Haddad on the 2008 US Elections: What do they mean for development?

8/8/2019 Haddad on the 2008 US Elections: What do they mean for development?

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The US Elections: Impacts on

International Development

Lawrence Haddad

Institute of Development Studies


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Outline

Why does America matter for development?

The current US commitment to development

Candidates foreign policy framings What the candidates say

What others say

Will the election make a difference?


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Why does America matter for

Development? American sneezes and global contagion

The war on terror $, &

Multilaterialism and absent Gorillas

Control of World Bank still strong


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US: commitment to developmentaid, trade, investment, migration, environment, security, technology


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UK/US comparison

US

Strengths

Trade

Investment in poorer

countries

Weaknesses Aid

Environment

Arms exports

Improvement since2003 + 0.3 points

UK

Strengths

Investment in poorer

countries

Environment

Weaknesses Migration

Arms exports

Improvement since

2003 + 0.3 points


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McCain

Generations of service inArmed Forces

Hanoi Hilton Senate energy independence campaign finance reform reductions in pork-barrel

spending

Obama

Father, Kenyan (Luo) Lived in Indonesia as

young boy Mother worked in FordFoundation

Community organiser in

Chicago Senate

Not many clues

Backgrounds of the Candidates


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McCain: An Enduring Peace Built

on Freedom Winning the war on terror Defending the homeland Uniting the worlds

democracies Revitalising the transatlantic

partnership Shaping the Asia-Pacific

Century

Building a hemisphere ofpeace and prosperity

Aiding an AfricanRenaissance

Preventing Nuclear

Proliferation

Obama: Renewing American

Leadership Common Security for our

Common Humanity Moving Beyond Iraq Revitalising the Military Halting the Spread of Nuclear

Weapons Combating Global Terrorism Rebuilding our Partnerships

Building Just, Secure,Democratic Societies

Restoring Americas Trust

Foreign Policy Agendas: The Articles in Foreign Affairs


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What do the articles reveal?

McCain

More the Idealist school US security & prosperity

depends on outcome ofstruggles--internationalterrorism at heart--between

Future and Past, Progress andReaction, Liberty and Despotism

Exceptionalism & Leadership Next president has a mandate to

build an enduring global peaceon foundations of freedom,opportunity, prosperity and hope

Ready to show America andthe world that this countrysbest days are yet to come

Obama

More the Realist school Military strength plus

Four Freedoms & FDR

Marshall Plan & Truman

Peace Corps & JFK

Cooperation &Interconnectedness Neither retreat from nor bully the

world into submission

Security and well being ofAmericans depends on security

and well being of those who livebeyond our borders

We can be this America again To welcome American help

To want to come to America Pictures of JFK on living room

walls


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What do they say about development?McCain Obama

General I would enable entrepreneurs,exporters to increase access tointernational markets

I would press nations on the criticalimportance on good governance

I'll make the MillenniumDevelopment Goals American policy

I'll double annual foreign assistancefrom $25b to $50b by 2012

Educat-ion With a decent education, you canfree yourself from the threat ofpoverty

By 2010 I will invest at least $2billion in a Global Education Fund.

Water Recent U.S commitment to a public-private partnership to deliver cleanwater to 10 million Africans by 2010

-- example of how the U.S.can helpbring basic necessities to needypopulations

Through increased funding of up to$1.3b annually and innovativeprograms like 'play pumps,' I will

expand access to clean water andsanitation.

Health The key to eradicating manydiseases in poorer countries isthrough more accessible

preventative health care, particularlyrenatal and child care.

I will increase funding for child andmaternal health and ensure thatincreases in other important areas -

including HIV/AIDS is not at theex ense of those ro rams.

www.one.org


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VP Debate, October 2, 2008

IFILL: I want to get -- try to get you both to answer a questionthat neither of your principals quite answered when my

colleague, Jim Lehrer, asked it last week, starting with you,

Senator Biden. What promises -- given the events of the

week, the bailout plan, all of this, what promises have you

and your campaigns made to the American people that you're

not going to be able to keep?

BIDEN: Well, the one thing we might have to slow down is a

commitment we made to double foreign assistance. We'llprobably have to slow that down.


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Colin Powell endorses Obama, October 19, 2008

MR. BROKAW: What's not on the screen right now that

concerns you that should be more prominent in the minds ofthe American people and the people running for president?

GEN. POWELL: .also we have to do a lot more with respect

to poverty alleviation and helping the needy people of theworld. We need to increase the amount of resources we put

into our development programs to help the rest of the

world. Because when you help the poorest in the world, you

start to move them up an economic and social ladder, and

they're not going to be moving toward violence or terrorism

of the kind that we worry about.


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AfricaMcCain

AGOA

MCC/MCA

PEPFAR

Democracy

Reduce US Farm subsidies

AFRICOM

Obama Add Value to Agriculture

Initiative

Engage Chinese on rules ofthe road on investment in

Africa GEE, GEF

Stick with AGOA, PEPFAR,MCA

More on judiciary, parliament,enterprise

www.africa.com


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Climate change

McCain

as Senator

Vocal advocate of cap and

trade

as candidate

Dropped from speeches

Drill baby drill

Obamaas Senator

Support cap and trade, but

not outspoken

as candidate

Strong advocate, green

technologies, employment

Advocate of US cap and

trade


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TradeMcCain

A free trader to his

fingertips Irwin Stelzer,

Sunday Times

Obama

Statements on unilateral

renegotiation of NAFTA

Union support, Democratic

Congress I believe in free trade.but

not that any trade

agreement is a good

agreement (3rd debate)


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McCain will Expand AGOA

Not reform Bretton Woods

Not double aid

Not do much on climate change

Be more interventionist in

humanitarian disaster

Use MCA

Obama will Not be energetic on Doha Be energetic on Climate deal, but

then lose interest and focus ongreen jobs

Not double aid, although it willincrease

Improve Americas image

overseas Try to reform Bretton-Woods

Things they will do & more things they should

They should Reform USAID & double the Peace Corps

Lead on post-Kyoto & make trade agreements work politically

Double aid & make the MCA work better

Reduce US farm subsidies & focus on African agriculture

Improve accountability you are the change you have been waiting for


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Will the election make a difference to

development? Yes, because..

It mark the end of an extreme kind of

unipolar/unilateral conservatism

We are entering a phase where people in theUS are looking more to government good

and bad for development

It reinforces the power of democracy tocorrect mistakes

Haddad on the 2008 US Elections: What do they mean for development?

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