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Transcript of GSM Equipment
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GLOBAL SYSTEM OF MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONS (GSM)
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NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
MSC/VLR
HLR/AUC EIR SC/VM
OMC
BSC
BTS
PSTNISDN
PSPDN
MS
BSS
MSS
Um
Abis
BIE
A
F
C
H
MSC/VLR
E
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GSM900 :
up: 890~915MHz
down: 935~960MHz
duplex interval: 45MHz
bandwidth: 25MHz
frequency interval: 200KHz
GSM1800 :
up: 1710-1785MHz
down: 1805-1880MHz
duplex interval: 95MHz working
bandwidth: 75MHz
frequency interval: 200KHz
EGSM900 :
up: 880~890MHz
down: 925~935MHz
duplex interval: 45MHz
bandwidth: 10MHz
frequency interval: 200KHz
GSM1900MHz:
up:1850~1910MHz
down:1930~1990MHz
duplex interval: 80MHz
working bandwidth: 60MHz
frequency interval: 200KHz
Allocated GSM Frequency Bands
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GSM ENTITIES
VLR dynamically stores subscriber information needed to handleincoming/outgoing calls
Manages the mobile subscribers databaseHLR
holds all the switching functions manages thenecessary radio resourcesMSC
AUC/EIRAuthentication Center(s) (AUC)Handling Mobile Station Equipment Identity
Equipment used by mobile service subscribers foraccess to services.
MS
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INTERFACES
MS
Ater interface
Um interface
BSC
BIE
BTS
BIE
Abisinterface
SM SM TC
A interface
MSC
OMC
Q3 interface
Fig.1-3 BSS Structure
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Voice conversion
16kbit/s RPE-LTP 64kbit/s A-law PCM codes.Typically TC is located between MSC and BSC.
TRAU
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Managing Wireless network-BSS
Monitoring BTS
Controls:Wireless link distribution between MS and BTS
Communication connection and disconnection
MS location, handover and paging
Voice encoding, transecoding (TC), rate, adaptation,
The operation and maintenance functions of BSS.
BSC
Base Station Controller
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channel
TCH
CCH
Voice CH
Data CH
FR Voice Traffic Channel (TCH/FS)
HR Traffic Channel (TCH/HS)
4.8Kbit/s HR TCH (TCH/H4.8)
9.6Kbit/s FR TCH(TCH/F9.6)
4.8Kbit/s FR TCH (TCH/F4.8)
BCH
FCCH (down)
SCH (down)
BCCH (down)
CCCH
RACH (up)
AGCH (down)
PCH (down)
DCCH
SDCCH
FACCHSACCH
14.4Kbit/s FR TCH (TCH/F14.4)
Enhanced FR Traffic Channel (TCH/EFR)
CHANNEL SPECIFICATIONS
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Small capacity cell with only 1 TRX
TN0:FCCH+SCH+CCCH+BCCH+SDCCH/4(0,_,3)+SACCH/C4(0,_,3);
TN1-7: TCH/F+FACCH/F+SACCH/TF
The medium-size cell with 4 TRXs
1TN0 group: FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH;2 SDCCH/8(0,_,7)+SACCH/C8(0,_,7);
29 TCH/F+FACCH/F+SACCH/TF
Channel Combinations
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Cell Mode Layout
O
Omni-directional cell
Adopt omni-directional antenna
the overall directional propagation
characteristic is the same.
Directional cell
In general, cell with multi-sector is in
common use. Every directional cell
adopts directional antenna.
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Traffic Measurements
Erlang :
the traffic intensity of a totally occupied channel (i.e.the call hour of a unit hour or the call minute of a unit
minute). For example, the traffic of a channel occupied
for 30 minutes in an hour is 0.5 Erlang)
GOS:
defined as the probability of call blocking or the
probability when the call delay time is longer than a
given queuing time.
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Frequency Hopping
Reason:
counteract Rayleigh Fading scatter interference among multiple calls
Types:
Base band frequency hopping
keeps the transmission and receiving frequency of each carrier unitunchanged, but merely sends FU transmission data to different carrier
units at different FN moments.
radio frequency hopping
controls the frequency synthesizer of each transceiver, making it hop
according to different schemes in different time slots.
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The multi-path propagation of radio signals causes
magnitude fading and delay time.
Space Diversity (antenna diversity)
Polarization Diversity
orthogonal polarization diversity.
horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
Frequency Diversity
The working principle of this technology is that such
fading wont take place on the frequency outside the
coherence bandwidth of the channel.
Diversity ion Technology
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Frequency Reuse Pattern
4 3 reuse mode:one group includes 3 sectors /site ,12 frequency which are
distributed to 4 sites. Every site owns 3 frequency.
A3
D2B1
C3
B2D1
D3
A2C1
B3
C2A1
B3
C2A1
A3
A1B1
D1
D3D2
C3
B2A1
C3D2
C3
C1
D2B1C2A1
A2C1
D3
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Frequency Reuse Pattern
A3
C2B1
B3
A2C1
C3
B2A1
A3
C2B1
B3
A2C1
B3
A1C1
A1
A3A2
C3
B2A1
A3A3
C3
C1
B2A1B2A1
A2C1
B3
3 3 reuse mode:one group includes 3 sectors /site ,9 frequency which are
distributed to 3 sites. Every site owns 3 frequency.
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GSM EQUIPMENT
ZXG10 BSS
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GSN MSC
BSCSCM
RMM#1 RMM#2... ...
OMC
BTS 1 BTS n BTS 1 BTS n.. ...
...
Gb ATCP/IPX.25DDN
Abis
RMM#4
SCM: System control Module
RMM: Radio Resource Management Module
Each Module of BSC can manage 128
Cells/256 TRXs, and each BSC consists of 4modules maximally, so one BSC can manage
1024 TRXs maximally.
Structure of ZXG10-BSC
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Advantage:
1Support small capacity network
2Large capacity network can be constructed in phases
Ntrx < 240 1 rack 1 SCM+ 1 RMM
240 < Ntrx < 480 2 racks1 SCM + 2 RMM
480 < Ntrx < 720 3 racks1 SCM + 3 RMM
720 < Ntrx < 960 3 racks1 SCM + 4 RMM
Capacity Configuration of ZXG10-BSC
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Rack Structure
BBIU
BCTL-SCU
BNET
BATC
BCTL-RMU
BATC
BCTL
BNET
BATC
BBIU
BSMU
PCU
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1 3 54 6 87 9 1110 12 1413 15 1716 18 2019 21 2322 24 26252 27
P
O
W
B
M
P
M
P
S
M
E
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
C
O
M
M
P
E
P
D
M
O
N
P
O
W
B
MMOOOptionalMMandatoryRemark
12116~1221Qty.
BCTLPOWBMONPEPDCOMMMPSMEM
BBIU
BCTL-SCU
BNET
BATC
BCTL-RMU
BATC
N_COMM_MPMP=2
N_COMM_MTP=2
N_COMM_MPPP=2 or 4 or 6 or 8
So: N_COMM=6 or 8 or 10 or 12
BCTL Layer
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BNET Layer
P
O
W
B
C
K
I
B
O
S
N
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
D
S
N
I
P
O
W
B
S
Y
C
K
S
Y
C
K
B
O
S
N
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BOSN SYCK DSNI CKI POWB BNET
Qty. 2 2 6\8\10 1 2 1
Remark Mandatory M Optional O M M
BBIU
BCTL-SCU
BNET
BATC
BCTL-RMU
BATC
N_DSNI_MP=2
N_DSNI_PP_A=2 or 4
N_DSNI_PP_Abis=2 or 4
SO: N_DSNI=6 or 8 or 10
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BBIU Layer
P
O
W
B
B
I
P
P
B
I
P
P
C
O
M
I
C
O
M
I
B
I
P
P
B
I
P
P
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
P
O
W
B
T
I
C
1 3 54 6 87 9 1110 12 1413 15 1716 18 2019 21 2322 24 26252 27
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
BBIU
BCTL-SCU
BNET
BATC
BCTL-RMU
BATC
COMI BIPP TIC POWB BBIU
Qty. 2 2 or 4 1~12 2 1
Remark Mandatory Optional Optional M M
N_TIC_Abis=N_Abis_E1/4
N_BIPP=N_TIC_Abis/6
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BATC Layer
P
O
W
B
D
R
T
A
I
P
P
A
I
P
P
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
I
C
P
O
W
B
T
C
P
P
1 3 54 6 87 9 1110 12 1413 15 1716 18 2019 21 2322 24 26252 27
D
R
T
D
R
T
D
R
T
D
R
T
D
R
T
T
I
C
T
I
C
T
C
P
P
D
R
T
D
R
T
BBIU
BCTL-SCU
BNET
BATC
BCTL-RMU
BATC
TCPP DRT AIPP TIC POWB BATC
Qty. 2 1~8 2 1~8 2 1
Remark Mandatory Optional M O M M
N_TIC_A=N_A_E1/4
N_DRT_A=N_TIC_A
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1 RACK
256TRX
2 RACKS
512TRX
3 RACKS
1024TRX
Easy to Expand
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ZTE BTS Series
BTSV(1)
BTSV(2) BS21
MB
EMB SBTS
BS30
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S222 S444 S888
S444 S888 S12/12/12
ZXG10-BTS Rack
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Receiver sensitivity: -110dBm
Power output: 40/80W
BTS power control
6 levels staticstep: 2dB
15 levels dynamicstep: 2dB
Rack demension: 1600600550 mm3 (H x W x D)
Max power consumption: 2200W12 TRXs
DC voltage input: -40~-57VDC 19~29VDC
Working temperature: -5oC ~ +45oC
Relative humidity: 15% ~ 85%
Indoor BTS with 12 TRX(ZXG10-BTSV2)
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Z T E Z X G 1 0 - B 2
-48V GND
PDM
CCM
RST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
CCM
RST
RX1
CDU
T E S T
AN T
TX 1TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
RX1
CEUTX 1
TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
O T X 1
TX 3
TX 4
O T X 2
RX1
CDU
T E S T
AN T
TX 1TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
RX1
CEUTX 1
TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
O T X 1
TX 3
TX 4
O T X 2
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
RX1
CDU
T E S T
AN T
TX 1TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
TRM
TX
RX
RXDRST
RX1
CDU
T E S T
AN T
TX 1TX 2
RX2
RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
PDM CMM
AEMTRM
FCM
Physical structure of ZXG10-BTS(V2)
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Architecture of ZXG10-BTS(V2)
Internal bus(control signaling,date flow,clock signal,etc
CMM
PDM
TRM1
AE
M
FAN
MMIZXG10-BTSV2
TRM2
TRM12
BSC
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CDUTX1 TX2 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2
CDUTX1 TX2 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2
TRM1
TX RX1 RX2
TRM2
TX RX1 RX2
TRM3
TX RX1 RX2
TRM4
TX RX1 RX2
S444
TRX Configuration
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CMM(Controller &
Maintenance
Module)
TRM(Transceiver
Module )
CMM and TRM
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CDU(Combiner Distribution Unit ):
one duplexer
one combiner(2 to 1)
one spliter(1 to 4 with 2 extended outputs )
CDU
VSWR_meter
ANT
RTE
forward reverse
Alarms
optional
DuplexerCable
Cable
Rx_in
Tx_out
RX1
RX2RX3
RX4
EX1
EX2
LNA_Splitter
Alarms
TX1
TX250ohm
Hybird_combiner
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Each E1(2M) on Abis interface can support 15 TRX, So it can
effectively save the transmission cost.
7.2*16k TCH timeslot / TRX = 1.8*64k TCH timeslot / TRX
1*16k signaling timeslot / TRX
Since very 4 16k timeslot can be multiplexed to a 64k timeslot,
each E1 consists of 32 64k timeslot
( n + 1 ) / 4 + n * 1.8 + 1 = 32 n = 15
Multiplex ratio on Abis interface is 15:1
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OMC-R
The adoption of OMC aims at the local or centralized operation
and management. So network mode of OMC-R includes two: local
networking and centralized networking. They will be introduced indetail later.
OMC enables NSS/BSS to connect with upper-level mobile
network management center through Q3 interface or DB interface.
BTS is managed and maintained by BSC. The local BSC
communicates with the server over LAN, and the remote BSCaccesses the OMC-R server through centralized networking. The
network topology of OMC-R is given in this Fig.
One OMC-R can manage 10 MSC, 16 BSC, 4096 BTS
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Upper-level NMC
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
Billing Center
PCM/X.25/DDN...ZXG10-BSC
ZXG10-BSC
ZXG10-MSSClient
Client
Client
Client
Q3 DB
OMC
LAN/WAN...
Server
Router
Router
Hub
Hub
Hub
OMC-R Structure
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ThankYou