1. World War II

2. Treaty of VersaillesGermany blamed for WWI German war reparations 3. The Versailles TreatyGermany Blamed for war Lost colonies New countries formed out theirs Paid (war debts) reparations (~33 Billion$) 4. The Great Depression World-wide economic devastation 5. Problems in Europe After Great Depression WWIEconomic = people were joblessPolitical = weak governments couldnot solve problems in theircountries..Fear of Jews andCommunistsSocial = times of unrest people lookfor a leader. 6. Rise of Foreign Dictatorshipssocial desperation and unrest promise of dictators to changeproblems 7. Power of government rests in one man.TOTAL POWERNo freedoms in this society..Usually racist and discriminatory towards certain groupsOften have large militaries and mustexpand and conquer to gain approval from their people. 8. TotalitarianAdolph Hitler dictators came to Benito Mussolini power during the 1920s and 1930s inJoseph Stalin Europe.Totalitarian dictators have total power.There are no freedoms in this type of society..Usually racist and discriminatory towards certaingroupsOften have large militaries and must expand and conquer to gain approval from their people. COMMUNISM, FASCISM AND NAZISM ARE TOTALITARIAN DICTATORSHIPS! 9. Communist govt established Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(U.S.S.R) govt control of all territories Josef Stalin, dictator massive effort to industrialize no opposition tolerated 10. Joseph Stalin 1921/Soviet UnionCommunism Spread Communismthroughout the worldStalin maneuvered himself into becoming the leaderof the Soviet Union. The Russian Revolution was led by the people tooverthrow a monarch but when the new ruling classtook over, there were no protections of peoples rights NO BILL OF RIGHTS Communism and fascism are similar in their ideologies 11. Benito Mussolini created Fascist Party condemned Democracy, Socialism, &Communism defended capitalism regulated by govt slow economic recovery blamed world economic conditions 12. Benito Mussolini 1922/Italy---Facism Believe, Obey and Fight Revive the Roman EmpireFACISM: BASED ON A SYMBOL OF AUTHORITY IN THE OLD ROMANEMPIREaphilosophy or system of government that advocates or exercises adictatorship, state control of industry, racial superiority, supremacy of the leader, limitscivil rights, together with an ideology of belligerent nationalism, militarism and expansion.. 13. wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) while in prison book detailing political ideas for Germany rebuilt Nazi Party took control of Germany established Fascist state 14. The Rise of Adolph Hiler Born in AustriaFought in WWI and was bittertowards the Treaty of Versailles 15. The Rise of Adolph Hiler After the war his job in the army was to keep tabs on different political parties. Hitler already shows anti-Semitic views.Discovers a small political party known as TheNational Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI)Begins to work himself into the leadership positionsof the Nazi partyNovember 1923- The "Beer Hall Putsch, Hitler and theNazis try to overthrow the local government ofMunich, Germany. 16. The Rise of Adolph Hitler It fails and Hitler is arrested.He is convicted 1924 and serves 9 months out of a 5-year sentence.Hitler writes his book Mein Kampf or My StruggleAfter his release from prison he continued to workwith the Nazi party to take over Germany. 17. ANTI-SEMITISMANTI-JEWISH.THE HATRED OFJEWS, THEIR CULTURE AND RELIGION.IT IS THE PRACTICE OF RACISMTHAT LEADS TO ALL FORMS OFHOSTILITY DIRECTED TOWARDSTHE JEWS. 18. removed German Jews from jobs Nuremberg Laws deprived German Jews of Germancitizenship banned marriages between Jews andnon-Jews Kristallnacht night of broken glass massive destruction of Jewish property 19. A Common Enemy Hitler blames Jews and Communistsfor problems of Germany Loss of WWI German Economic Depression Jews identified as a race not areligion Anti-Semitism A New Education Begins Save purity of German race. Aryan Virtues----Nuremberg Lawsnuremberg 20. Two Phases of Hatred Phase 1 1933-1939 A Common Enemy : Re-Education Citizenship Rights? German Jews face deportation Violence Escalates----Kristalnacht Phase 2 (1939-1945) World War II begins vs. France/England Holocaust Begins--- The Final Solution Ghettos and Forced Labor Camps mass executions of Jews and EasternEuropeans. Gas Chamber 21. Hitler blamed Jews for Germany losing WWI Believed Germans superior race Final Solution plan to rid world of all Jewsand undesirables round up Jews and place in concentrationscamps Healthy ones work as slave labor elderly, sick, & young children exterminated 22. economy hurt by Depression loss of world markets military leaders rose to power built up military invaded Manchuria in northeastern China for resources formed military agreement with Germany & Italy 23. Took the form of a god Japans Manifest Destiny was to expand into China and the rest of Asia.Empire of the SunEmperor Horhito 24. 1931/Japan, expansionist and military leaderWould threaten our island possessionsand U.S. tradepolicy intoChina, Open DoorPolicy.Hideki Tojo 25. Neutrality Act of 1935 illegal for Americans to sell arms to anynation at war Neutrality Act of 1937 contd ban on arms sale to nations at war warring nations only buy nonmilitary supplies on cash & carry basis 26. Japan, Germany & Italy formed theAxis Powers Feb. 1938 Hitler announcedAnschluss unification of Austria& Germany, first area unified 27. GERMANEXPANSION 1935 to1939, unopposed bythe League of Nations.Rhineland 1936 Austria 1938 28. SudetenlandPart of Germanybefore WWI.Treaty ofVersailles created Czechoslovakia7,450,000 Czechs 3,200,000Germans 2,300,000Slovaks720,000 Magyars560,000 Ruthenes 100,000 Poles 29. Leaders met in Munich to decide thefate of Czechoslovakia..Hitler believed Sudetenland should bepart of Germany. Adolf Hitler--GermanyNeville ChamberlainEnglandPremier Edouard Deladier---France Benito Mussolini--Italy Hitler promised the world if hereceived the Sudetenland, there wouldbe no war. 30. German demands for the Sudetenland are met = All I want, is a Germany for GermansAll Chamberlain wanted was peace at any cost.Chamberlain believed that by sacrificing Czechoslovakia he had satisfiedHitler and he would stop being aggressive; he promised a peace with honor peace in our time. Chamberlain gave into Hitler (appeasement) Hitler got the Sudetenland. 31. FDR sent a letter to Hitlerasking him to honor the MunichConferenceLater in 1939, Hitler wouldinvade and take the rest of Czechoslovakia.The United States learned from the Munich Conferencethat you cannot trust the words of a dictator 32. What is thecartoonist trying to say here?What is meant by, we mightas well try to appease him? How does the cartoonist justify his decision toappease Hitler? Notice the Americancountries. What is this symbolic of?Umbrella Road 33. Hitler demanded Sudetenland Hitler then demanded return of Danzig He also wanted right to build highway andrailroad across Polish corridor With these demands for territory in Poland, GB & France realize appeasement had failed Sept 1, 1939, with Soviet support, Germanyinvades Poland Sept 3, 1939 GB & France declare war onGermany WORLD WAR II BEGINS