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3GPP TS 05.08 V8.11.0 (2001-08)Technical Specification
3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE
Radio Access Network;Radio subsystem link control
(Release 1999)
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
R
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.
The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.
This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPPonly. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this
Specification.Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.
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3GPP
Keywords
GSM, radio
3GPP
Postal address
3GPP support office address
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Internet
http://www.3gpp.org
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorised by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restrictions extend to reproduction in all
media.
2001 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, CWTS, ETSI, T1, TTA, TTC).All rights reserved.
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Contents
Contents...............................................................................................................................................3
Foreword..............................................................................................................................................7
1 Scope................................................................................................................................................81.1 References........................................................................................................................................................8
1.2 Abbreviations...................................................................................................................................................9
2 General..............................................................................................................................................9
3 Handover.........................................................................................................................................113.1 Overall process...............................................................................................................................................11
3.2 MS measurement procedure........................................................................................................................ ...113.3 BSS measurement procedure..........................................................................................................................11
3.4 Strategy...........................................................................................................................................................11
4 RF power control............................................................................................................................124.1 Overall process...............................................................................................................................................124.2 MS implementation........................................................................................................................................12
4.3 MS power control range.................................................................................................................................124.4 BSS implementation...................................................................................................................................... .13
4.5 BSS power control range................................................................................................................................134.6 Strategy...........................................................................................................................................................13
4.7 Timing............................................................................................................................................................134.8 Dedicated channels used for a voice group call or voice broadcast...............................................................14
5 Radio link failure............................................................................................................................145.1 Criterion..........................................................................................................................................................14
5.2 MS procedure.................................................................................................................................................155.3 BSS procedure................................................................................................................................................15
6 Idle mode tasks...............................................................................................................................156.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................156.2 Measurements for normal cell selection.........................................................................................................166.3 Measurements for stored list cell selection....................................................................................................16
6.4 Criteria for cell selection and reselection.......................................................................................................176.5 Downlink signalling failure........................................................................................................................... .18
6.6 Measurements for Cell Reselection................................................................................................................196.6.1 Monitoring of received signal level and BCCH data..................................................................................19
6.6.2 Path loss criteria and timings for cell re-selection.......................................................................................206.6.3 Cell reselection algorithm for SoLSA................................................................................................... ......20
6.6.4 Measurements on cells of other radio access technologies.........................................................................216.6.5 Algorithm for cell re-selection from GSM to UTRAN.............................................................................. .22
6.7 Release of TCH and SDCCH.........................................................................................................................23
6.7.1 Normal case.................................................................................................................................................236.7.2 Call re-establishment...................................................................................................................................23
6.8 Abnormal cases and emergency calls.............................................................................................................24
7 Network pre-requisites....................................................................................................................247.1 BCCH carriers................................................................................................................................................24
7.2 Identification of surrounding BSS for handover measurements....................................................................25
7.3 Handover measurements on other radio access technologies.........................................................................26
8 Radio link measurements................................................................................................................278.1 Signal level.....................................................................................................................................................27
8.1.1 General 27
8.1.2 Physical parameter.......................................................................................................................................278.1.3 Statistical parameters...................................................................................................................................28
8.1.4 Range of parameter......................................................................................................................................298.1.5 Measurement quantity for other radio access technologies.........................................................................298.1.5.1 UTRAN FDD...........................................................................................................................................29
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8.1.5.2 UTRAN TDD...........................................................................................................................................298.1.5.3 cdma2000.................................................................................................................................................29
8.2 Signal quality..................................................................................................................................................308.2.1 General 30
8.2.2 Physical parameter.......................................................................................................................................308.2.3 Statistical parameters...................................................................................................................................30
8.2.4 Range of parameter RXQUAL....................................................................................................................31
8.2.5 Range of parameters MEAN_BEP and CV_BEP.................................................................................... ...328.3 Aspects of discontinuous transmission (DTX)...............................................................................................348.4 Measurement reporting...................................................................................................................................34
8.4.1 Measurement reporting for the MS on a TCH.............................................................................................348.4.1.1 Measurement reporting for the MS on an E-TCH in FPC mode..............................................................35
8.4.2 Measurement reporting for the MS on a SDCCH.......................................................................................36
8.4.3 Additional cell reporting requirements for multi band MS....................................................................... ..36
8.4.4 Common aspects for the MS on a TCH or a SDCCH.................................................................................378.4.5 Measurement reporting for the BSS......................................................................................................... ...37
8.4.6 Extended measurement reporting................................................................................................................378.4.7 Additional cell reporting requirements for multi-RAT MS........................................................................38
8.4.8 Enhanced Measurement Reporting..............................................................................................................388.4.8.1 Reporting Priority.....................................................................................................................................39
8.4.8.2 Measurement Reporting...........................................................................................................................398.5 Absolute MS-BTS distance.......................................................................................................................... ..40
8.5.1 General 408.5.2 Physical parameter.......................................................................................................................................40
9 Control parameters..........................................................................................................................41
10 GPRS mode tasks..........................................................................................................................4610.1 Cell Re-selection..........................................................................................................................................4610.1.1 Monitoring the received signal level and PBCCH data.............................................................................47
10.1.1.1 Packet idle mode.....................................................................................................................................4710.1.1.2 Packet transfer mode..............................................................................................................................47
10.1.1.3 Monitoring cells of other radio access technologies..............................................................................4910.1.2 Cell Re-selection Criteria..........................................................................................................................50
10.1.3 Cell Re-selection Algorithm......................................................................................................................5010.1.3.1 Abnormal cell reselection.......................................................................................................................51
10.1.3.2 Algorithm for cell re-selection from GSM to UTRAN......................................................................... .5210.1.4 Network controlled Cell re-selection.........................................................................................................52
10.1.4.1 Measurement reporting...........................................................................................................................5310.1.4.2 Cell re-selection command................................................................................................................... ..54
10.1.4.3 Exceptional cases....................................................................................................................................5510.1.5 Extended Measurement reporting..............................................................................................................55
10.2 RF Power Control.........................................................................................................................................56
10.2.1 MS output power.......................................................................................................................................5610.2.2 BTS output power......................................................................................................................................57
10.2.3 Measurements at MS side..........................................................................................................................58
10.2.3.1 Deriving the C value...............................................................................................................................58
10.2.3.1.1 Packet idle mode..................................................................................................................................5810.2.3.1.2 Packet transfer mode...........................................................................................................................5910.2.3.2 Derivation of Channel Quality Report...................................................................................................60
10.2.3.2.1 Packet transfer mode...........................................................................................................................6010.2.3.2.2 Packet idle mode..................................................................................................................................63
10.2.3.2.3 Measurement reporting........................................................................................................................6310.2.4 Measurements at BSS side........................................................................................................................64
10.3 Measurement requirements..........................................................................................................................6410.4 Control parameters.......................................................................................................................................64
11 CTS mode tasks............................................................................................................................6911.1 CTS idle mode tasks.....................................................................................................................................69
11.1.1 CTS cell selection......................................................................................................................................69
11.1.1.1 Synchronization and measurements for CTS cell selection...................................................................6911.1.1.2 Initial sychronization of CTS-MS..........................................................................................................7011.1.2 Criterion for CTS cell selection.................................................................................................................70
11.1.3Monitoring of CTSBCH and CTSPCH......................................................................................................70
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11.1.3.1 Monitoring of received signal level........................................................................................................7011.1.3.2 Downlink beacon failure........................................................................................................................70
11.1.3.3 Downlink paging failure.........................................................................................................................7111.1.4 Procedures with reporting to the CTS-FP.................................................................................................71
11.1.4.1 AFA monitoring.....................................................................................................................................7111.1.4.2 BCCH detection......................................................................................................................................71
11.1.4.3 Observed Frequency Offset (OFO) measurement..................................................................................72
11.2 Intra-cell handover........................................................................................................................................7211.2.1 Overall process..........................................................................................................................................7211.2.2 CTS-MS measurement procedure.............................................................................................................72
11.2.3 CTS-FP measurement procedure...............................................................................................................7211.2.4 Strategy......................................................................................................................................................72
11.3 RF power control......................................................................................................................................... .72
11.3.1 Overall process..........................................................................................................................................72
11.3.2 CTS-MS implementation...........................................................................................................................7311.3.3 CTS-MS power control range...................................................................................................................73
11.3.4 CTS-FP implementation........................................................................................................................... .7311.3.5 CTS-FP power control range.....................................................................................................................73
11.3.6 Strategy......................................................................................................................................................7311.3.7 Timing.......................................................................................................................................................74
11.4 Radio link failure..........................................................................................................................................7411.4.1 Criterion.....................................................................................................................................................74
11.4.2 CTS-MS procedure....................................................................................................................................7411.4.3 CTS-FP procedure.....................................................................................................................................74
11.5 Radio link measurements.............................................................................................................................7411.5.1 Signal strength...........................................................................................................................................75
11.5.1.1 General 7511.5.1.2 Physical parameter..................................................................................................................................75
11.5.1.3 Statistical parameters..............................................................................................................................7511.5.1.4 Range of parameter.................................................................................................................................75
11.5.2 Signal quality.............................................................................................................................................7511.5.2.1 General 75
11.5.2.2 Physical parameter..................................................................................................................................75
11.5.2.3 Statistical parameters..............................................................................................................................7511.5.2.4 Range of parameter.................................................................................................................................75
11.5.3 Aspects of discontinuous transmission (DTX)..........................................................................................75
11.5.4 Measurement reporting for the CTS-MS on a TCH..................................................................................7511.6 Control of CTS-FP service range.................................................................................................................76
11.7 Control parameters.......................................................................................................................................76
12 COMPACT Mode Tasks...............................................................................................................7812.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................7812.2 Network Pre-requisites.................................................................................................................................78
12.2.1 CPBCCH carriers......................................................................................................................................7812.3 COMPACT Idle Mode Tasks.......................................................................................................................78
12.3.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................................78
12.3.2 Measurements for COMPACT Cell Selection....................................................................................... ...7912.3.3 Measurements for COMPACT Stored List Cell Selection........................................................................7912.3.4 Criteria for COMPACT Cell Selection.....................................................................................................79
12.3.5 Downlink Signalling Failure.....................................................................................................................8012.4 COMPACT Cell Reselection.......................................................................................................................80
12.4.1 Monitoring the received signal level and CPBCCH data......................................................................... .8012.4.1.1 Packet idle mode.....................................................................................................................................80
12.4.1.2 Packet transfer mode..............................................................................................................................8112.4.2 COMPACT cell reselection criteria..........................................................................................................82
12.4.3 COMPACT cell reselection algorithm................................................................................................... ...8212.4.4 Network controlled Cell reselection..........................................................................................................82
12.4.5 COMPACT cell reselection measurement opportunities....................................................................... ...82
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Annex A (informative):
Definition of a basic GSM or DCS 1 800 handover and RF power
control algorithm.............................................................................83
A.1 Scope...........................................................................................................................................83
A.2 Functional requirement...............................................................................................................83
A.3 BSS pre-processing and threshold comparisons..........................................................................83A.3.1 Measurement averaging process.................................................................................................................84A.3.2 Threshold comparison process...................................................................................................................85
A.3.2.1 RF power control process....................................................................................................................... .85A.3.2.2 Handover Process....................................................................................................................................86
A.4 BSS decision algorithm...............................................................................................................87A.4.1 Internal intracell handover according to radio criteria: (Interference problems).......................................87
A.4.2 Internal handover according to other criteria.............................................................................................88A.4.3 General considerations...............................................................................................................................88
A.5 Channel allocation.......................................................................................................................88
A.6 Handover decision algorithm in the MSC...................................................................................88
Annex B (informative):
Power Control Procedures..............................................................91
B.1 Open loop control........................................................................................................................91
B.2 Closed loop control.....................................................................................................................91
B.3 Quality based control...................................................................................................................92
B.4 BTS power control......................................................................................................................92
B.5 Example......................................................................................................................................93
B.6 Interworking between normal and fast power control for ECSD.................................................94
Annex C (informative):Example Interference Measurement Algorithm............................95
Annex D (informative):
Example Selection of Modulation and Coding Schemes based on
Link Quality Reports ......................................................................96
Annex E (informative):
Change history.................................................................................97
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Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following
formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the
TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
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1 Scope
The present document specifies the Radio sub-system link control implemented in the Mobile Station (MS), BaseStation System (BSS) and Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) of the digital cellular telecommunications systems
GSM.
Unless otherwise specified, references to GSM also include operation in any band.
1.1 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the
present document.
References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document(including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document
in the same Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TR 01.04: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Abbreviations and
acronyms".
[2] 3GPP TS 03.03: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Numbering,
addressing and identification".
[3] 3GPP TS 03.09: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Handoverprocedures".
[4] 3GPP TS 03.22: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Functions related to
Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group receive mode".
[5] 3GPP TS 04.04: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Layer 1; General
requirements".
[6] 3GPP TS 04.06: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile Station -Base Station System (MS - BSS) interface; Data Link (DL) layer specification".
[7] 3GPP TS 04.18: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile radio
interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control Protocol".
[8] 3GPP TS 05.02: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Multiplexing and
multiple access on the radio path".
[9] 3GPP TS 05.05: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Radio transmission
and reception".
[10] 3GPP TS 05.10: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Radio subsystem
synchronization".
[11] 3GPP TS 06.11: "Digital cellular telecommunications system; Full rate speech; Substitution
and muting of lost frames for full rate speech channels".
[12] 3GPP TS 08.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile-services
Switching Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface, Layer 3 specification".
[13] 3GPP TS 08.58: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Base Station
Controller - Base Transceiver Station (BSC - BTS) interface; Layer 3 specification".
[14] 3GPP TS 11.10: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile Station (MS)
conformity specification".
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[15] 3GPP TS 03.64: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); General PacketRadio Service (GPRS); Overall description of the GPRS Radio Interface; Stage 2".
[16] 3GPP TS 03.52: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GSM CordlessTelephony System (CTS), Phase 1; Lower layers of the CTS Radio Interface; Stage 2".
[17] 3GPP TS 04.56: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GSM Cordless
Telephony System (CTS), Phase 1; CTS radio interface layer 3 specification".
[18] 3GPP TS 05.56: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); GSM CordlessTelephony System (CTS), Phase 1; CTS-FP radio subsystem".
[19] TIA/EIA/IS-2000-5-A: Upper Layer (Layer 3) Signaling Standard for cdma2000 SpreadSpectrum Systems.
[20] TIA/EIA/IS-833: Multi-Carrier Specification for Spread Spectrum Systems on GSM MAP
(MC-MAP) (Lower Layers Air Interface).
1.2 Abbreviations
Abbreviations used in the present document are listed in 3GPP TR 01.04.
2 General
The radio sub-system link control aspects that are addressed are as follows:
- Handover;
- RF Power control, including fast power control for ECSD;
- Radio link Failure;
- Cell selection and re-selection in Idle mode, in Group Receive mode and in GPRS mode (see 3GPPTS 03.22);
- CTS mode tasks.
Handover is required to maintain a call in progress as a MS engaged in a point-to-point call or with access to the
uplink of a channel used for a voice group call passes from one cell coverage area to another and may also beemployed to meet network management requirements, e.g. relief of congestion.
Handover may occur during a call from one TCH or multiple TCHs (in the case of multislot configuration) toanother TCH or multiple TCHs. It may also occur from DCCH to DCCH or from DCCH to one or multiple TCH(s),
e.g. during the initial signalling period at call set-up.
The handover may be either from channel(s) on one cell to other channel(s) on a surrounding cell, or between
channels on the same cell which are carried on the same frequency band. Examples are given of handover strategies,however, these will be determined in detail by the network operator.
For a multiband MS, specified in 3GPP TS 02.06, the handover described is also allowed between any channels ondifferent cells which are carried on different frequency bands, e.g. between a GSM 900/TCH and a
DCS 1 800/TCH. Handover between two co-located cells, carried on different frequency bands, is considered asinter-cell handover irrespective of the handover procedures used.
For a multi-RAT MS, i.e. an MS supporting multiple radio access technologies, handover is allowed between GSMand other radio access technologies.
NOTE: At handover, the MS will normally not be able to verify the PLMN of the target cell and will thus
assume that the same system information apply after the handover unless the network provides new
system information.
Adaptive control of the RF transmit power from an MS and optionally from the BSS is implemented in order to
optimize the uplink and downlink performance and minimize the effects of co-channel interference in the system.
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The criteria for determining radio link failure are specified in order to ensure that calls which fail either from loss ofradio coverage or unacceptable interference are satisfactorily handled by the network. Radio link failure may result
in either re-establishment or release of the call in progress. For channels used for a voice group call, a radio uplinkfailure results in the freeing up of the uplink.
Procedures for cell selection and re-selection whilst in Idle mode (i.e. not actively processing a call), are specified inorder to ensure that a mobile is camped on a cell with which it can reliably communicate on both the radio uplink
and downlink. The operations of an MS in Idle Mode are specified in 3GPP TS 03.22.
Cell re-selection is also performed by the MS when attached to GPRS, except when the MS simultaneously has a
circuit switched connection. Optional procedures are also specified for network controlled cell re-selection forGPRS. Cell re-selection for GPRS is defined in subclause 10.1.
For a multi-RAT MS, cell selection and re-selection is allowed between GSM and other radio access technologies.
An MS listening to a voice group call or a voice broadcast use cell re-selection procedures to change cell. This may
be supported by a list of cells carrying the voice group or voice broadcast call downlink, provided to the MS by thenetwork. The operations of an MS in Group Receive Mode are specified in 3GPP TS 03.22.
Information signalled between the MS and BSS is summarized in tables 1, 2 and 3. A full specification of the Layer1 header is given in 3GPP TS 04.04, and of the Layer 3 fields in 3GPP TS 04.18 and 3GPP TS 04.60.
For CTS, information signalled between the CTS-MS and CTS-FP is summarized in tables 4, 5 and 6. A fullspecification of the CTS Layer 3 fields is given in 3GPP TS 04.56.
For COMPACT, specific procedures are defined in clause 12.
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3 Handover
3.1 Overall process
The overall handover process is implemented in the MS, BSS and MSC. Measurement of radio subsystem downlink
performance and signal levels received from surrounding cells, is made in the MS. These measurements aresignalled to the BSS for assessment. The BSS measures the uplink performance for the MS being served and also
assesses the signal level of interference on its idle traffic channels. Initial assessment of the measurements inconjunction with defined thresholds and handover strategy may be performed in the BSS. Assessment requiring
measurement results from other BTS or other information resident in the MSC, may be performed in the MSC.
3GPP TS 03.09 describes the handover procedures to be used in PLMNs.
3.2 MS measurement procedure
A procedure shall be implemented in the MS by which it monitors the downlink RX signal level and quality from its
serving cell and the downlink RX signal level and BSIC of surrounding BTS. The method of identification ofsurrounding BTS is described in subclause 7.2. The requirements for the MS measurements are given in
subclause 8.1.
3.3 BSS measurement procedure
A procedure shall be implemented in the BSS by which it monitors the uplink RX signal level and quality from each
MS being served by the cell. In the case of a multislot configuration the evaluation shall be performed on a timeslotper timeslot basis. A procedure shall be implemented by which the BSS monitors the levels of interference on its
idle traffic channels.
3.4 Strategy
The handover strategy employed by the network for radio link control determines the handover decision that will be
made based on the measurement results reported by the MS/BSS and various parameters set for each cell. Networkdirected handover may also occur for reasons other than radio link control, e.g. to control traffic distribution
between cells. The exact handover strategies will be determined by the network operator, a detailed example of abasic overall algorithm appears in annex A. Possible types of handover are as follows:
Inter-cell handover:
Intercell handover from the serving cell to a surrounding cell will normally occur either when the handover
measurements show low RXLEV and/or RXQUAL on the current serving cell and a better RXLEV availablefrom a surrounding cell, or when a surrounding cell allows communication with a lower TX power level.
This typically indicates that an MS is on the border of the cell area.
Intercell handover may also occur from the DCCH on the serving cell to a TCH or multislot configuration on
another cell during call establishment. This may be used as a means of providing successful callestablishment when no suitable TCH resource is available on the current serving cell.
Inter-cell handover between cells using different frequency bands is allowed for a multi band MS.
Inter-cell handover between cells using different radio access technologies is allowed for a multi-RAT MS.
Intra-cell handover:
Intra-cell handover from one channel/timeslot configuration in the serving cell to another channel/timeslotconfiguration in the same cell will normally be performed if the handover measurements show a low
RXQUAL, but a high RXLEV on the serving cell. This indicates a degradation of quality caused by
interference even though the MS is situated within the serving cell. The intra-cell handover should provide achannel with a lower level of interference. Intra-cell handover can occur either to a timeslot on a new carrier
or to a different timeslot on the same carrier. Similarly, intra-cell handover may occur between differentmultislot configurations in the same cell. These multislot configurations may comprise different number of
timeslots and may partly overlap.
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Intra-cell handover from one of the bands of operation to another one is allowed for a multiband MS.
3GPP TS 08.08 defines the causes for handover that may be signalled from BSS to MSC.
4 RF power control
4.1 Overall process
RF power control is employed to minimize the transmit power required by MS or BSS whilst maintaining the
quality of the radio links. By minimizing the transmit power levels, interference to co-channel users is reduced.
4.2 MS implementation
RF power control shall be implemented in the MS.
The power control level to be employed by the MS on each uplink channel, except PDCH, is indicated by means of
the power control information sent either in the layer 1 header of each SACCH message block (see 3GPP TS 04.04)
on the corresponding downlink channel, or in a dedicated signalling block (see 3GPP TS 04.18). Power control forPDCH is defined in subclause 10.2.
The MS shall employ the most recently commanded power control level appropriate to each channel for all
transmitted bursts on either a TCH (including handover access burst), FACCH, SACCH or SDCCH.
The MS shall confirm the power control level that it is currently employing in the SACCH L1 header on each uplinkchannel. The indicated value shall be the power control level actually used by the mobile for the last burst of the
previous SACCH period.
When on an E-TCH, the MS shall, if so indicated by the BSS in the SACCH L1 header (see 3GPP TS 04.04) orAssignment command (see 3GPP TS 04.18), use FPC (fast power control). The MS shall employ the most recently
commanded fast power control level on each uplink E-TCH channel. The power control level to be employed by the
MS is indicated by means of the power control information sent via E-IACCH once every FPC reporting period (seesubclause 4.7). If FPC is in use, the MS shall report, in the SACCH L1 header, the power control level used at theend of the normal power control reporting period.
When on an E-TCH using 8 PSK for the uplink, the MS shall use the E-IACCH in the uplink for fast measurementreporting.
NOTE: The term "normal power control" is used in this specification only for clarification and is otherwiseonly referred to as "power control".
In case of a multislot configuration, each bi-directional channel shall be power controlled individually by thecorresponding SACCH or E-IACCH, whichever is applicable. Power control information on downlink
unidirectional channels shall be neglected.
When accessing a cell on the RACH (random access) and before receiving the first power command during acommunication on a DCCH or TCH (after an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT), all MS except class 3 DCS 1 800 MS
shall use the power level defined by the MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH parameter broadcast on the BCCH of the cell.The class 3 DCS 1 800 MS shall use the power level defined by MS TXPWR MAX CCH plus the value POWER
OFFSET also broadcast on the BCCH of the cell.
If a power control level defined in 3GPP TS 05.05 is received but the level is not supported by the MS, the MS shalluse the supported output power which is closest to the output power indicated by the received power control level.
4.3 MS power control range
The range over which an MS shall be capable of varying its RF output power shall be from its maximum output
down to its minimum, in steps of nominally 2 dB.
3GPP TS 05.05 gives a detailed definition of the RF power level step size and tolerances.
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The fast power control scheme for ECSD is based on differential control to adjust the employed RF power level.The possible DL power control commands are listed in the following table.
Codeword Power control command
0 Not used
1 Increase output power by four power controllevels
2 Increase output power by three power control
levels3 Increase output power by two power control
levels
4 Increase output power by one power control level
5 No output power level change
6 Decrease output power by one power controllevel
7 Decrease output power by two power controllevels
If a power control command is received but the requested output power is not supported by the MS, the MS shall
use the supported output power which is closest to the requested output power.
4.4 BSS implementation
RF power control, including fast power control for ECSD, may optionally be implemented in the BSS.
4.5 BSS power control range
The range over which the BSS shall be capable of reducing its RF output power from its maximum level shall benominally 30 dB, in 15 steps of nominally 2 dB.
3GPP TS 05.05 gives a detailed definition of the RF power level step size and tolerances.
4.6 Strategy
The RF power control strategy employed by the network determines the ordered power level that is signalled to theMS, and the power level that is employed by the BSS.
The power level to be employed in each case will be based on the measurement results reported by the MS/BTS and
various parameters set for each cell. The exact strategies will be determined by the network operator. A detailed
example of a basic algorithm appears in annex A.
4.7 Timing
Upon receipt of a command from an SACCH to change its power level on the corresponding uplink channel, the MSshall change to the new level at a rate of one nominal 2 dB power control step every 60 ms (13 TDMA frames), i.e.
a range change of 15 steps should take about 900 ms. The change shall commence at the first TDMA framebelonging to the next reporting period (as specified in subclause 8.4). The MS shall change the power one nominal
2 dB step at a time, at a rate of one step every 60 ms following the initial change, irrespective of whether actualtransmission takes place or not.
In case of channel change, except for multislot configuration change, the commanded power control level shall beapplied on each new channel immediately. The multislot configuration change message does not command the MS
to use new power control levels. For those time slots not used by the MS before the multislot configuration changeprocedure, the MS shall use the power control level used on the main channel before the multislot configuration
change.
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Switching between the normal power control mechanism and FPC shall be done if FPC is enabled or disabled viasignalling in the SACCH L1 header. The respective power control mechanism to be used shall then be active as
from the first TDMA frame belonging to the next reporting period (see subclause 8.4). The initial power controllevel to be used by the MS immediately after switching shall, in both cases, be the level last commanded by the
normal power control mechanism.
The basic timing cycle for the fast power control mechanism is the FPC reporting period of length 4 TDMA frames,
which is mapped into the 26-multiframe according to the following figure.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2
RP: 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 S 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 I
FN:
FN = TDMA Frame no modulo 26RP = FPC reporting period number
DL measurements made during RP(n) shall be reported to the network during the next occurrence of RP((n+2) mod
6). Power control commands received from the network during RP(n) are effectuated on the corresponding ULchannel during the next occurrence of RP((n+1) mod 6).
4.8 Dedicated channels used for a voice group call or voicebroadcast
The network shall not allocate the uplink of the channel used for a voice group call to more than one MS. If markedbusy, no other MS shall transmit on the channel. This marking is indicated by the network, as defined in 3GPP
TS 03.68 and 04.18. Any MS allocated the uplink of a channel used for a voice group call shall only transmit if theuplink is marked busy, and shall stop using the uplink if it happens to become marked free. An MS not allocated the
uplink may perform a random access procedure on the uplink to gain access to talk, only if the uplink is marked asfree.
On a channel used during a voice group call, the uplink power control shall only apply to the MS currently allocated
that uplink, and the MS power control level ordered by the network shall be ignored by all other MSs listening to thedownlink.
When performing a random access on a cell to gain access to the uplink of a channel used for a voice group call,until receiving the first dedicated power command from the network, the MS shall use the last received power level
command as defined by the MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH parameter broadcast on the BCCH of the cell, or if
MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH corresponds to a power control level not supported by the MS as defined by its powerclass in 3GPP TS 05.05, the MS shall act as though the closest supported power control level had been broadcast.
RF downlink power control will normally not be applied on channels used for a voice group call or voice broadcast.
5 Radio link failure
5.1 Criterion
The criterion for determining Radio Link Failure in the MS shall be based on the success rate of decoding messageson the downlink SACCH. For a circuit switched multislot configuration, only the main SACCH shall be used for
determining Radio Link Failure.
For GPRS, Radio Link Failure is determined by the RLC/MAC protocol (see 3GPP TS 04.60).
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5.2 MS procedure
The aim of determining radio link failure in the MS is to ensure that calls with unacceptable voice/data quality,which cannot be improved either by RF power control or handover, are either re-established or released in a defined
manner. In general the parameters that control the forced release should be set such that the forced release will not
normally occur until the call has degraded to a quality below that at which the majority of subscribers would havemanually released. This ensures that, for example, a call on the edge of a radio coverage area, although of bad
quality, can usually be completed if the subscriber wishes.
The radio link failure criterion is based on the radio link counter S. If the MS is unable to decode a SACCH message
(BFI = 1), S is decreased by 1. In the case of a successful reception of a SACCH message (BFI = 0) S is increasedby 2. In any case S shall not exceed the value of RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT. If S reaches 0 a radio link failure shall
be declared. The action to be taken is specified in 3GPP TS 04.18. The RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT parameter istransmitted by each BSS in the BCCH data (see table 1).
The MS shall continue transmitting as normal on the uplink until S reaches 0.
The algorithm shall start after the assignment of a dedicated channel and S shall be initialized to
RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT.
The detailed operation shall be as follows:
- the radio link time-out algorithm shall be stopped at the reception of a channel change command;
- (re-)initialization and start of the algorithm shall be done whenever the MS switches to a new channel (this
includes the old channel in assignment and handover failure cases), at the latest when the main signalling link(see 3GPP TS 04.18) has been established;
- the RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT value used at (re-)initialization shall be that used on the previous channel (inthe Immediate Assignment case the value received on the BCCH), or the value received on SACCH if the
MS has received a RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT value on the new channel before the initialization;
- if the first RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT value on the SACCH is received on the new channel after the
initialization, the counter shall be re-initialized with the new value.
An MS listening to a voice group call or a voice broadcast, upon a downlink radio link failure shall return to idlemode and perform cell re-selection.
5.3 BSS procedure
The criteria for determining radio link failure in the BSS should be based upon either the error rate on the uplinkSACCH(s) or on RXLEV/RXQUAL measurements of the MS. The exact criteria to be employed shall be
determined by the network operator.
For channels used for a voice group call, the radio link failure procedures in the BSS shall be reset upon the
re-allocation of the uplink to another MS. Upon a uplink radio failure, the network shall mark it as free, seesubclause 4.8.
Whenever the uplink is not used, and for channels used for voice broadcast, the BSS radio link failure procedures
shall not apply on that channel.
6 Idle mode tasks
6.1 Introduction
Whilst in idle mode, an MS shall implement the cell selection and re-selection procedures described in 3GPP
TS 03.22. These procedures make use of measurements and sub-procedures described in this subclause.
The procedures ensure that the MS is camped on a cell from which it can reliably decode downlink data and with
which it has a high probability of communications on the uplink. Once the MS is camped on a cell, access to thenetwork is allowed.
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This clause makes use of terms defined in 3GPP TS 03.22.
The MS shall not use the discontinuous reception (DRX) mode of operation (i.e. powering itself down when it is not
expecting paging messages from the network) while performing the cell selection algorithm defined in 3GPPTS 03.22. However use of powering down is permitted at all other times in idle mode.
For the purpose of cell selection and reselection, the MS shall be capable of detecting and synchronizing to a BCCH
carrier and read the BCCH data at reference sensitivity level and reference interference levels as specified in 3GPP
TS 05.05. An MS in idle mode shall always fulfil the performance requirement specified in 3GPP TS 05.05 at levelsdown to reference sensitivity level or reference interference level. The allowed error rates (see 3GPP TS 05.05)
might impact the cell selection and reselection procedure, e.g. trigger cell reselection. Moreover, one consequenceof the allowed error rates is that in the case of no frequency hopping and a TU3 (TU6 for GSM 400, TU1.5 for
DCS 1 800 and PCS 1 900) propagation profile it can not be expected that an MS will respond to paging unless thereceived signal level is 2 dB higher than the specified reference level.
For the purposes of cell selection and reselection, the MS is required to maintain an average of received signal levelsfor all monitored frequencies. These quantities termed the "received level averages" (RLA_C), shall be unweighted
averages of the received signal levels measured in dBm. The accuracy of the received signal level measurements foridle mode tasks shall be the same as for radio link measurements (see subclause 8.1.2).
The times given in subclauses 6.2, 6.3 and 6.6 refer to internal processes in the MS required to ensure that the MS
camps as quickly as possible to the most appropriate cell.
For the cell selection, the MS shall be able to select the correct (fourth strongest) cell and be able to respond topaging on that cell within 30 seconds of switch on, when the three strongest cells are not suitable. This assumes a
valid SIM with PIN disabled and ideal radio conditions. This requirement is not applicable for multi-RAT mobilestations.
The tolerance on all the timing requirements in clause 6 is 10 %, except for PENALTY_TIME where it is 2 s.
6.2 Measurements for normal cell selection
The measurements of this clause shall be performed by an MS which has no prior knowledge of which RF channelsare BCCH carriers.
The MS shall search all RF channels within its bands of operation, take readings of received RF signal level on eachRF channel, and calculate the RLA_C for each. The averaging is based on at least five measurement samples per RF
carrier spread over 3 to 5 s, the measurement samples from the different RF carriers being spread evenly during thisperiod.
A multi band MS shall search all channels within its bands of operation as specified above. The number of channelssearched will be the sum of channels on each band of operation.
BCCH carriers can be identified by, for example, searching for frequency correction bursts. On finding a BCCHcarrier, the MS shall attempt to synchronize to it and read the BCCH data.
The maximum time allowed for synchronization to a BCCH carrier is 0.5 s, and the maximum time allowed to read
the BCCH data, when being synchronized to a BCCH carrier, is 1.9 s or equal to the scheduling period for theBCCH data, whichever is greater (see 3GPP TS 05.02). The MS is allowed to camp on a cell and access the cellafter decoding all relevant BCCH data.
6.3 Measurements for stored list cell selection
The MS may include optional storage of BCCH carrier information when switched off as detailed in 3GPP
TS 03.22. For example, the MS may store the BCCH carriers in use by the PLMN selected when it was last active in
network. The BCCH list may include BCCH carriers from more than one band in a multi band operation PLMN. AMS may also store BCCH carriers for more than one PLMN which it has selected previously (e.g. at national
borders or when more than one PLMN serves a country), in which case the BCCH carrier lists must be kept quite
separate.
The stored BCCH carrier information used by the MS may be derived by a variety of different methods. The MS
may use the BA_RANGE information element, which, if transmitted in the channel release message (see 3GPPTS 04.18), indicates ranges of carriers which include the BCCH carriers in use over a wide area or even the whole
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PLMN. It should be noted that the BA(BCCH) list might only contain carriers in use in the vicinity of the cell onwhich it was broadcast, and therefore might not be appropriate if the MS is switched off and moved to a new
location.
The BA_RANGE information element contains the Number of Ranges parameter (defined as NR) as well as NR
sets of parameters RANGEi_LOWER and RANGEi_HIGHER. The MS should interpret these to mean that all theBCCH carriers of the network have ARFCNs in the following ranges:
Range1 = ARFCN(RANGE1_LOWER) to ARFCN(RANGE1_HIGHER);Range2 = ARFCN(RANGE2_LOWER) to ARFCN(RANGE2_HIGHER);
RangeNR = ARFCN(RANGENR_LOWER) to ARFCN(RANGENR_HIGHER).
If RANGEi_LOWER is greater than RANGEi_HIGHER, the range shall be considered cyclic and encompasses
carriers with ARFCN from range RANGEi_LOWER to 1 023 and from 0 to RANGEi_HIGHER. IfRANGEi_LOWER equals RANGEi_HIGHER then the range shall only consist of the carrier whose ARFCN is
RANGEi_LOWER.
If an MS includes a stored BCCH carrier list of the selected PLMN it shall perform the same measurements as in
subclause 6.2 except that only the BCCH carriers in the list need to be measured.
NOTE: If the selected PLMN is equal to one of the equivalent PLMNs, then stored list cell selection applies to all
equivalent PLMNs.
If stored list cell selection is not successful, then as defined in 3GPP TS 03.22, normal cell selection shall take place.
Since information concerning a number of channels is already known to the MS, it may assign high priority tomeasurements on the strongest carriers from which it has not previously made attempts to obtain BCCH
information, and omit repeated measurements on the known ones.
6.4 Criteria for cell selection and reselection
The path loss criterion parameter C1 used for cell selection and reselection is defined by:
C1 = (A - Max(B,0))
where
A = RLA_C - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN
B = MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH - P
except for the class 3 DCS 1 800 MS where:
B = MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH + POWER OFFSET - PRXLEV_ACCESS_MIN = Minimum received signal level at the MS required for access to
the system.MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH = Maximum TX power level an MS may use when accessing the
system until otherwise commanded.
POWER OFFSET = The power offset to be used in conjunction with the MS TXPWR
MAX CCH parameter by the class 3 DCS 1 800 MS.P = Maximum RF output power of the MS.
All values are expressed in dBm.
The path loss criterion (3GPP TS 03.22) is satisfied if C1 > 0.
The reselection criterion C2 is used for cell reselection only and is defined by:
C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET - TEMPORARY OFFSET * H(PENALTY_TIME - T) for
PENALTY_TIME 11111C2 = C1 - CELL_RESELECT_OFFSETfor PENALTY_TIME = 11111
where
For non-serving cells:
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H(x) = 0 for x < 0
= 1 for x 0For serving cells:H(x) = 0
T is a timer implemented for each cell in the list of strongest carriers (see subclause 6.6.1). T shall be started fromzero at the time the cell is placed by the MS on the list of strongest carriers, except when the previous serving cell is
placed on the list of strongest carriers at cell reselection. In this, case, T shall be set to the value ofPENALTY_TIME (i.e. expired).
CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET applies an offset to the C2 reselection criterion for that cell.
NOTE: CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET may be used to give different priorities to different bands when
multiband operation is used.
TEMPORARY_OFFSET applies a negative offset to C2 for the duration of PENALTY_TIME after the timer T has
started for that cell.
PENALTY_TIME is the duration for which TEMPORARY_OFFSET applies. The all ones bit pattern on the
PENALTY_TIME parameter is reserved to change the sign of CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET and the value ofTEMPORARY_OFFSET is ignored as indicated by the equation defining C2.
CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET, TEMPORARY_OFFSET, PENALTY_TIME and CELL_BAR_QUALIFY (seetable 1a) are optionally broadcast on the BCCH of the cell. If not broadcast, the default values are
CELL_BAR_QUALIFY = 0, and C2 = C1. The use of C2 is described in 3GPP TS 03.22.
These parameters are used to ensure that the MS is camped on the cell with which it has the highest probability of
successful communication on uplink and downlink.
The signal strength threshold criterion parameter C4 is used to determine whether prioritised LSA cell reselection
shall apply and is defined by:
C4 = A - PRIO_THR
where
A is defined as above and PRIO_THR is the signal threshold for applying LSA reselection. PRIO_THR is broadcast
on the BCCH. If the idle mode support is disabled for the LSA (see 3GPP TS 11.11) or if the cell does not belong to
any LSA to which the MS is subscribed or if no PRIO_THR parameter is broadcast, PRIO_THR shall be set to .
6.5 Downlink signalling failure
The downlink signalling failure criterion is based on the downlink signalling failure counter DSC. When the MS
camps on a cell, DSC shall be initialized to a value equal to the nearest integer to 90/N where N is theBS_PA_MFRMS parameter for that cell (see 3GPP TS 05.02). Thereafter, whenever the MS attempts to decode a
message in its paging subchannel; if a message is successfully decoded (BFI = 0) DSC is increased by 1, however
never beyond the initial value, otherwise DSC is decreased by 4. When DSC 0, a downlink signalling failure shallbe declared.
For GPRS, an MS in packet idle mode shall follow the same procedure. The counter DSC shall be initialized eachtime the MS leaves packet transfer mode. In case DRX period split is supported, DSC shall be initialized to a value
equal to the nearest integer to max(10, 90* NDRX), where NDRX is the average number of monitored blocks per
multiframe according to its paging group (see 3GPP TS 05.02). In non-DRX mode, the MS shall onlyincrement/decrement DSC for one block per DRX period according to its paging group. The exact position of these
blocks is not essential, only the average rate.
NOTE: The network sends the paging subchannel for a given MS every BS_PA_MFRMS multiframes or, in
case DRX period split is supported, every 1/NDRX multiframes. The requirement for networktransmission on the paging subchannel is specified in 3GPP TS 04.18 or 3GPP TS 04.60. The MS is
required to attempt to decode a message every time its paging subchannel is sent.
A downlink signalling failure shall result in cell reselection.
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6.6 Measurements for Cell Reselection
Upon completion of cell selection and when starting the cell reselection tasks, the MS shall synchronize to and readthe BCCH information for the 6 strongest non-serving carriers (in the BA) as quickly as possible within the times
specified in subclause 6.6.1. For multi band MSs the strongest non-serving carriers may belong to different
frequency bands. If system information message type 2 ter or 2 quater is used in the serving cell, and the MS hasdecoded all relevant serving cell BCCH data, except system information message 2 ter and/or 2 quater, then the MS
shall start cell reselection measurements based on the know part of the BA, until system information message 2 terand/or 2 quater is decoded and the full BA can be used.
MSs supporting SoLSA with SoLSA subscription shall perform cell re-selection according to subclause 6.6.3. OtherMSs shall perform cell re-selection according to subclause 6.6.2.
MSs supporting other radio access technologies shall also perform measurements and cell-reselection according tosubclauses 6.6.4 and 6.6.5
6.6.1 Monitoring of received signal level and BCCH data
Whilst in idle mode an MS shall continue to monitor all BCCH carriers as indicated by the BCCH allocation (BA -
See table 1). A running average of received signal level (RLA_C) in the preceding 5 to:
Max {5 , ((5 * N + 6) DIV 7) * BS_PA_MFRMS / 4}
seconds shall be maintained for each carrier in the BCCH allocation. N is the number of non-serving cell BCCH
carriers in BA and the parameter BS_PA_MFRMS is defined in 3GPP TS 05.02.
The same number of measurement samples shall be taken for all non-serving cell BCCH carriers of the BA list, and
the samples allocated to each carrier shall as far as possible be uniformly distributed over each evaluation period. Atleast 5 received signal level measurement samples are required per RLA_C value. New sets of RLA_C values shall
be calculated as often as possible.
For the serving cell, received signal level measurement samples shall be taken at least for each paging block of the
MS. The RLA_C shall be a running average determined using samples collected over a period of 5 s to Max {5s,five consecutive paging blocks of that MS}. The samples shall as far as possible be uniformly distributed over each
evaluation period. At least 5 received signal level measurement samples are required per RLA_C value. NewRLA_C values shall be calculated as often as possible.
The list of the 6 strongest non-serving carriers shall be updated at least as often as the duration of the runningaverage defined for measurements on the BCCH allocation and may be updated more frequently.
In order to minimize power consumption, MS that employ DRX (i.e. power down when paging blocks are not due)
should monitor the received signal levels of non-serving cell BCCH carriers during the frames of the paging blockthat they are required to listen to. The MS shall include the BCCH carrier of the current serving cell (i.e. the cell the
MS is camped on) in this measurement routine. Received signal level measurement samples can thus be taken on
several non-serving cell BCCH carriers and on the serving carrier during each paging block.
The MS shall attempt to decode the full BCCH data of the serving cell at least every 30 seconds or at least as often
as possible in the case that system information scheduling period exceeds 30 seconds.
If SI13 is broadcast, the MS supporting change mark in SI13 (See 3GPP TS 04.18) is only required to confirm
system information on the BCCH of the serving cell if indicated by change mark in SI13.
The MS shall attempt to decode the BCCH data block that contains the parameters affecting cell reselection for each
of the 6 strongest non-serving cell BCCH carriers at least every 5 minutes. When the MS recognizes that a newBCCH carrier has become one of the 6 strongest, the BCCH data shall be decoded for the new carrier within
30 seconds.
The MS shall attempt to check the BSIC for each of the 6 strongest non-serving cell BCCH carriers at least every
30 seconds, to confirm that it is monitoring the same cell. If a change of BSIC is detected then the carrier shall betreated as a new carrier and the BCCH data re-determined.
In addition, an MS supporting SoLSA with SoLSA subscription shall attempt to decode BSIC and the BCCH datablocks that contain the parameters affecting SoLSA cell reselection for the 6 strongest carriers, which are included
both in the BCCH allocation and in the BA_PREF as received in the latest CHANNEL RELEASE message (see
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04.18). At least one carrier shall be searched every 5 minutes, one after another. In the case the MS has been able todecode the BCCH data blocks, the rules described in subclause 6.6.3 shall be followed.
When requested by the user, the MS shall determine which PLMNs are available (Manual Mode) or available andallowable (Automatic Mode) (see 3GPP TS 03.22) within 10 seconds (for GSM 450), 10 seconds (for GSM 480),
15 seconds (for GSM 850 and GSM 900) or 20 seconds (for DCS 1 800 and PCS 1 900). A multi band MS shallperform the same procedures in all bands of operation within the sum of time constraints in the respective band of
operation.
In both cases, this monitoring shall be done so as to minimize interruptions to the monitoring of the PCH.
The maximum time allowed for synchronization to a BCCH carrier is 0,5 s, and the maximum time allowed to readthe BCCH data, when being synchronized to a BCCH carrier, is 1,9 s or equal to the scheduling period for the
BCCH data, whichever is greater (see 3GPP TS 05.02).
6.6.2 Path loss criteria and timings for cell re-selection
The MS is required to perform the following measurements (see 3GPP TS 03.22) to ensure that the path loss
criterion to the serving cell is acceptable.
At least every 5 s the MS shall calculate the value of C1 and C2 for the serving cell and re-calculate C1 and C2
values for non-serving cells (if necessary). The MS shall then check whether:
i) The path loss criterion (C1) for current serving cell falls below zero for a period of 5 seconds. This indicates
that the path loss to the cell has become too high.
ii) The calculated value of C2 for a non-serving suitable cell exceeds the value of C2 for the serving cell for a
period of 5 seconds, except;
a) in the case of the new cell being in a different location area or, for a GPRS MS, in a different routing area
or always for a GPRS MS in ready state in which case the C2 value for the new cell shall exceed the C2value of the serving cell by at least CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS dB as defined by the BCCH data
from the current serving cell, for a period of 5 seconds; or
b) in case of a cell reselection occurring within the previous 15 seconds in which case the C2 value for thenew cell shall exceed the C2 value of the serving cell by at least 5 dB for a period of 5 seconds.
This indicates that it is a better cell.
Cell reselection for any other reason (see 3GPP TS 03.22) shall take place immediately, but the cell that the MS wascamped on shall not be returned to within 5 seconds if another suitable cell can be found. If valid RLA_C values are
not available, the MS shall wait until these values are available and then perform the cell reselection if it is stillrequired. The MS may accelerate the measurement procedure within the requirements in subclause 6.6.1 to
minimize the cell reselection delay.
If no suitable cell is found within 10 seconds, the cell selection algorithm of 3GPP TS 03.22 shall be performed.
Since information concerning a number of channels is already known to the MS, it may assign high priority tomeasurements on the strongest carriers from which it has not previously made attempts to obtain BCCH
information, and omit repeated measurements on the known ones.
6.6.3 Cell reselection algorithm for SoLSA
At least for every new sample or every second, whichever is the greatest, the MS calculate the value of C1, C2 and
C4 for the serving cell and the non-serving cells. The MS shall make a cell reselection if:
i) The path loss criterion parameter (C1) for the serving cell falls below zero for a period of 5 seconds.
ii) A non-serving suitable cell (see 3GPP TS 03.22) is evaluated to be better than the serving cell for a period of
5 seconds. The best cell is
- the cell with the highest value of C2 + LSA_OFFSET among those cells that have highest LSA priority
among those that fulfil the criteria C4 0, or
- the cell with the highest value of C2 among all cells, if no cell fulfil the criterion C4 0.
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LSA_OFFSET and LSA ID(s) are broadcast on BCCH. LSA priority is defined by the list of LSAs for thesubscriber stored on the SIM (see 3GPP TS 11.11). Cells with no LSA priority, eg non-LSA cells, are given
LSA priority lower than 0. If no LSA_OFFSET parameter is broadcast, LSA_OFFSET shall be set to 0.
When evaluating the best cell, the following hysteresis values shall be subtracted from the C2 value for the
neighbour cells:
- if the new cell is in the same location area: 0;
- if the new cell is in a different location area:CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS, which is broadcast on BCCH of the serving cell.
- in case of a cell reselection occurred within the previous 15 seconds: 5 dB.
Cell reselection for any other reason (see 3GPP TS 03.22) shall take place immediately, but the cell that the MS was
camped on shall not be returned to within 5 seconds if another suitable cell can be found. If valid receive level
averages are not available, the MS shall wait until these values are available and then perform the cell reselection if
it is still required. The MS may accelerate the measurement procedure within the requirements in subclause 6.6.1 tominimise the cell reselection delay.
If no suitable cell is found within 10 seconds, the cell selection algorithm of 3GPP TS 03.22 shall be performed.Since information concerning a number of channels is already known to the MS, it may assign high priority to
measurements on the strongest carriers from which it has not previously made attempts to obtain BCCHinformation, and omit repeated measurements on the known ones.
6.6.4 Measurements on cells of other radio access technologies
For a multi-RAT MS, cells or frequencies with other radio access technologies may be included in 3G CellReselection list (see 3GPP TS 04.18). The network controls the measurements for reselection of these cells by the
parameter Qsearch_I broadcast on BCCH. Qsearch_I defines a threshold and also indicates whether thesemeasurements shall be performed when RLA_C (see subclause 6.6.1) of the serving cell is below or above the
threshold. These measurements may be performed less frequently than measurements of GSM cells as described insubclause 6.6.1, in order to conserve MS power.
A multi-RAT MS shall be able to monitor, depending on the 3G technologies it supports:
- 32 FDD cells on up to 3 frequencies
- 32 TDD cells
- 32 CDMA-2000 cells
The MS shall be able to identify and select a new best UTRAN cell on a frequency, which is part of the 3G CellReselection list, within 30 seconds after it has been activated under the condition that there is only one UTRAN
frequency in the list and under good radio conditions. For test purposes the following radio conditions can be used:Serving GSM cell at RXLEV= -70 dBm, with 6 GSM neighbours at RXLEV= -75 dBm. Then an UTRAN FDD
neighbour cell is switched on. The radio conditions for the UTRAN FDD cell are as follows (see TS 25.101 fordefinitions):
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Parameter Unit UTRAN FDD Cell
CPICH_Ec/Ior dB -10
PCCPCH_Ec/Ior dB -12
SCH_Ec/Ior dB -12
PICH_Ec/Ior dB -15
DPCH_Ec/Ior dB -
OCNS_Ec/Ior dB -0.94
ocor II dB 10
ocI dBm/3.84 MHz -70
CPICH_Ec/Io dB -10.4
CPICH RSCP dBm -70
FDD_Qoffset integer 5 (-12dB)
FDD_Qmin integer 3 (-17 dB)
Qsearch_I integer 7 (search always)
Propagation Condition AWGN
The allowed time is increased by 30 seconds for each additional UTRAN frequency in the 3G Cell Reselection list.
However, multiple UTRAN cells on the same frequency in the list does not increase the allowed time.
The MS shall attempt to read and store UTRAN predefined configurations using the rules defined in 3GPP
TS 25.331 with the following exceptions:
- The MS shall build a list of at most 16 predefined configurations, read from the BCCH of the identified
UTRAN cells of all equivalent PLMNs.
- After PLMN selection (see 3GPP TS 23.122), the MS shall delete any old list of predefined configurations
and as soon as possible attempt to read the predefined configurations from one identified UTRAN cell.
- Then, if a new UTRAN cell from another equivalent PLMN is identified, the MS shall attempt to read the
predefined configurations from that cell and add it to the list, replacing any old predefined configurationswith the same identity.
- The MS shall attempt to update the list of predefined configurations every 60 minutes.
In case of a conflict with GSM tasks, the GSM tasks take precedence.
NOTE: Instead of reading new predefined configurations from a PLMN, the MS may use previously receivedpredefined configurations for that PLMN according to the rules in 3GPP TS 25.331.
The MS shall report the list of predefined configurations in the UTRAN CLASSMARK CHANGE message (see3GPP TS 04.18).
6.6.5 Algorithm for cell re-selection from GSM to UTRAN
If the 3G Cell Reselection list includes UTRAN frequencies, the MS shall, at least every 5 s update the valueRLA_C for the serving cell and each of the at least 6 strongest non-serving GSM cells.
The MS shall then reselect a suitable (see TS 25.304) UTRAN cell if its measured RSCP value exceeds the value ofRLA_C for the serving cell and all of the suitable (see 3GPP TS 03.22) non-serving GSM cells by the value
XXX_Qoffset for a period of 5 seconds and, for FDD, the UTRAN cells measured Ec/No value is equal or greaterthan the value FDD_Qmin. In case of a cell reselection occurring within the previous 15 seconds, XXX_Qoffset is
increased by 5 dB.
where
- Ec/No and RSCP are the measured quantities, see subclause 8.1.5.
- FDD_Qmin and XXX_Qoffset are broadcast on BCCH of the serving cell. XXX indicates other radio accesstechnology/mode.
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Note: The parameters required to determine if the UTRAN cell is suitable are broadcast on BCCH of theUTRAN cell. An MS may start reselection towards the UTRAN cell before decoding the BCCH of the
UTRAN cell, leading to a short interruption of service if the UTRAN cell is not suitable.
Cell reselection to UTRAN shall not occur within 5 seconds after the MS has reselected a GSM cell from an
UTRAN cell if a suitable GSM cell can be found.
If more than one UTRAN cell fulfils the above criteria, the MS shall select the cell with the greatest RSCP value.
6.7 Release of TCH and SDCCH
6.7.1 Normal case
When the MS releases all TCHs or SDCCH and returns to idle mode or packet idle mode, it shall, as quickly as
possible, camp on the cell whose channel has just been released. If the full (P)BCCH data for that cell was not
decoded in the preceding 30s, the MS shall then attempt to decode the full (P)BCCH data. Until the MS has decodedthe (P)BCCH data required for determining the paging group, it shall also monitor all paging blocks on timeslot 0 of
the BCCH carrier or, for GPRS if PCCCH exists, on the PDCH indicated on BCCH for possible paging messages
that might address it. If the MS receives a page before having decoded the full (P)BCCH data for the cell, the MS
shall store the page and respond once the relevant (P)BCCH data has been decoded, provided that the cell is notbarred and the MS's access class is allowed. Reception of full BCCH(BA) information is not required beforeresponding to the page.
If at the release of the connection the MS has the knowledge that the cell whose channel is being released is notsuitable (see 3GPP TS 03.22), the MS is allowed to camp on any suitable cell.
NOTE: The received signal level measurements on surrounding cells made during the last 5 seconds on theTCH or SDCCH may be averaged and used, where possible, to speed up the process. However, it
should be noted that the received signal level monitoring while on the TCH or SDCCH is on carriers
in BA (SACCH), while the carriers to be monitored for cell reselection are in BA (BCCH) or BA(GPRS).
After decoding the relevant (P)BCCH data the MS shall perform cell reselection as specified in 3GPP TS 03.22.
6.7.2 Call re-establishment
In the event of a radio link failure, call re-establishment may be attempted (according to the procedure in 3GPPTS 04.18). The MS shall perform the following algorithm to determine which cell to use for the call
re-establishment attempt.
i) The received signal level measurement samples taken on the carriers indicated in the BA (SACCH) received
on the serving cell and on the serving cell BCCH carrier in the last 5 seconds shall be averaged, and thecarrier with the highest average received signal level with a permitted NCC as indicated on the SACCH of
the serving cell (see subclause 7.2) shall be taken.
ii) On this carrier the MS shall attempt to decode the BCCH data block containing the parameters affecting cellselection.
iii) If the cell is suitable (see 3GPP TS 03.22) and call re-establishment is allowed, call re-establishment shall be
attempted on this cell.
iv) If the MS is unable to decode the BCCH data block or if the conditions in iii) are not met, the carrier with the
next highest average received signal level with a permitted NCC shall be taken, and the MS shall repeat stepsii) and iii) above.
v) If the cells with the 6 strongest average received signal level values with a permitted NCC have been tried
but cannot be use
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