Data Collecting, Organizing & Analyzing. VARIABLES & DATA TABLES.
Happy Tuesday Scientists! Today: Return scored work Grades Data and Graphs Study Guide Collecting...
-
Upload
calvin-hardy -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
2
Transcript of Happy Tuesday Scientists! Today: Return scored work Grades Data and Graphs Study Guide Collecting...
Happy Tuesday Scientists!
Today:Return scored work
Grades
Data and Graphs Study GuideCollecting Discrete Data Activity
HW: Graph your data a second time using different scales for the DV
Graphing Study Guide
Are you ready to go?
• There are 4 major types of graphs we’ll use this year.
I can remember
that
Types of Data
1. Discrete data = consist of categories (days of the week, kind of animal, color)
2. Continuous data = consist of measurements involving a scale with equal measurements; a range of values (temperature, length of time in hours, height in centimeters)
Four major types of graphing
1. Pie chart/graph = consist of categories (display percentages)
2. Bar graph = used to represent discrete data; the IV is typically qualitative and DV is typically quantitative
Four major types of graphing
3. Line graph = used to represent continuous data, usually tracking changes over time; the IV and DV are both quantitative and the line connecting the points has meaning
4. Scatter plot = similar to a line graph, but the data points are NOT connected because a connecting line would have no meaning; a line of best fit might be constructed to show a trend in the data; IV and DV are typically both quantitative
Scatter plot
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70
5
10
15
20
25Helicopter Drop Time Influenced by Pa-
perclips
# of Paperclips
Dro
p Ti
me
(s)
This is a line of best fit – it is a straight line that comes as close to possible as all the data points
The data points should NOT be directly connected because the IV is discrete
Bar Graph6th period student drink choices
0
5
10
15
20
25
pepsi coke rootbeer
dr.pepper
Drink Option
# o
f stu
den
ts
Series1
This is what we mean by discrete data – it’s a category and there’s no “middle value” between each category
Line Graph
Jill's Elevation Change While Hiking
015030045060075090010501200
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
Time (hours)
Ele
va
tio
n (
m)
Each value here has meaning (I could determine how Jill’s elevation at 3.2 hours) so I connect my data points with a line
Pie chart
Here I have data organized in a percentage out of 100 – this is good way to represent it
A few final thoughts
• Scientists must represent their data graphically in a fair way that tells the most accurate story
• It is possible to change the scale of a graph to make it look like the data tells a much different story than the numbers actually show
• Additional labels might also be used to make the reader infer certain things from the same set of data
For example…• At most, how different is the average rainfall
from this year’s rainfall?
This graph has been manipulated to make it look like there is a much bigger difference in rainfall than 0.4 cmBad scientist!
A more accurate graph
Good scientist!
Another Example
Quarter, YearImage source: http://www.politicalmathblog.com/?p=401
Num
ber o
f job
s (t
hous
ands
)
U.S. Jobs by Quarter
What conclusions can you draw from this graph?
Here’s the same graph with a few extra labels…
Image source: http://www.politicalmathblog.com/?p=401
The data is the same but it could be used to create different inferences
Collecting and Graphing Discrete Data(title)
• A common example of discrete data is information collected when people complete surveys.
• Come up with a survey question you could ask of every student in this classroom (record on your paper under the title)– Example: Mrs. Ellis will be asking each student.
“What is the name of your 7th grade science teacher.
Identify the IV and DV (Record)
• IV =• DV =
Create a data table (on your paper)
• Begin collecting data
Graph your data
• Since this is discrete data, what types of graphs would be appropriate to use?
6th period student drink choices
0
5
10
15
20
25
pepsi coke rootbeer
dr.pepper
Drink Option
# o
f st
ud
ents
Series1