Hab Tish
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Transcript of Hab Tish
1. Introduction
Currently in our country ethiopia one of key indicator of urban poverty is unemployment.
Its country level rate is over 26% in this region also the problem is at higher degree
specially on women and youths between the age of 15-59,30% of them are unemployed
based on CSA report of 1999 this makes the region the 2nd largest in unemployment rate
next to Addis Ababa. To address this issue, one of the best strategy is to develop and
strengthen existing micro and small enterprise so as to create new job opportunities is a
priority task. There fore, at country level 144 development led to sectors respected and 26
of them prioritized to have full support package that include facilitation of land for selling
and production, organizing loan provision, training and markets linkages. So what is
expected of the society specially women is and youth are to get aware of this opportunity
and clearly identifying their role they should maximize their participations and benefit
from MSE development package.
1
Chapter one
Introduction
1.1. Bank ground of the study
Micro and small enterprise (SMES) are major feature of the economic development in
all developing countries toddy
Their development can help to achieve more and equitable distribution of the benefit
of economic growth and there by salve some of the problem associated with
unemployment and uneven income distribution ( Donald, 1990) small business enjoys
tradition of infinite verity and solid achievement. It played a role in history since
practically the beginning of record time. It flourished in almost all ancient customers.
Their product and servicing how ere was frequently shoddy and slipshod customers
ware often created and defrauded
The result becomes abject scorn. (source, Sicopolis Nichols
It is evident that small businesses have to contend the many challenges which may
differ from country to country. Indeed, these challenges could impact negatively on
their success and hence survival and there by threaten the health of their respective
economies. It is imperatively therefore, that together with the help of government, that
together with the help of government that together with the help of government.
Development organization and other important organization that effective strategies
ere developed to identify addresses manage and reduce negative impact of a various
2
challenges that small business force so that they would hare a better chance of
exhibiting fro with profitability, and success Even in Africa small business creates
more employment, and generate mare out put than liege business. (source, binders,
Memel “B” mlosy, CD African renaissance 2003 ) Entrepreneurship and small
business management development in Africa small business in Ethiopia have not been
able to contribute substantially as needed to economic development particularly
because of tenancies, production and marketing problem. These problems are still
major handicaps to their development. Lack of adequate finance and credit has
airways been major problem of Ethiopia small business (source, hailed Gebrsetensae
(2003) small and microenterprise creates employment opportunity for unemployed
people, small and micro enterprises is helpful for unemployed as well as employed
people as.
Many employees are participated
It is formed is small cap ital
It uses single machine
It use raw material of domestic countries
2. Statement of the problem
Small busyness cover a wide spectrum of industries and play important role regardless
of the economic development status of country (source Hailey Gebretensae, 2003 p-
23) the number of SMES in Ethiopia is steadily growing. But much more important
they their number and current status, the rate of development of SMEs I Ethiopia is
very slow. The growing intensity of international compilation and globalization is
3
affecting the growth of small microcenter prizes in developing economies. There are
also a firm specific factor such and financial or loan problem lack of managerial skill
lack of educational bank ground to be the major challenges facing small sealed
manufactories industries while the lack of sufficient capital is the leading challenges
of the informal sector operator to start there business in Ethiopia, the exiting business
associations are financially weak and mostly they have ea very limited capacity to
actually support and strength their members. The intention of researcher will identify
the problem, association with financial problem, lack of managerial skills and lack of
educational bank ground and also to asses the factor that affect te face of & M.E and
at the end give recommendation and solution to these problem.
3. Objectless of the study
3.1. General objective
The general objective of this research works is tosses the challenge facing mall and
micro enterprises in jijiga town.
3.2. Specific objectives
To identify the managerial challenges SMEs face
To identify the factors that affect financial problem in establishing or startup
small & micro enterprises
To examine the educational bank of found of association and to run their
baseness
4. Methodologies of study
4.1. Data type and sources
4
Both types of data were be gathered in the form of primary and secondary data. The
primary data will be collected using unstructured questionnaire. The secondary data
will be collected from book documents and written material of so mall businesses.
The source of data is SMEs in jijiga town creates a branch, trade, and industry written
material
4.2. Data collection method
Primary an secondary source of data are used as a source of information to conduct
this study. The primary data was be collected from the number of respondents by
using unstructured questionnaire from workers and managers. Secondary data was be
collected from a certain writhen materials about the small business.
4.3. Data processed and analysis
The data is collected from the respondent and analyzed using quantitative and
qualitative teaching ques. The quantitative section was be analyzed thorough tabulate
and percentage.
Sample size
The organization has had 120 total employees the organization, has four center that
provide the same service for their worker. Each center contains so members including
one supervisor for each of them depends on this researchers. Take 25 of the workers in
interviewing and take as sources of information from the total population.
Data analyses method
Descriptive technique wed for analysis and qualitative data interpretation of the
questionnaire. Theoretical data were also used for evaluation and assessment of
5
employees or workers. In order to arrive a certain conclusion data was edited. Classified
and tabulated
4.4. Scope and limitation of the study.
5. Scope of the study
The scope of the study is limited to assessing the challenges facing managerial
financial and educational background in small microenterprises in jijiga town.
Because the researcher focused on one small and micro enterprises association the
problem like management, credit and educational background, other problem of the
association are not be investigated.
6. Limitation of the study
The research deal wit the association of small and micro enter prize may not ability to
represent the whole problems of all micro and small enterprise. Moreover. Because
the studies limited to jijiga town. It may not be possible to generalized about the
problem of similar association in other parta of regions and country. Among
limitations was
shortage of information as review of literature
Shortage of time to collect mare information for mare detail consideration the
existing problem.
High cost of data collection processing and predation of the research for the
future. Those the above mentioned point is may be affect us when we do a
research
Shortage of reference book or lack of reference book
6
7. Significance of the study
The study focus on challenges facing small and micro enterprise the out come of this
study is useful for the owner of small business. The researcher believes the following
are some of the significance of the research.
The investigator was Learn or how to conduct scientific research
Concerned association of SMEs is under stand the cause of the problem of the
association in relation to management, financial or loan and educational level
of the association.
The research can be used as base for further research in this area.
Chapter two
Literature review
2.1. Definition on of small and micro enterprise
defining small and micro business is very difficult tool because the term “small” itself
relative in one hand and small in terms of what variables is ambiguous unless defined.
7
Most definition appear to be governed by the interest of the perceiver, the purpose of the
definition and the stage of the development of the particular environment in which the
definition to be employed.
Specifying any size standard to define small business is necessarily arbitrary, because
people adopt different standards for different purpose. For Example, legislators may
exclude small firms from certain regulations and specify ten employees as the cut off
point. Moreover, a business may be described as “small” when compared to large firms,
but “large” when compared to smaller ones.
Small and micro business are available in both developed and developing economy in
any kind of industry be it service or manufacturing, rural and urban area. Because of their
contribution to the national economy, the importance and emphasis on steps has receiving
a good attention in the minds of policy markets and planner.
In our country, ministry of trade and industry and the central static’s authority (CSA)
have defined micro and small enterprises and defined as follows.
Microenterprises: - are business found in all sectors of Ethiopia economy with a paid up
capital (fixed asset) of not more than birr 20,000
Small enterprise: - are business enterprise with a paid up capital of more than birr
20, 000 but not more than birr 500,000 but excluding high technology consultancy
firms and high technology establishments.
An organization can be small as compared to one and large as compared to the other.
8
In is also important to acknowledge the qualitative factors that distinguish a small
business from a large form. The committee for economic development has out lined four
characteristic that describe the domain in small business.
Management is independent, since the manager owns the firm
Capital is supplied by and ownership is held by one individual or a few individual
The area of operations in primarily local, although the market isn’t necessarily
local
The firm is small in comparison with the largest competitors in its own industry
(Richard M. and donated F. 2001 page 44)
2.2. Small and micro business activities
Small and micro enterprise activities in the less developed countries are receiving
increased attention from the government of these countries and from international
assistance agencies. This growth interest has been paralleled by increased international
concern for equity an deployment objective and the realization that expanded SMEs
activeness could contribute to growth and over coming in equalities within countries.
The SMEs sector is often qualified as being low in productivity, other observers point out
its efficiency generating job opportunities, despite small amount of capital available and
the relatively low skill level of those employed. While output per work hour might be
considered as modest if the market mechanism is the measure of productivity, none the
less SMEs activities to enable a large number of people to make a living and in these
senses are productive. Moreover the sector helps to satisfy the basic needs of a great part
9
of the population at a very low cost. (source Haily Gebetinsae 2003) some analysts argue
that informal activities are nearly every case subordinated to formal activities and that
over time the later will expand and the former contracts. It is considered doubtful that
high income groups demanding better quality can gain access to the market for informal
goods and service. Therefore, SMEs activities are offer regarded as representing a
marginal pole or a being “lower circuit” of the urban and rural poor. As the formal sector
is not capable of garneting jobs as fast it can generate out put informal activities can no
longer be regarded as transitory. The informal sector is likely to expand father (source
Hailey Gebretinsae, 2003)
The equation is to what extent it can create additional employment with out stagnating or
declining productivity (source Hailey Gebretinsae, 2003)
2.3. Economic social and political aspects of small business enterprise.
Small businesses (enterprise) have to play vital role in Ethiopia economy. They need a
strong support an socio economic and political grounds.
Socialistic idea
Our goal is being the establishment of socialistic pattern of society. Our objectives are
equitable distribution of wealth and decentralization of economic power. The benefit
of industrial growth should be shared by as many people as possible and should
improve the general standard of living Proliferation of small enterprise wills go a long
way in achieving these objectives.
10
The state of Ethiopia where there is a large network of small scale enterprise, with
comparatively less investment in the large scale sector, the general standard of living
is much higher than in the states where heavy investment have been made in large
scale industries.
Less capital
The main problem is that, we have vast man power but inadequate capital which has
resulted in increasing unemployment the small-scale sector has the capacity to general
a much higher degree of employment than the large scale sector.
Removing regional imbalance
Another problem is the continuous shifting of people from rural to urban areas which
causes over crowding in cities with slum conditions due to lack of social and medical
amenities which require heavy investment. This problem can be solved by inducing
people to set up small industries in rural area.
The prolific setting up of agro based industries will go along way creating a balance
in our country’s economy.
Creating self employment opportunities
In India, since independence gt was had a steady rise in the number of qualities
engineers seeking suitable jobs. But having in adequate avenues, they can have self
employment by setting up small industries with the help and expertise provided by the
government and other agencies.
Ancillary function
11
Many small scale industries units supply parts and accessories to bigger industries.
This ancillary function involved specialization in specific areas and results in greater
profitability.
Export promotion
Small scale industries are new a day’s opening up fresh avenue in export market in
our world. Realizing the importance of the small scale sector in the economy the
Ethiopia government has adopted several measures to speed up the growth for small
industries.
2.4. Opportunities and challenges of SMEs
2.4.1. Opportunities of SMEs
The desire for individuals to own and operate their own small business in growing As
stated earlier, this continual creation of new business at the heart of free enterprise
system. For individuals pursuing a career in business ownership numerous benefits can
be attained personally as will as professionally.
The next section examines the following more common opportunities of owing a small
business.
1) Independence
2) Financial opportunities
3) Community service
4) Job security
5) Family employment
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1) Independence
Most small business owners enjoy being their own boss, they like the freedom to do
things their way. Although often a great deal of responsibility is associated with this
independence, they are wiling to as sum it.
2) Financial opportunities
Another major reason for going into business for one self is financial opportunity.
Many small business owners make money running their own company than they
would be working for someone else.
3) Community service
Some times an individual will realize that a particular good or service is not available.
If the person to believe the public will pay for such out put, he or she will start a
company to provide it.
4) Job security
When one owns a business, job security is ensured. The individual can work as long
as he or she wants, no mandatory retirement exists.
5) Family employment
The opportunity to provide family members with place of employment This has
several benefits. First, many owner mangers want to perpetuate their business, and
how better to do so than to get children or relatives to take it over second, higher
moral and trust usually occur more in family run businesses than in others. Third, in
13
times of service economic downturn, small business owners can provide employment
for family members (source Hailey gebretinsea,2003 and, Richard M, Donald F.
2001) p 27-28).
2.4.2. Some general challenges faced by small business
In a recent interview with john Emmons, the honorary chairman of the federation of
small business today (FSB) in the UK the main challenges facing small business today
cited ad
Firstly, the death of distance, where be with advances in technology such as the world
wide web, small business can operate on a global scale but need to be professional and
efficient. Secondly, greater competition from larger firms and the public sector thirdly.
Having to canted with flows as they apply to employees and customers It also appeared
that regulatory and legal issues are important challenges facing small business using the
analogy that the legal issues for small business can be like climbing a mountain with
sandals and shorts. Small business practitioners may often not understand the law and as
a result may end up paining penalties and fines because of this. (source exclusive john
ammines interview (onlne), available from http://www. Startups co.uk / Yucums
Bohmjrcy, htm)
According to join, the adoption of technology by small business legs behind big business
by 2-3 years. In addition, there is the challenge of competition from Chinese business that
is selling products at much loner prices.
14
In Africa, small businesses are faced with many challenges problems. In a paper
presented by branders etal. In 2003 to the international trade conference on NEPAD
priorities, a number of pertinent issues concerning small business management
development were addressed. Though inference, many of these issues could be deemed to
the challenges facing small business in Africa and indeed South Africa.
The following issues were raised
Firstly, the key challenger falling African countries are meeting global competition.
Competitiveness in developing countries is hindered because of a lack of human
resource and developments in order for small firms to maintain narrow profit margin,
they are not able to introduce innovative improvements to products and processes which
negatively impacts on their ability to take advantage of new market opportunities,
secondly, the there most important reasons for small business failure were cited ad the
lack of business knowledge and skills, poor culture of enterprise, and the lack of available
working capital.
Thirdly, education and training were highlighted as important potential contributions to
entrepreneurial development as they can help to bring about a differential advantage in
competitive environment. In addition, technology development and transfer were also
emphasized lastly, critical constraints which could be deemed to be challenges to small
business development in Africa were identified as industrial policies and incentives
favoring large business, difficulties in raising finance, lack of knowledge on government
15
regulations, insufficient physical and institutional support infrastructure, and lack of
technical and managerial business skills
(source, MC grath, volume 1, number 1,2003, p, 57-63)
2.4.2.1. Challenges of assessing finance
One way to improve funding to small enterprise is to create special government
subsidized financial institutions catering specifically for the small business sector. The
government subsidy can be justified where the social benefits of a strong business sector
exceeds the private returns. “In improving access to finance for small business
Firstly, establishing a micro credit apex fund Secondly, new products to address short
term financial needs. Thirdly, the tabling of a new enterprise development bill in
parlianmt to provide a frame work for development bill in parliament to provide a frame
work for development adjudication and, payment of incentives to all economic sector.
2.4.2.2. Challenges of regulator environment
Small businesses face many complex challenges having to conform to regulations
emanating form government (national, regional and local) it is reassuring to note
according to minister M pava in a recent speech that efforts are being made in reducing
the regulatory burden an small business these include streaming the regulatory processes
16
simplifying the regulatory process through the provision of simple guides to
entrepreneurs and assessing the impact of regulation on employment and investment.
2.4.2.3. Challenges of dealing with increasing global competition
Small business can become marginalized throng increased global competition. However,
increased globalization can also bring about opportunities for those small business that
are well prepared. It is argued by many in governments that the new partnership for
development creates opportunities for small business to work together with government
and networks of entrepreneur to mitigate the negative effects of global competition
Example, techno net Africa which involucres entrepreneurs from 7 countries.
2.4.2.4. Other challenges facing small business
Other challenges can be addressed as follows through business link ages and strong
network (MC Grath ) liberalizing import of raw material and machinery, marketing
assistance through the formation of small business market agency provision of
information and advice to small businesses through business chambers, sector association
municipal centers, private consultants and business service suppliers.
2.5. SMEs in Ethiopia
Small scale industries have not been able to contribute cubistically as needed to the
economic development particularly because of financial, production and marketing
17
problems. These problems are still major handicaps to their development. Lack of
adequate finance and credit has always been major for problem of Ethiopia small
business. Small business don not have easy access to the capital market because they
mostly organized on proprietary partnership basis and are of very small size. They do
not have access to industrial sources of finance partly because of their size and partly
because of the fact that their surpluses which can be utilized to repay loaned are
negligible. Because of their size and partly because of the fat limited profit, they
search for funds for investment purposes. Consequently, the approval money lenders
who charge high rate of interest hence small enterprise continue to be financially
weak.
Small scale enterprise find it difficult to get raw material of good quality and at a
cheaper rates in the field of production very often they don not get raw material in
time. As a result, these enterprise very often fail to produce goods in requisite
quantities and of good quality of a law cost. Furthermore, the techniques of
production, which these enterprise have adopted are usually out dated. Because of
their poor financial position they are not able to buy new equipment consequently
their productivity suffers. Besides many small business enterprise are suffering with
the problem of marketing their products.
In is only by over coming all these constraints that small entrepreneurs can hope to
make their enter pries successful, (surce Hailay Gebretinsae 2003, p.41)
18
Chapter three
Data analysis and interpretation
3.1. Overview
The objectives of the study is to investigate the challenges of small & microenterprise
(SMLs) in jijiga and analyzed. The analysis in this paper used in the survey responses of
the employees of small and micro enterprise or business activities while presenting
employees of small & macro business activities while presenting the data in efficient
manner, the researcher has preffered to work with the summary of table developed based
on the survey response.
Table 1 what is the objectives to established this organization
Alternative No of
respondent
Percentile
Male Female Total
To reduce un employment 10 5 15 60
to reduce poverty 8 2 10 40
Total 18 7 25 100
As the above table shows 60% of respondent were said that the objectives to establishs
SME was to reduce un employment & rest 40% is reduce poverty. Generally the
objectives of SMEs was to change like standard & develop Economic growth
19
Table 2 is there available of educated person that facilitate this organization
Description No of respondent Total Percentile
Male Female
Yes 5 6 11 44
No 12 2 14 56
Total 17 8 25 100
As the above table explicititly shows that 44% of respondents are said that there where
sufficient educated person in the organization which the rest of 56% respondents are said
that there were no facilitated activity in educated man power. During our interview they
said that managerial have lack in hiring educated enough about human resource
management as the researcher understand from this may the markers is change their work
place from one organization to the other organization.
Therefore, the managerial should have employed the educated person and should hake
give the chance of education for the worker.
Table 3 Educational background
20
Education level No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Elementary 6 4 10 40
High school 10 2 12 48
Diploma 2 0 2 8
Degree 1 0 1 4
Total 19 6 25 100
The level of education attained by the respondents at the lime of the study shows that
about 88% have completed their elementary and high school in addition, these in the
category of above high school account for about 12% of total respondents. This indicate
that respondents in the education system particularly in higher level was relatively low or
very low and they may not have enough knowledge on how to operate their business
through analyzing business environments since the contents of education under lower
level is not enough to analyzed it therefore jigjiga SME office has to give training in
conjunction with govern mental institution
Table 4 is there a good managerial skill
21
Description No of respondent Total Percentile
Male Female
Yes 7 5 12 48
No 8 5 13 52
Total 15 10 25 100
As indicate in the above table 52% did not have managerial skill & rest 45% respondents
obtain good managerial skill there shows that most of respondent did not have good
managerial skill. Therefore jigjiga SME office has to more in searching and arranging to
good managerial skill to solve the managerial skill problem of the SME
Table 5 what is the fails of managerial skill??
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Lack of education 10 5 15 60
Lack of awareness 5 3 8 32
Others 2 0 2 8
Total 17 8 25 100
As indicate in the above table 60% of them said that they have lack of education 32%
they have lack of awareness, 8% organ due to there rear an in general the major reason is
lack of education. This implies that jijiga SME office has to do more slowing SME
22
managerial skill problem with the help of giving training, motivate & ere ate awareness
fro managing small & micro enter pries.
Table 6 is there any support from the government
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
By information 6 4 10 40
By work place 5 3 8 32
Credit source 4 3 7 28
Total 15 10 25 100
As the above table medicate 40% of respondents were said that the government gives the
information in addition the rest of respondents 32% &28% said the government gives
work place and credit service respectively for SME
Table 7 factor towards the organization
23
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
By education 10 5 15 60%
By experience 8 2 10 40%
Total 18 7 25 100
As the above table indicate 60% of respondents were said that who have education to
words the organization or SME and rest of 40% was to words the organization by
experience.
Generally the most of respondents were said that organization was to wards by education
Table 8 is there incvearement of payment for the worker?
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Yes 10 4 14 56
No 6 5 11 44
Total 16 9 25 100
As the above table shows that 56% of respondent were said that there was incensement of
payment for the worker. During we were interview the respondents said that there is the
incensement of payment for worker. As we understanding from them the payment may
24
depends on the giving service in that organization and also depends on the education
status. On the other hand 44% of respondents were said that there was no incensement of
payment for the worker, this implies they may have lack of
Table 9 is there any major challenges that affect the managerial to develop this organization
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Yes 10 9 19 76%
No 16 0 6 34%
Total 16 9 25 100%
As the above table shows that 76% of respondents are said that there were the managerial
challenges in organization During our interview with them they respond as the fear of
manager about the employs changes their work place. In addition the organization may
fear that the increasement of price in the market. Also the same as true the employment
rate is increase on other hand or in contrast 34% of respondent were said that there do not
have any challenge of manager in the organization
Table 10 is there any change on your life standard
Alternative No of respondent Percentile
25
Male Female Total
Yes 10 8 18 72
No 6 1 7 28
Total 16 9 25 100
As the above table shows that 72% of respondents have good in their life standard as a
researcher under standing during they conduct them there were may economic change.
What the get from small & micro enter price in terms of income in contrast the rest of
28% of respondent are dissatisfied in their life standard while they work in this
organization. During we interviewing as we intervene same of the respondents that are
dissatisfied They said that our life standard is not change than before.
b/c the salary that the organization give not enough
Table 11 is there satisfaction from this small and micro enterprise?
Alternative No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Yes 15 6 21 84%
No 4 0 4 16%
Total 19 6 25 100%
26
As the above table shows that 84% of respondents said that there were a satisfaction in
this organization. As we observed that during we conduct this research is small and micro
enterprise where open a great job opportunity for the people those who have no a job
On the other hand 16 percent respondent’s dissatisfaction during we interviewed then this
implies they may do no have sufficient of orientation, and training program respectively
on the area of their work
As the researcher understanding during contact or interviewed them there ware no
enough payment of wages for the worker at the same level.
Table 12 there any support from the government
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
By information 6 4 01 40
By work place 5 3 8 32
By credit service 4 3 7 28
Total 15 10 25 100%
As the above table indicate 40% of respondents were said that the government gives the
information in addition other respondents 32% and 28% said the gourmet gruels the work
place & credit service fro SME organization
Table 13 factor to wards the organization in
27
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
By seduction 10 5 15 60%
By experience 8 2 10 40%
Total 18 7 25 100%
As the above table indocile 60% of respondents were said that person who have
education has to words the organization or SME 4 rest of 40% is to wards the
organization by experience. Generally most the respondents were said thorough was
towards by education
Table 14 is there development of rank
Description No of respondent Percentile
Male Female Total
Yes 8 6 14 56
No 8 3 11 44
Total 16 9 25 100
As the above table shows 56% of respondents said that there was development of ranks
and the rest of 44% there was no development of rank as we understand during we
conduct them these development was may depend on educational level
Table 15 factor that affect SME
Description No of respondent Percentile
28
Male Female Total
Lack financial 8 4 12 48
Lack of enough 4 3 7 28
Malaria 4 2 6 24
Total 16 9 25 100
As the above table shows 48% of residents were said that there was lack of financial
Which affect small & micro enterprise?
On other hand rest of 28% and 24% were said that where was a lack of education and
enough material respectively according to their opinion as we interviewed them.
Therefore the manager may some challenges to run objectless of organization.
Chapter four
29
Summery, conclusion and recommendation
4.1. Summery
Micro and small enter prizes in developing countries stems largely from the wide spread
concern over unemployment and uneven in come distribution. Governments in most
developing countries are current, interested in the effects of micro and small enterprise
sector job creation
The objective of this study was to identify the challenges micro and small enterprise in
jijiga town
To this end , the 32 micro and small enterprise to leach better understanding on the
factors that influencer their operation the sample from was taken from formally registered
micro and small enterprise by the jijiga SME, office among the registered SMEs types of
business sectors were selected. Based on researcher assumption that the sectors would
be easy to reach for collecting the data.
In addition judgment sampling methods wad applied to select samples from micro and
small enterprises. Analysis was done using frequency distribution and percentage.
30
Conclusion
The data pertained to this to was collected in the form of questionnaire as we
understanding form the respondent the study of 60% were said that the objectives of SME
was deterrent alternatives such like to reduce unemployment and to reduce the poverty.
As these shown most the respondents said that there were available of educated person to
facilitate the organization.
The results show that small and micro enterprise owners 88% of respondents have
compelled their elementary and high school.
When we study 52% of them said that there were no a good managerial skill and rest of
them were said there were no good managerial sail,
When we study 60% of respondents said that there were a tails of managerial skill in
different alternatives ways such like lack of education lack of awarnes and others
Most of respondents were said that there were the support by government by information
work place, and giving credit service.
We can see the study 60% of respondents respond that they were to wards the
organization good by education and rest of them was by experience. The respondents
acquire there technical & managerial skill through education rather than form experience
or training
31
In the study 56% the respondents obtained the increment of pavement depends on the
giving service in that organization and others was depends on education status.
As he data obtained from the respondents there were change on their life interms of
incensement of salaria and rest of them were not. Because of no equal payment for the
worker
Respondents have gave different answers to the question above aspects like a factor
affect was lack of education lack of financial and lack enough material
32
4.3. Recommendation
The finding show important implication for SME support groups including the
government and researchers and academics in the areas of entre premiership, micro and
small business development. The nature of the problems that identifies in study varies in
their complexity some of them can be easily solved by the owners of the SMEs with out
he help of government. Some problems can also be solved easily by governmental and
non governmental stokehold for instances assistances and trainings business license
some other problems may not be solved easily by the government and non govern mental
stakeholders, my recommendations to the problems are as follows.
The designing and implementation of micro & small business assistance programs should
be based on the identification and proration of critical factors. Al l problems do not have
equal degree of complexities, magnititude or impact on micro and small biasness
performance. Digger rent problems with diffident degree of perceived impact on SMEs
can be addressed at different times in different ways depending on the availability of
resource and situations in the operating environment.
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Bibliography
1.Rechard M, Donald F, effective small business management 7 th ed. Harcourt, floreda
international university, 2001.
2. Haily Gebretinsae, entrepreneurship and small business management
3. Carl. D and Donald, H., small enterprise and economic development 1999
4. Sincopolis Nicholas, small business management 6th . 1997
5. Mc grath’s volume 1, number 1, 2003.
6. John emmins interview (on line) available from http://www. Startups. Uk/ yueums
BOhmirecg, html.
7. manual, report and other material of the organization
8. Brinders, J membela, B, mlosy, C.D. African renaissance 2003 entrepreneurship and
small business management development in Africa.
9. Dewhurst and paul, small business management 3rd ed, 1983
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