Hall2D Wednesday 11h15 - Valerie Naidoo
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Within the Factory Fence Key Insights from Industrial Water Research Valerie Naidoo Water Research Commission NCPC / DTi Industrial Efficiency Conference ICC Durban 2015 22 nd July 2015
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Transcript of Hall2D Wednesday 11h15 - Valerie Naidoo
Within the Factory Fence
Key Insights from Industrial Water Research
Valerie NaidooWater Research Commission
NCPC / DTi Industrial Efficiency ConferenceICC Durban 2015
22nd July 2015
2
Global Risk Assessment (WEF)…..900 leaders
3
End-of pipe treatment
Cleaner production Reuse/Recycling
Beneficiation - Industrial ecology
Research focus in industry
Water consumption
Effluent production
focus
factory
Industrial Research focus - summary
ManagementEnd-of pipe treatment
(technologies)Cleaner
production
Reuse/RecyclingIndustrial ecology
Beneficiation - Biorefinery
Move towards not only meeting standards or municipal discharge requirements to treating to an acceptable industrial
grade water and beneficiation
Industry Overviews
Top 80% water users Top 80 % effluent production
Amatholeautomotive food textile automotive food textile
City of Cape Town brewery textile pulp & paper beverage
City of Joburgyeast beverage electroplating dairy
Ekurhuleni Metro
eThekwinitextile petroleum pulp & paper poultry pulp & paper petroleum textile beverage
Nelson Mandela Metrobrewery automotive chemical dairy brewery automotive textile food
Tshwanebrewery recycling beverage textile brewery food textile
High water usersHigh effluent
producers
Management (Alignment)
3 Guideline documents to facilitate legal compliance with respect to Industrial waste management
In line with DEA National Environmental Management Act (NEMA): Waste Bill
Volume 1 – Industry GuideVolume II – Contractors GuideVolume III – Authority’s GuideReview of Local Bylaws against Waste Bill Frameworks : eThekwini Case Study
Management (Guidelines)Technical Guidelines for Cleaner Production
Mining sector / General Cleaner Production (case studies)LegislationUnderstandingToolsChecklistsCase studies (local and international)
Guidelines for Waste Minimization Clubs WhatHow to?Training Manual
Industry
Regulators
Service providers
Industry Overviews 20 National Survey Types Reports
OverviewLegislation (local bylaws)
Water Use (SWU)Wastewater GenerationBest Practices
1 Malt beer brewing 20132 Metal Finishing 20133 Soft drinks & carbonated water 20134 Dairy 20135 Sorghum malt 20146 Edible oil 20147 Red meat 20148 Laundry 20149 Poultry 2015
10 Tanning & leather finishing 201511 Sugar 201512 Pulp and paper 201413 Textiles 201514 Wine x15 Oil refining and re-refining x16 Power Generation x17 Steel 201418 Fruit and Vegetable Processing x19 Pelagic fishing industry x20 Fish processing X
National Survey Data – Revision 2015Industry SWI Min SWI Max SWI Target SWI Units Total Water
use (kL / yr)Total
OutputOutput units n Location
Textiles 176.91 95 458.94 - kL per tonne 30 000 000 - tonnes -W. Cape, E. Cape, & Natal
Pulp and paper – Entire 54.75 17 92.5 - kL per tonne - 3,000,000 tonnes 21 -
Poultry- Entire 18.15 21.79 24.29 17.5 kL per 1000 birds 6 000 000 330,000,000 birds 140 -
Laundry – Entire 15.1 8 58.4 - kL per tonne 3 000 000 - tonnes -Every city throughout SA
Malt beer brewing 7.15 5.5 8.8 5 kL per kL of beer 8 700 000 1,200,000 kL 8 -
Dairy – Entire 4.71 2.73 7.97 2.71 kL per kL - - kL 150 Throughout SA
Sorghum malt 3.4 2.5 12.3 3.4 kL per kL 630 000 185,400 tonnes 33Gauteng (40%) & Natal (25%)
Edible oil – Entire 3.25 2.65 3.85 - kL per tonne 1 750 000 - tonnes 16 -
Sugar 3 1.5 5 - kL per tonne of sugar - 12,000,000 sugar 16 -
Soft drinks & carbonated water 2.7 - - 2.3 kL per kL of soft drink 4 000 000 1,500,000 kL - Most large
cities
Wine – Entire 2.53 0.97 4.23 0 kL per output 0 900,000 kL - W. Cape & N. Cape
Sorghum beer brewing 2.5 2.3 4.8 2.5 kL per kL 2 750 000 1,100,000 kL 36Gauteng (40%) & Natal (25%)
Red meat – Entire 1.55 0.71 3.8 - kL per cattle unit 5 800 000 3,745,000 cattle units 285 Main cities
Tanning & leather finishing 0.43 0.32 0.74 0.43 kL per hide 600 000 2,000,000 hides 20
Gauteng; Free State; Natal; W.Cape; E.Cape
Metal Finishing – entire 0.27 0.03 0.88 0.1 - 0.2 kL per m2 treated surface 9 000 000 - m2 treated surface - PWV
Textile Industry: Treat & Reuse
ANOXICANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
KEY:
FEED
ANAEROBIC ANOXIC AEROBIC MEMBRANEFILTRATION
PRODUCT
EGSB Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE)
Q RECYCLE
Process Design Strategy
21
12
3
4
43
5
5
6
6
Industrial Water: Reuse of Brewery Effluent
aquaculture
High Rate Algal Ponds
Bre
wer
y ef
fluen
t
Technology Integration Approach
CSR
hydroponics
Water Efficiency and Wastewater Management
Toolso Zero Liquid Effluent
Dischargeo Green chemistryo Waste Minimizationo Life Cycle Analysiso Pincho Water Optimization
modellingo Water Footprints
Case Studies1. Green chemistry – textile industry2. Savings – general housekeeping3. Recommend RO vs IEx 4. Water savings 5. >10% water savings (Johnson &
Johnson and Eskom)6. Test value for different sectors
1. Extractives vs retail vs energy vs beverage
2. Upstream – focus internal policy
3. Within fence – target the high water use operational activities
Water Footprints
May 1, 2023File name 14
Freshwater
(finite resource)
Sustainability Discussions
Sustainability Discussions
Growing awareness that “water” needs to be considered in a broad range of decision-making processes
Highlights
Overall, it can be concluded that water footprinting is indeed a useful tool that companies can use as a first estimation of their water use and impact.
mine 1 mine 2 mine 3 Total0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
Grey WF
Blue WF
Green WF
m3/
year
Figure 64: Water footprint components for the individual mines at Matla
2009 2010 20110
500
1000
1500
2000
Total Green WFTotal Blue WFTotal Grey WF
Wat
er F
ootp
rint (
m3/
GWhr
)Figure 71: Total Water Footprint for the upstream and operations
Highlights
2009 2010 201137000000
37500000
38000000
38500000
39000000
39500000
40000000
40500000
41000000
Lost Return Flow
Evaporation
Incorporated
Cooling towers
Blue
WF
(m3/
yr)
Figure 68: Operational blue water footprint for Matla facility
Cooling towers99%
Evaporation0%
Lost Return Flow0.3%
Cooling towersIncorporatedEvaporationLost Return Flow
Figure 70: Components of the operational blue water footprint for 2009
Water Footprints
Take Home Messageo Important – Business Risko Policy
o Public o Business
o Operational Focus areaso Pincho Water Optimization
o Supply Chain focuso Retail – concentrate on agriculture SCo Beverage – concentrate on agriculture SC
catchment
Future: Look within and outside the factory fence
factory
Water consumption Effluent production
focuscatchment
focusSupply chain
So is there uptake of knowledge and behaviour?
May 1, 2023 File name 19
Bittersweet Relationship
May 1, 2023 File name 20
Regulation and Enforcement
May 1, 2023 File name 21
Investment
May 1, 2023 File name 22
Save Water
May 1, 2023 File name 23
Benchmark to improve!
File name 25
Water Sector Industry Partnerships
1. Strategic Water Partnership Network2. Alliance for Water Stewardship3. National Cleaner Production Centre4. Coaltech5. Sasol6. Eskom
• Support through research and networks UN CEO Mandate NBI Various Associations
Challenge can bring new innovations
30
Look at Community Engagement
Be part of the Water (Energy) Sensitive Design Revolution
SEZ’s and Industry should Design for :1. Off the grid2. Efficiency3. Self-sufficiency (generating)
WSD
For reports : Downloadwww.wrc.org.za
