Happy Friday/½ day extravaganza, future leaders!

For today’s warm-up please do the following:

• Grab your student log and notebook from the crates.• Draw an X through today’s homework box.• Write in today’s date and objective on your student log.• Open your notebook and respond to the following prompts:

MAKE EFFORT,NOT EXCUSES!

A BTake a look at these two depictions of a Spartan hoplite, or footsoldier.

Which do you think is more accurate? Why? Write one full paragraph.

Come on, ya’ll…

Hoplites:________________________________________________________

So, which one is it?A B

While it may not look quite as tough as charging into battle shirtless, the real reason that Greek armies were so unstoppable was

because of their ability to form a “wall of metal” called a phalanx. Today, we’ll be

talking about what a phalanx is and how the ancient Greeks used them.

World History with Mr. Golden__________________________________________________________

Ancient Greek Battle Tactics

Objective:________________________________________________________

FLWBAT describe the characteristics and use of ancient Greek military tactics

Agenda:________________________________________________________

- Review- Greek battle notes- Gasp! A quiz?!?!- We’re done!

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Greek footsoldier - typically wore bronze armor and was armed with a spear, sword and shield.

Hoplite:

I’m not going in there shirtless! Forget that!

That’s because you don’t have tiger blood or Adonis DNA.

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

A rectangular military formation where hoplites stood shoulder to shoulder forming a wall of armor, shields, and spears.

Phalanx:

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

The phalanx was pretty indestructible – but it did have one weakness…

Phalanx:

If anyone did ever manage to split it up, the Greeks were in BIG trouble.

This isn’t gonna be so bad… Uhh…

Guys?

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Let’s take a look at the battle of Marathon!So how did they use it?

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

A battle between Athenian soldiers and an invading force from Persia.

Marathon (490 BCE):

I think we’re gonna need a bigger boat…

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

1. The Greeks were outnumbered 5 to 1 against the lightly armored Persian forces of Darius

Marathon (490 BCE):

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

2. The Greeks extended their army to match the width of Persia’s force, presenting a weak center

Marathon (490 BCE):

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

3. The Greeks’ middle ranks broke, but the large wings pivoted around to surround the Persians

Marathon (490 BCE):

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Two armies meet one another on the battlefield and face each other…

Feigned retreat:

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

After the fighting starts, the middle of one army pretends to retreat – (run away)…

Feigned retreat:

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

The opposing army charges ahead, thinking it has its enemy on the run…

Feigned retreat:

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

The sides of the “retreating” army move out and flank, or surround, the charging army.

Feigned retreat:It’s the second oldest trick in the book!

(I’ll tell you the oldest one later…)

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

4. The Persian Army panicked and fled into the marsh and the boats anchored nearby

Marathon (490 BCE):

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

5. The Greek army pursued the Persians who were now scattered, leaderless, and obliterated

Marathon (490 BCE):

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

The Greeks used a feigned retreat – (the secondoldest trick in the book) and flanked the Persians.

How were the Greeks victorious?

*Tap, tap*

So what’s the oldest?

Just for fun:________________________________________________________

Pheidippidies = 100% champion

We have WON!

Cool! Have this sticker.

Uhh, thanks.*dead*

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):What do you already know about the battle

between the forces of Xerxes and the Spartans?

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):Another battle between outnumbered Greek soldiers and an invading force from Persia.

AGAIN?!?!

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):However, in this battle, some of Greece’s unique geographic features play a key role.

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):Who’s fightin’:

Spartans & Allies : About 20,000 Soldiers

Xerxes’ Persians: About 2,600,000

That means that according to these estimates, the Greeks were outnumbered 130 to 1!

Never tell me the odds!

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):Who’s leadin’:

Leonidas I, king of the Spartans

Xerxes I, king of the Persians

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):

Xerxes I, king of the Persians

o The son of Darius I, (the guy who got his butt kicked at Marathon)

o His father made him swear vengeance upon the Greeks for this defeat - (among others)

This one’s for you, Dad!

What’s his story?

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):So, how’d they do?The Greeks are by no means victorious, but do succeed in holding off the Persians long enough for everyone back home to get ready.

But, HOW?!?! Weren’t they hugely outnumbered?How could they have held out so long?

FORCE MULTIPLIERS!FORCE x FORCE x FORCE x FORCE x FORCE x FORCE

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):Force multipliers:Things that make your army stronger without adding any more soldiers to it – (the phalanx and the shield wall are examples)

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):Shield wall:The nearly-impenetrable front of a Greek phalanx made of overlapping shields

Well, what’d ya think it

was gonna be?

Greek Battles:________________________________________________________

Thermopylae (480 BCE):The end result:Using force multipliers and natural geography, the Greeks successfully hold off the much larger Persian army for three days, but ultimately lose.

Quiz:________________________________________________________

USE YOUR TIME WISELY!

OPEN-NOTE QUIZ!Use all of your notes and handouts on

Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece to answer the questions on your quiz.

As long as you’ve been here and have been doing your work,

there’s no need to make any faces like this…

Quiz:________________________________________________________

Use the next few minutes to study up! Remember,tests and quizzes are as difficult as you want them to be. If you work hard and pay attention, my quizzes will be the easiest you ever took!

Time to show me what you know!

USE YOUR TIME WISELY!

We’re done!________________________________________________________

Thank you for all your hard work today!

Make sure to put your notebooks in the crateand your folders in folders, please!