guia para la remineralizacion de aguas desaladas.PDF
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Transcript of guia para la remineralizacion de aguas desaladas.PDF
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portadaBil(ConLomo)OK.pdf 25/8/10 12:07:19
GUÍA PARA LA REMINERALIZACIÓN DE LAS AGUAS DESALADAS
GUIDELINE FOR THE REMINERALISATION OF DESALINATED WATERS
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AGRADECIMIENTO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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LA REMINERALIZACIÓN, GARANTÍA DE CALIDAD DEL AGUA DESALADA
PREFACIO PREFACE
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7D&S/"'%/"+&2-/&'(%&+**%**1%#'&-2&)%*+,"#+'%)&+#)&/%1"#%/+,"*%)&>+'%/*&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD77
UD&F.'"1;1&,%4%,*&-2&/%1"#%/+,"*+'"-#&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDU9
9D&C#)"/%$'&$+,$;,+'"-#&-2&'(%&P!C&+#)&!6@&-2&/%1"#%/+,"*%)&>+'%/
& 2/-1&)+'+&-#&HS&+#)&VM&./"-/&'-&+#)&2-,,->"#0&/%1"#%/+,"*+'"-#&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD9W
XD&I%$(#"G;%*&2-/&'(%&/%1"#%/+,"*+'"-#&-2&)%*+,"#+'%)&>+'%/*&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDX9
WD&V/-$%);/%&2-/&'(%&*+1.,"#0:&$-#*%/4+'"-#&+#)&+#+,<*"*&-2&)%*+,"#+'%)&+#)&/%1"#%/+,"*%)&>+'%/*&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDY8
YD&L"K%*&-2&/%1"#%/+,"*%)&+#)&)%*,"#+'%)&>+'%/*&DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDY9
ÍNDICE
INDEX
T
OBJETIVOS DE LA GUÍA
<&'6;K%B8E6'7%#%)"&'+%'%3B"':$M"'%3'8&$3B)")2'5")B8%#+6'5)8#08-5"&1%#B%'+%'+"B63'+%'0"1562'&63'0)8B%)863'4$%'+%;%#'$B8&8,")3%'5")"'%E"&$")'06))%0B"1%#B%'&"'0"&8+"+'+%'&"3'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3'D')%18#%)"&8,"+"32'D'C"08&8B")'"3M'%&'0$15&818%#B6'+%'&"'#6)1"B8-E"'5")"'"7$"3'+%'";"3B%0818%#B6'+%'&"'L<']NH'T@?^>??V_J'
<#'06#0)%B62'&63'6;K%B8E63'%35%0M!'063'+%'&"':$M"'36#`'
a'<3B";&%0%)'&63'0)8B%)863'+%'B61"'+%'1$%3B)"3'D'0*&0$&6'+%'&63')%3$&B"+63'"#"&MB8063'4$%'5%)18B"#'+%!'#8)'06))%0B"-1%#B%'&"'0"&8+"+'&"3'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3'D')%18#%)"&8,"+"3b'a'<3B";&%0%)'0$*&%3'+%;%#'3%)'&63'#8E%&%3'95B8163'+%')%18#%)"&8,"089#'+%#B)6'+%'$#'063B%')",6#";&%ba'<3B";&%0%)'$#'1IB6+6'8#+8)%0B6'5")"'&"'E"&6)"089#'+%&'7)"+6'+%')%18#%)"&8,"089#'"'B)"EI3'&63'8#0)%1%#B63'%#'%&'5('D'&"'S<J'
RESUMEN DE LOS TRABAJOS REALIZADOS
<#'%3B"':$M"'3%'%#B8%#+%'56)'c"7$"'+%3"&"+"d'"4$%&&"'4$%'5)6E8%#%'+8)%0B"1%#B%'+%'&"'9316383'8#E%)3"J'<&'"7$"'+%3"-&"+"'3%'%#B8%#+%'4$%'%3'$#'"7$"'38#')%18#%)"&8,")J'<&'"7$"'+%3"&"+"')%08;%' B"1;8I#'%&'#61;)%'+%'5%)1%"+6J' '<3' 81-56)B"#B%'B%#%)'%#'0$%#B"'4$%'&63'+"B63'4$%'3%'1"#%K"#'5")"'&"'%&";6)"089#'+%'%3B"':$M"'5)60%+%#' B6+63'+%'5&"#B"3'+%'+%3"&"089#'+%'"7$"'+%'1")J'
<&' B)";"K6' 8#0&$D%2' %#' 5)81%)' &$7")2' $#"' %OB%#3"' 06#3$&B"';8;&867)*!'0"'36;)%'%3B63'B%1"3'D'%#'%35%08"&'36;)%'&63'%3-B*#+")%3'+%'0"&8+"+'D'1IB6+63'"#"&MB8063J
[")"&%&"1%#B%2' 3%' A"#' )%"&8,"+6' $#"' 3%)8%' +%' "#*&8383' +%'"7$"3' +%3"&"+"3' 5)60%+%#B%3' +%' +83B8#B"3' +%3"&"+6)"3' 06#'%&'!'#'+%'%3B$+8")'%&'06156)B"18%#B6'+%'%3B"3'"7$"3'%#'06#-B"0B6'06#'&"'"B193C%)"J
/' 06#B8#$"089#2' 3%' "#"&8,")6#' &63' 0)8B%)863' +%' %E"&$"089#'1*3'C)%0$%#B%3'D'%#'%35%08"&'%&'M#+80%'+%'3"B$)"089#'+%'P"#-7%&8%)']P.F_'D'%&'5)60%+818%#B6'5")"'%&'0*&0$&6'+%&'5('+%'3"B$)"089#']5(3"B_J'
<#' ;"3%' B"1;8I#' "' +"B63' 06#0)%B63' 3%' A"#' %O"18#"+6' &"3'0")"0B%)M3B80"3'+%'&"3'"7$"3')%18#%)"&8,"+"3'D'3$'06156)B"-18%#B6'%#'06#B"0B6'06#'&"'"B193C%)"J'<&'6;K%B8E6'%)"'+%163-B)")'0$*&%3'36#'&63'#8E%&%3'95B8163'+%')%18#%)"&8,"089#'4$%'7")"#B8,"#'$#'P.F'%3B";&%'D'$#'06#3$16'1M#816'+%'Se
>J'
[")"'%E"&$")'1%K6)'&63')%3$&B"+632'3%')%"&8,")6#'381$&"086-#%3'1"B%1*B80"3'%35%0M!'0"3'36;)%'&"')%18#%)"&8,"089#2'$B8-&8,"#+6'5)67)"1"3'+%'0*&0$&6'06#';"3%'B%9)80"'"K$3B"+63'"'5")B8)'+%'+"B63'%15M)8063J
RESUMEN Y CONCLUSIONES
'?J'N<.L!<W'f'SeWSPL.FeW<.
L#"'5")B%'8156)B"#B%'+%'&63'B)";"K63'A"'38+6'%#C60"+"'A"08"'%&'%3B$+86'+%'&63'0"1;863'+%'&"'0615638089#'+%'&"3'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3'5)6E60"+63'56)'&"')%18#%)"&8,"089#J''<&'6;K%B8E6'%)"'%3B";&%0%)'$#'1IB6+6'4$%'5%)18B8%)"'%&'0*&0$&6'8#+8)%0B6'+%&'P.F2'"3M'0616'6B)63'M#+80%32'"'5")B8)'+%&'8#0)%1%#B6'+%&'5('D'+%'&"'S<J
P"' :$M"' 8#0&$D%' B"1;8I#' $#' )%3$1%#' +%' &"3' BI0#80"3' +%')%18#%)"&8,"089#'06#'%35%08"&'A8#0"58I' %#' &"3' BI0#80"3'+%'&63'&%0A63'+%'0"&08B"'+%'+638!'0"089#'06#'&%0A"+"'+%'0"&J'.%'8#0&$D%' B"1;8I#'$#"'3%)8%'+%')%061%#+"086#%3'"' B%#%)'%#'0$%#B"'%#'&"'+638!'0"089#'+%'Se
>J
P"':$M"'8#0&$D%'$#'0"5MB$&6'06#'8#+80"086#%3'5")"'%&'1$%3-B)6'D'"#*&8383'+%'&"3'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3'D')%18#%)"&8,"+"3'"B%#-+8%#+6'"'3$';"K"'"&0"&8#8+"+'D'"'&"'C"08&8+"+'06#'4$%'E")M"'3$'06#B%#8+6'%#'Se
>J
[6)' Q&B8162' &"' :$M"' 8#0&$D%' $#' %3B$+86' +%' 5)67)"1"3' +%'381$&"089#' +%'1%,0&"3' D' 3$' $B8&8+"+' 5")"' "#"&8,")' %&' 56)'08%#B6'+%'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3'4$%'5$%+%#'1%,0&")3%'06#'"7$"3')%18#%)"&8,"+"3'6'"7$"3'06#B8#%#B"&%3'+$)"3J
CONCLUSIONES
P"':$M"'06#3B"'+%'38%B%'0"5MB$&63J'/'06#B8#$"089#'3%')%3$1%#'&"3'06#0&$386#%3'1*3'8156)B"#B%3'+%'0"+"'$#6'+%'%&&63J'
1. Características de las aguas desaladas
P"3'"7$"3'+%3"&"+"3')%356#+%#'"'$#"'36&$089#'06#'$#'06#-B%#8+6'1%+86'%#'39&8+63'B6B"&%3'+83$%&B63'+%'>g?'17'.YH^P2'+6#+%'"5)6O81"+"1%#B%'%&'\>h'%3'S&W"J' 'P"3'"7$"3'+%-3"&"+"3' B8%#%#'$#'06#B%#8+6'1$D';"K6'+%'(Se
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<&'5('"'&"'3"&8+"'+%'&63';"3B8+6)%3'+%'9316383'8#E%)3"'6308&"'+%3+%'X2V'"'Z2\2'+%5%#+8%#+6'+%'&"3'06#+8086#%3'+%'65%)"-089#'+%' &"'5&"#B"J'S6))%356#+8%#B%1%#B%2' %&' 06#B%#8+6'%#'Se
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T>
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1.3 Results and discussion
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1.3.4 Comportamiento del agua desalada en contacto con la atmósfera
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1.3.1 Sobre la relación CO2-pH en las aguas desaladas
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1.3.3 Sobre los contenidos en Ca2+ y Mg2+
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4.1 Introduction
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4.2 Materials and methods
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4.3 Results
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