Fks vkSj t+cjnLr v+kfyes nhuA viusokfyns ekftn ls cSv+r eqjhn FksA f[k+ykQ+r vkSjbtkt+r okfyns ekftn vkSj ljdkjs uwj l;n vcqygqlSu vg+ens uwjh jg+erqYykg v+ySg ls g+kfly FkhAfudkg+ gqvk ysfdu vkSykn ugha FkhA 1330 fgtjh dkstokuh dsv+kye es bl jaxkjax nqfu;k dksy[ku esavyfonk dgkA

NksVslkg+ct+knsrktqy mYek l;n kkg vkSyknsjlwy eqg+Een fe;k Q+[k+js v+kye 13 jet+kuqy eqckjd1309 fgtjh dks lhrkiqj esa iSnk gq,A budk ft+dzrQ+lhy lsc;ku fd;k x;k gSA


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lkfg+cs m+lsZ d+kleh g+t+jr vcqy d+kfle l;nkkg eqg+Een bLekb+Zy g+lu d+kfleh cjdkrh dk folky1 lQ+j 1347 fgtjh dksekjgjk kjhQ+esagqvkA vkiusviuh g+;krs t+kfgjh esa gh vius g+d+hd+h uokls g+t+jrvg+luqy mYek v+ySfgjZg+ek dks viuh t+kr dklTtknkukhu Q+jekdj viuh eLun dk tkukhucuk;kA vkt vy&g+Enq fyYykg ml eLun ij g+t+jrvehus feYyr tyok vQ+jkst+ vkSj m+lsZ d+kfleh dhjkSud+muds ne lsnks pUn gSA

vkids [+kqyQ+k esa g+t+jr l;n kkg xqykeeqfg+ ;qn~nhu Q+d+hj v+kye] g+t+jr l;n kkg vkSyknsjlwy eqg+Een fe;k] g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys eqLrQ+kl;n fe;k vkSj vg+luqy mYek g+t+jr l;n kkgeqLrQ+k g+Snj g+lu fe;k lkg+c ox+Sjk gSaA


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ufc, [k+kfreqy vdkfcj g+t+jr

l;n kkg esgnh g+lu jgerqYykg vySg

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dwVdj FkhA viuh ft+Unkfnyh ds fy;s nwj nwj rdekgwj FksA Q+ ;kt+h o l[k+kor esacsut+hj FksA rchv+r esatT+c x+kfyc FkkA

g+t+jr esagnh fe;k lkg+c ds nkSj esa [k+kud+kgscjdkfr;k dk jkCrk v+oke ls cgqr cM+s iSekus ij olhgqvkA cM+s cM+s vehj o uokc ekjgjk dh M~;ks


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fe;k dh [k+kl ut+j FkhA ljdkj uwjh fe;k ds rekev+d+hnrean g+t+jkr gqT+kwj fe;k lkg+c ds folky dsckng+t+jr esagnh fe;k dksviuk ejdt+sv+d+hnr ekursFksAg+t+jr cnk;w rkjhQ+Hkh [+kwc ykrsvkSj cnk;wuh xqykeksadks[+kwc uokt+rsA vius lkFk rksg+Q+srg+kbQ+cnk;w lsystk jgsgksrs] jkLrsesadksbZ x+jhc fn[krk rkscl mldkekewyh [kkuk [kk fy;k djrsvkSj viuk d+herh lkekumldksv+rk Q+jek nsrsA folky ls d+Cy cnk;w rkjhQ+yk, vkSj dlhj rknkn esayksxksadkseqjhn fd;kA jkfd+eds[k+kunku ds cskrj g+t+jkr ml nkSj esa g+t+jr esagnhfe;k lkg+c ls eqjhn gq,A esjs okfyns ekftn dks Hkhljdkj esagnh fe;k us cgqr gh dem+ezh esa cSv+r lseqkjZQ+ Q+jek;kA vkius viuh ft+Unxh gh esa l;nqymYek g+t+jr l;n kkg vkys eqLrQ+k l;n fe;kjg+erqYykg v+ySg dksviuk olh o tkukhu eqd+jZj djfn;k FkkA

vkidk igyk fudkg+cqfu;knh csx+e fcUrsl;ngqlSu bCusl;n fnynkj g+Snj lsgqvkA dksbZvkSykn buchch lsu gqbZA nwljk fudkg+lTtknh csxe fcUrsl;nblekb+Zy g+lu lkg+c ls gqvkA buls dbZ vkSyknsa gqbZaexj dem+ezh esabfUrd+ky dj xbZaA

g+t+jr kkg esagnh lkg+c dk bUrd+ky uoEcj 18t+hd+knk 1361 fgtjh@1942 b+Z0 dh jkr dks gqvkAvkids folky ds ckn olh;r ds eqrkfcd+ l;nqym+yek l;n kkg vkys eqLrQ+k l;n fe;k mudhelun ij cSBsA


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rktqy mYek] fljktqy mjQ+k

g+t+jr l;n kkg vkyknsjlwy

eqg+Een fe;k d+knjh jg+erqYykg v+yg

eqvfjZ[k+s [k+kunkus cjdkr rktqy mYek fljktqym+jQ+k g+t+jr l;n kkg vkSykns jlwy eqg+Een fe;kd+knjh jg+erqYykg v+ySg eqtfn~nns cjdkfr;r g+t+jrl;n kkg bLekbZy g+lu lkg+c dsQ+jt+Un gSaA g+t+jrrktqy mYek v+ySfgjZg+ek 23 jet+ku 1309 fgtjh esalhrkiqj esa iSnk gq,A dqjvku] g+nhl+] rQ+lhj] efUrd+]

Q+YlQ+k] fQ+D+g o mlwysfQ+D+g] lQ+Z o ug+~o dh rkyheviusokfynsekftn g+t+jr l;n kkg blekbZy glulkg+c] g+t+jr ekSykuk kkg v+Cnqy eqD+rfnj cnk;wuhv+ySfgjZg+ek dsv+ykok ml nkSj dscM+s mYek lsg+kflydhA vkidks cSv+rks f[k+ykQ+r vius okfyns ekftn vkSjviusukuk lkg+c g+t+jr l;n kkg vcqy gqlSu vg+ensuwjh jg+erqYykg v+ySg lsgSA

g+t+jr rktqy mYek dh kDy g+t+jr uwjh fe;k

lkg+c lscgqr feyrh FkhA g+t+jr rktqy mYek csgrjhuv+kfyes nhu] eq+rh] eqg+fn~nl+] eqQ+fLlj FksA vkidksfdrkcsai


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mlwyksa ij ikcUn gksuk vkSj vius pkgus okyksa dks Hkhml jkLrs ij pyus dh fgnk;r nsuk ,d d+kfcysrd+yhn v+ey gSA

g+t+jr rktqy mYek dh iwjh ft+Unxh uT+ekst+Crls b+ckjr FkhA lQ+j esa t+:jh lkeku dk geskk lkFkj[kuk] gj dke dksoD+r ij ikcUnh dslkFk [+kqn djuk]viuh gj pht+ dks [+kqn gh viuh fuxjkuh esa j[kuk]fdlh dkst+g+er u nsuk ;g lc vkidh [+kqlwfl;kr gSaA

,d erZck g+t+jr ds eqjhns [k+kl ekSykuk et+gjlkg+c cnk;wuh ejg+we us g+t+jr dksia[kk djuk pkgk rksQjek;k fd vkbUnk fcuk btkt+r ,slk u djuk] dqnjrusgesanksgkFk viuk dke djusdksv+rk Q+jek,A g+t+jrsokyk dh ,d [k+kl v+knr Fkh u fdlh dh cqjkbZlqursudjrs] dksbZ x+hcr djrk rks mldks Q+kSju euk djrsA

g+t+jr rktqy mYek ,d ,sls esgjcku eqfkZn Fkstks vius vg+ckc dh csdlh vkSj ijskkuh esa cgqrennxkj vkSj Q+fj;kn lqudj Q+kSju g+ktr jokbZQ+jekrsA vkyk g+t+jr Q+kft+ys cjsyoh ls vkidsrv+Yyqd+kr cgqr xgjs vkSj eqg+Ccr okysFksg+kykfd vkykg+t+jr m+ez esa rktqy mYek ls cgqr cM+s Fks ysfduihjt+knxh dh fuLcr lsQ+kft+yscjsyoh g+t+jr rktqymYek dk cgqr ,g+rsjke Q+jekrs] vkyk g+t+jr vkidks**okfjlqy vdkfcfjy vl;kn fcy bfLrg+d+kd+ oybfUQ+jkn** tSls vYd+kc ls eq[k+krc djrs vkSj rktqymYek rksmu

Hayat E Mashaekh E Marehra (Hindi) Dr. Ahmed Mujtaba Siddiqui

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