gsHi 3is3iei -...

61
gsHi 3is3iei

Transcript of gsHi 3is3iei -...

Page 1: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

gsHi 3is3iei

Page 2: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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Page 3: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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Page 4: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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Page 5: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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Page 6: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

-q«m ar^qpT

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t l ^ ^ ^ ^ '% 3TRWT ^ rnrVt d FFR ^ ^ ^ ?TteT fcT

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t ^ ^ T ^ , m ^ ^3^1^ t l ^ ^ ^ wm 1 ? ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ fiHiP^d

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^ ^ ^grj fiHfiiiafr ^ ^ ^ , ^^r^ M^R-f^^^^ur ^^ ^ ^ ' -^' ^

Page 7: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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Page 8: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^«nT SfKTR

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"mri', '^mm', '^M', ' ft i? ', '-fee^-, 'im^', ' z?n' snl ^ ^

^ t o M ^ T ^ T W t l ^J^NM ^ *FRt ^ ^ ^ T W " 3TT^f^ TFfR ^ Pcl lHdl ft

'^^Hm' 3TTf ^ ^ ^ <^C^^H]^ t l ^ ^

Page 9: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

Tl«rR 3IWTPT

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=I H^dHI, ^ ferR, " ^ - - 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ f3[m ¥ 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ 3TT t l^°

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^ T ^ ^ mf?T ^ HPTHT ^ft 3TT^jf^ ^ ^ ^ t , T?rf ^

TT^ ^?R^ ^m ^ t , cTmf W#T m^ ^mflrq ^ ^ ^ 3T2f ^ W t ^f^^^

Page 10: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

'ciH^m' ^ ^ 3T?f ^ •JRTR M t : - ^3e^(Mention), 3rf q^F2H(StateiTient),

?TT5Tf (Suggestion), 3^rw(Quatation), ^^(Reference)l^''

t : - pel cdPkl (Intimation), 3Tfq^«R(Statement), ^^^Tt^nm (Declaration),

^K-f^^K(Discussion) I ^

^ f ^ ^ ^ "^ ^ i t t i ^ ^ Trmrfer -qft^ ^ t^fe^ "^ afk

^ ^^eT ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ oif^^ fsRTI^''

Edward Wagenknecht 'Cavalcade of the English Novel,

Introduction "The only quite accurate defination of the Novel is the

history of the novel. " ^

Page 11: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

<l^*c1l ^\ 3TfW2f t , •5Rt% f ^ <lxlchdl -^ I R ^ -STSif -^ : T 57n f l ^ ^

TT^KTT t l

1. - WER T^ f |T^ ciH-i|m(l877 "^ 1918 io)\

2. - TTER ^gift^ %7^ viL|^m(l918 ^ 1936 fo)

3. teRtrR t ^ q =5qre(i936 ^ )i

^H^< y r ^ 9r TTm ^^{\ ^ w[ 1877 ^ '"m^^r^' ^rm^

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^ . fimir^ch 3^RfRTI

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^ "yr ^ yiHlP^ch ^ q ^ ^ r m ^ 1 toftrteTM J|1WIH1, eTMT

3#^^^TTf^ ^qr ^TPT, -^^iFF^ ^e^PT, T p ^ t ^ 3^ - g ^ t l ^ ^ '">-IM^cidV,

' T ^ 3FSTH ^ g; STH', < HcbwJ| ^qZS, ' Jrf <r^chdH', d ^K IH TFff,

Pchi^llOdMJllfcilHlchd 'cTTTT ^ TTT ^ ch^PdHl, '^c^HI TI^RT

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-gvm 3TGIPI 12

'T fe^ ^ ^ t ^ ' 3 ^ -^[^ i^rd^ir^* ^iH-^m tl^^

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•^FR^ ^ 3TFTTR "5 f | ^ dM-^W ^ "FTT "5^ WT ^ ^ t ,

' ^ • ^ l l ^ ' , '=hM|ch^', 'P^', 'im\m', '-^ffcT ' 3TTf ^fg^ cJ4-i|m f ^ l

3RFf ^ ^ t l

Page 13: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•TJto' tlf^--?TTfWc^ ^ STTTT ^ W ^ " TH TT R ^^cT ^

^ ^ T F ^ - " ^ TTPTT ^ eFTTI ^ ciM-^ml " IfMSlt "^ ^ ^ R ^ H ^ ^ "i-Tte

37Tri7W^RT ^ ^ "gn ^ f ^ H ^ - ^ ^ "^ t ^ t^^^^ ^

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' M T M ' , ' ^ - ^ 3 M ' , •q?SR-3Te[--qc«R', 3TTf f l ^ ^

3^4^ddH WK ^ '•% 3 ^ ^Hg^', ' g^FT ^ 13^' 1 ^

Page 14: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^«rR 3TRTPI 14

' ^ | ^H^D<' w^ t l 3^i^ddM ^TFR ^ 'TTCR^ C^ Tq\^ ' , ' ^ g ^ ^ ^ ' ,

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^ ^RT S TT^ f ^ ? k q t , ^ y iHMd l T i ^ ^ TFR T T ^ ^ t ^ ^

^ I ^ I I * H 1 (TSRT ^ ^ ^ •^) ^ <T:H|chKl ^ ^ ^ ^TTTcTT t l '^TTekl 3TSRR

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^ I3TT ^ 1 'H^KIbd i!t|o<chlvi' ^ , ' ^ H ^ M 1 H ' - ^ ' - q ; ^ ^ ^TTef^' 3T?TfcT t r ^

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tl

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t ^ f ^ efW v-ft : ^ ^ 1 TT^ ^ ^^TR ^ T ^ cfT^ ^ - H ^ K I U j j TRTFf 37^7^

^ ^Hchldln ^1

Page 15: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•gsm 3TKITPT 15

*37K^ % ^ m ^ ^ ^ ' ^ Tm^FTrfk " ^ 3Tsf HchchlPd*,

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^ ^KU|d i | l 'HH^ildlH ^ ^ ^ ^ 37TF- T ^ I960 ^ # f ^

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•RftcT ^ t t ^ T%"Rn ^ "sfF 37 ?TT "q; cn^ TFR " t Eifer # f " Mt

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Page 16: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

Tr«nT arsTPT 16

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Page 17: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

t l ^ f f ^ 1 ^ ^ 1960 ^ ^ K ^ ^ T ^ ^ t c ^ ^ ^ ^ 31+^H1 ,

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Page 18: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

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• ^ 3T?f 1 W^ ^R^ IQ; 3Tr PHchdl "^ 37cTTT TTR^ t , t ^ '^H^mPiJ=hdl'

^^^m w\ ^i^ im\ tl''

Page 19: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

3TT^fe ^ TT^ fjchP^d 3T?f '^M^mPil^)' ^ 'TT^TT ^HT^ 3TFTT t l W

^ ^ f ^ 37T rHchdi ^ 3T?f t ^ c t a ^ ^ «it«r, 1^ ^ ^ c t a ^ ^

f ^ ^ ^ l+Kc l t , ' R^romtecTT ^ ^ ^ "Q;^ STTrJfer T r m T f ^ - " f e T f ^

^ ^ ^ ' t l ¥ r ^ ^ - ^ ^HTWP#T rcTT^ t t H Fuft t l ^ °

^ ^ Tm "qt ' ^^r romf^ ' 3 ^ ' a i r ^ f ^ ' ^ 3?eFT-37c7n 3T?ff "

^^"f^TT^ # ^BiWTte 3 k 3 ^ ^ f ^ " ^ aqcR t ^

^ ^ ^ ^fFR ^ ^ ^ , 3T^?r|fe ^ ^ t l <=b<ir cl T RT f ^ m ^ ^ "Tt t l ^ ^

^ o f ^-i-TRTST ^^^ZfpEf '^Mobld' 3;fk ''WMchMlndl' ^ 3T?f

f^WR ^TT^ flT ^ ^ f^ "flH=bld' ?To^ ^ ^RTM t f ^ ^ ^M ^ ^ U^Pdd

^ qi aPcfch lT?TfcT t ^ I ^ ^ ^ ^ 3 t l ^ M^RT ^^R^ ^ I ^ '^H=hMlHdl' ^

s^^mrqi ^ RT ^ ^ R ^ ti^^

:gfo < ^ H ^ ^1c||Wo| - '^H^IMpilchdl' 3fiT '^H+ld lndi ' ^ ^

T^ct^ v-fT^ ^ oq^^ ^ TeTT ?T«^ "RFRR * ^H^mPi|=hdr ^ ^ TI FR

^HTftcT % ^ t , '^H^mPijchdr f fcT^m-^^ ^ 3TtoT t , ^ f^H^^

^P<^P^ i ^ W t t l 37?f: TFTFfmftf KTT ^ " PtR JTSf FR TUf^ " ^RcT

t ^ ^^T^ T q ^ 3T?f ^ ^ t f ^ Ft? f TcT TT 3TmcT ^ ^ ^ c t a ^

Page 20: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

tf«nT 3TRTFI ^^

TEHirft^ ^ ^H^H ^R ^ Tl'H\ {^HI=hKl ^ yM«+>ldlH ^F^^ ^JFT^ ? ^ l

3TR ^H^IdlH ?To^ rPTTt f ^ ^ ^ - ^ t , W ^ ^nM ^ ^ T I ^ ^ %TT

"^ T^ t ^ ^5ftf^ t sftT 1 ^ i t t l "^^ ^ o " ' ^ TFTTZt ^HchldlHdl ^

•3^ ftsTfrT-"f^f^ ^ SfFfm ^ ^ t , ' ^ TT®^ "f "^H^IdlHcir TT^ O ^ N ^

•f ?Tft f ^ ^ ^ 37FTm t , ^ ?^ ^VI=bM ^ - ^^ - ^ t "^^ W^ TeTT

•<HH<=hHlHdl "^TRTM ^ "^^ ^ ^?T--^?T flFsh ldl " ^ " ^ "^fe " ^ ^ t i 3TW:

FT^ t % ^ H 4 ) H 1 H T5RR7R T ^ ^ f^ ^^-ft^ff^T ^ wl+Pd "cT f\

^ ^ o ^ T ^ TfriR ^ 3 t ^ f t ^7^ t f^, "^Hchldlndl -^ '3^ i f MPd lH

sflr ^ t ?TfcT ^ t , ®fte^ 6^{\^, 'iFd^Idd! sfk ^^T^ ^ WM\ afk

Page 21: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

'^^t^^ i f e ^?H# t ^ ^ ^ ^ ^R shiPd hKl J ^ ^ 3T^HM t l

flH<+HlHc1I "ft ^- IcHchdl ^ 3 T t e ^ "^^ ^ Pcl MH T ^ t l

^HcbldlWdl R<TW 4 ^ ¥^T^ ^ " t , " t a ^-^IrH^hdl ^ 3^T^ ^ ^ ? ^ ^

'^J\ ^ ' t l ^ ^-^IrH* f STfcT f t ^ SffWT ^ ^ ^ <+)ld^sh ^ TT^^^ T ^

t l T;r 3TtT fcM--RM ^Tfef #TT 3 ^ ^ 3?^ tcM-fcTcT ^ 5 ^ T f ^ ^

S-SlrHch f ?Ti% ^ t ^ ^H+HlHdl ^ IFT % ^ "^ ^ ^ f t f T % H ^

t ^ flH^hldlndl •RTr TT^ TFRTmf^ ^TM ^f^Tf ^ Weft t l ^ °

'fiH=bMlHdi' ^ VTR ^%T ^ arrf^Hk ^ " ^ " ^ w^ 1 ^

Ti" t l ^ ^TR-'^^ ^ f t - * f l ^ PclchyPd 13TT t l " "^rg^ t ^ W ^HeT-f^^

^ ^ ^ , f^RT^ ^T?, ^ ^ J d , 3T?fef ^ f ^ ^ -^ ^ 3Trf«f^ 3TO^^, '^[^

^ T ^ ^ , TToTr ^ 3RTOeRTT sfk 3RTmTf^ cTr 3TTt ^ - ^ c M 3T3"q^

^ f^RT^ flH=hMlH ^ ^ ^ SRT t ^ l ^ ^

37cT: ^ ^ --511 Tf KTT t t ^ ^H4iMlHdl " ^ ^ j f t^ ^ ^^ft ^

^ ^?7t^ # f ^ dc< <dl ^ t l ^ "dc^rm ^ft^^ ^ M HdM 3F?RTen ^ "SfM

Page 22: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

"qvm ar^TR 22

t % arfq^KR ch^Hl=hKl ^ ^ q ^ m f ^ ^ m "H^T^ t^f^m f w t i

^ffcrg^TT 1^ iiTT f ^ ? ^ ? ^ 3fk Tf TTcT fiT TTcT ^ "TT T ^ ^ ^^t^^, " f ? ^ ^^RT

'^^^^ ^ 3TKi7t ^ 37^^ ^ -qrar ^ t l Tfi-W rHrc1dc*jd ' ^RFTRM' ,

t , ^ ^7f¥^ ^ T ^ HR^^I '^^'^i 3^ 3P^ ^ ^^M " TcTT f l "

t l ^5ft^ ^ -jt TZ ^ , Tf^^ ^ ^ i f t^ ^ ^ t , "q^ fHT t l ^ ? T ^ ^

t l ' ?TT?f ^ TT^R' afk ' i Tz ^ ^?n?f' ^Tfpft ^ "q^^H ^ ^^wr t i

^ T f ^ ^ 3T^ %.ft fiiHlP^cf, T?TT?f ^ 3 ^ W^ WWi ^H^dl t , ^^^Tt%

" ft - q ^ ^ f ^ t l "^ f t f^ TT^ fcTcT ^ ^ q t ^MKUj ^ ^ ^ % H^rcilchi^

^ ^ f ^ t l ^ 37R^rq ^RT H^cc|chi^3Tt ^ " ^ ^ f f ^ f ^ WW^ t 3fh(

^ 3Tftr 7Rt ^ feTTT T t ^ "i-ft ^ T ^ t l " ^ w ^ arrets " ^ ^RCTT t 3fk ^

37M^ TT^ ZfgIT?! t l "

Page 23: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ ^McT ^ ^ ^ STPcT TTcft t l "51^^ STT«f ^ RTcTcT ^ ^ f l ^

^ ^ f t ^ - ^ ^ ^5ft^ - ^ 378fgaTT "^KB " ^ t l "Q;^ "^ " ^ ^ frsF ^ TT sftT

t l ^ M "qr^^Kn 3T«T^ 3TT^ ^ ^PH^ i l ^ ' ttcTT t l ^ ^

^HcbidlHdl ^eq^-TTT^ ^ fO; ^ ^^TN^ " ^ f t ^ ^ ^ t l

3TR ^ ^ W ^ % ^ ^ " ^ ^ ^ TWT ^H=hldlH ?ff 3TR feHI^ ^

^Teft ^ 7 ^ ^ ^q«:hidlH t l ¥T ^ ^ w^ m^M^-i itm t ^

^HchldlHdl Ft ^ntlo^ ^mcT " ^ 1 ^ t , ^ ^ TTTl^frq^

TSRT STiJ R ^ t , W^^ ^H+ldlHdl " "qT TTT t , ^H^d t , " ^ ^ ^ ^

'^TR' ^ ' t *3Tr5f' ^ 'W^' ^ ^ f Tf% ^ t l '3^T^' ^fk *^FCT' ^

^ ^ flH=bldlHdl t l ^ ^

flHchldlHdl ^ 37TrqT 37cftcT sf C "»-Tf^ " ^ ^ ^ ^ > ^ ^ ^ t l

W ^«^^ ^ ^ ^ i ^ "f ^ ^ ^ Wf^ t 1 ^ '^M=hldlddl ^ 3^1?^ ^ ^

3tcRrc^ ^ ^ f f ^ ^ ^if!?:^ t , f^R^ t t ^ ^ <fr ^ !Tcft ^ 3FT ^ ^ r t

t ^ ftrr q ^ ^ ^ i t ' ^R^ I ^H=hldlHdl ?To^ 5fT rH=hdl ^ cT^ F^ t ^ ^

T ^ M?T^ WT^ i\ W^f^ t , " ^ t ^ ^H=hldlH ^ F ^ " T7q^ 3 ^ -39 ^

Page 24: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ cTTT T f ^ ^ t # ^ 3 ^ ^ 31T t 3 ^ '"RH^' f t ^ ^ "OT ^ ^ ^

^RT:^^ if ?iRT?T f ^ ^ ^2R t % "^H^IdlHdl ^ 3T?f t MRCJCIHI 3Tk

•qlrf^^rfcT^ ^ ^ ^fW ^ ^ ^ ^ 37FTFI "^°

W ^ < d l ^ WlchK TTcft t l ^Pd^m ?T ^H+ldlHdl ^ TJ; ^hld^u^ 1 [Tm

^ ^ 5 ^ im t l ^H+ldlHdl ^ 3^ '^n?F' T S fZrT t¥?T^ 3fh[ WN^Hdl

^^ fZ^ ft ^ 1 ¥ % HHr^chdl ttcft t i flH+ldlHdl T?NJtfWC^ 3T?toq ?TT 3 ^

M^H'id^ ^^t^ ^ twrfr f , aronfcT, 3fra, fl fre arrf ^ ^ fer ^m?! ^

3 T ^ ^ 3ih ^|f^^ 3TFTmf ^ 3Tc^ ft R^ t l ^^

^ T ^ ^ z z t ^ t , ^ >yic(K ^ " ^ t , t^TH^ 3;TW 7f¥cT "qtt^ t l ?frfw

^ ^ 3TT^ ^ t^HRt ^ ^H=hldlHdl f^F^fe^ W^ ^ t i ^H^H , T R *

3ik ^ r t ^ ^ T ^ ^ T^^ ^^ ^ TrfcTfecT ^ THT ^?T^ ^ ^ t l ^ ^

3 M f t ^ ^ RRT sft^-iT?n«f ^ 3 7 ^ ^ - ^ STFTFlt ^ 3icR[^ ^ q ^ ^ ^ , ^ H ^

*lci^dT ^cfip^d cHKchl ^ M4, _d1 t 3fh: 3^T^ Pcji c ^ui Oifd ir^ct, ^ ^ ^

Page 25: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

Tfefq 3TRTR ^ ^

^TT^, =hl nHI?T 1W, PlPUN % # T , T T ^ t W , T ^ t ^ ^hlPd^l, "^^T^ ^ ^ ,

=hlHdHI?T, TTfuT itT^SR, frRtR Tftxfi^ 3TTt ^ TTR c ic^^Hl^ f l ^ H + H 1 H

•^rg^ -3?^ ^ m ^ w\ ^ a ^ i^taT 3rp^ t i

^ "^ " R i ^ qfft STTTFT t , "srf?^ clcfHH vilPcidcll ^ "5ffcT "0^ 'HH^-^K Tf^M

•^^iPHill ^ TfT«fsF V^ Tm?f ^RRIT t l ^ " * f # TTTflrq ^ 37^^^ t^?T% Tf ^ ^ ^

M^c^chi^ T{§^ cfT^ -gcf^ t l t^RT cRF T f l ^ iB'^R-oqorfm ^ MHcf]^

^ly^ ^ T i m -3R^ t , f^T^ f^r^ ^^T^ ch ipH l ^ ( d=f)< tor TPTT t i

3 ^ ^Tft^ ^ t^^Mrqt ^ 3im^7m M ^ ^ ^ ^ t , ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

3mwrT y'lPdJ Od ^T^rtei: t i " ^ ^^^ "^ ^"^ '+^H1+K1 "

HMcfiii < <Hi; ndcii t l ^ f t ^ "^ "jf nsf t 3ffT 3TT«rr "Q; ^ ^ ^ q t i

Page 26: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

xisn? 3TKTPJ 26

t ^ 3 ^ ^ afk ?mcn3Tt ^ sfeT "CR ^ * "^fe^ t^T^' ^ ^nrwf i^ ^

* ^ ' , ' " ^ 3lk -^TR^ ' , ' ^ ^ ^SN^', ' ^ fk r ' , ' ^ ' , ' e f ^ 3fR 3TK?f'

3TTf ^ T ^ T W ^ T p m n TT^^r^ t , 1^H^ ^ cTfT ^ ^ ^ t sfb^ efTT TTc^

• ^ oi^r+d^l ^ Tfm?4 3fiT ^ ^ TR rm ^r^n t i f TR^ t^r ^ ^ ^ t a

fcTiPFT ^ t^T]^ : ^ f i 'TJIH tert' T^R ^ M ^ 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ h^^

3TOR^ ^ ^ S^^^m '^ % # t l '^-yiMcTll' (l959|o), '3TT^Fm^^'

(1967^0), '^TT^ ^;5f^ t ^ (l969fo), 'Tnif ^^ff^^', '#Er ^ ^t^R' (198l|o),

'•-y^^l^V (l982|o), ' ^g^^ TTTTit ^ TTcft ' ' ^CO<IH' 37Tf ^^R^P? feRt t l

' ^ ^ -qcrTT' ^fsiT ^TR^ TT^ e l ^ ^ ^ ?TT t l ^ T ^ ^ T ^ ^rf^T^ ^t%T

^ ^ 5TR ^ SfTfcTT t l ^ ^ t ^ l ^ ^ ^^T^ t ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

i\ TTcft t % ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ e ^ ^ TcHT ^?cpT RcTT t 3 ^ ^ W^l^

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ %TT : ^ 7c ^ t l '37Rrm "qa ' " ^d-^di-Tfrf^ ^ ^ K ^

Page 27: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

'Wd-^ldl W^ ^ 717ft f^ f ^ STR ^ ^e^R '^ yiHdc|Kl fif^H/d ^ ^ ^ ^ t ,

^ yJlPdJ lId J lPc -d l ^ 37P " ^ ^ ^ m 3 rq^ ^ H ^ t l ' ^ ^ ^ ^ t ^ '

" PclHldl ^ oL|c| K ^ Pcjtinid oMpc -dccI TcTT ^3^^ 3 m t ^Hiluii^lldl ^

^ n 1 ^ ^ 2rR ;^ qp<cji<l ^ TqFJT 3T^ ^ ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^Teft ^ ^ t WT

^TcTT t l ^n f^ ^ - ^ ^ ^ ^ W t t l 3tcf T ^pr^ ^ t^^T^ ^Flf^ ^

^ ^ ^ %rfT ^ TTT t ^ jncTT t l ^ <iM- m TT 7^^;^ VR ^ T ^ ^

^ ^ T^ ^fM t l ' # ^ ^ ^tmr' "ft ^tf^ t ^ ^W|c|J|Iij -g ft yHMH ^

cllSdl ^ t l "" nr ^ -^^jm ciJ<+)PHvjlM H^siOdl, " m ^ , ^ETR^ 3fk ^rff|:eT

^ ^ t l ^ 37^^ ^ ^ ^ nt ^ t l ^ ^ 3T#^ ^ 3 ^ 3 I T ^ tm l

t l % ^ ^ ^ TT r ^ " tcTT t l «(K " ^ cTRZ mMid ^ # T s f ^

t f ^ ^ W f "qoft eftcTT sfNf T| 371 ^ iTcft t l 3F^ ^ ^ % ^ ^ ^^^

^ 3TTcft t l 3lk # ^ ^ ^W-^illPdMd ^W^ ^ "ctoTT ^ tR-f^^TF Wl

^ t l 37TT Ttcf ^ =h lPHi|l T ^ T^fcT 3Tf^ ^ t ^ ^ 3 T ^ ^ ^^-^ml

37P^teR ^ TTTKiTH ;^ 37m 3TKTft ^ ^ H ^ ^ ^ m t t ^ ^ Mc^ % ^ t l

• ^ ^ ^ MH Prd ^ ^«n^TR vft ^ TSn t , •'TT^ ^ - ^ f t ^ ^ ^ HH I Prd

1 ^ : ^ ^ ^rfi ^ yiP^o! r\ ^2fT2f ^ 37fHoqf^ t ^ ^ fiTeRft t l

^^^FrW ^ f TRcTT afk PclJ Kdl t l * t^F^ ^ ' ' ^ T ^ T| ^ ^ ^ 3 T t ,

^ ^ 3 7 t , 3TTf?f Pc|fc|Hdl37t ^ f r FT W^T : ^ ^ TTT^ZR :^ ^ ^«^<HVllddl

Page 28: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

Tjenr aTRTpi ^^

^ ^ ^ ?TT2f ^ ^ ^ ^ W^ %IIT t l^^ ^5Tf^l?^ ^ <h^\M " Pcl Kdl

t i 'TRT f ^TRf^ ' ^ im^ ^ 3 M "crft^ 3fk ciidN^ui ^ 3TT^f^ T r rt

t^ rn^ ' , 'f^rrft " TT^ "RNT', '•5TT4 -q^m ^^n^', '"q;^ ^^^ f ^ % ^ ' ,

'"dcnTT', '-^m ^ScfT f3n TT^^', ' ^ ^ ^ I W ' 3TTf I ^ " f ^ +^1^4

t l '• TT^ ^ 3TT^' ^ 3TR ^ ^ TRR ^ ^?Tf 3 m t ^HiJdl ^ ^«T ^

tH' ' 'll ^ f ^ ^ T R ^ 13TT t l ^ 3TR ^ f?T^ " ^ ^ "T( ^ 4 ^ ^

t sfh: " ^ WT^ W\ Pcicl ldl " ^ 3t T^ "q! t l M I MH 3fh( " fes ta l ^

3T?W^ TTT " ^tt "J? ^ T ^ Wm t l ?TfTt ^5ft^ ^ L|<l m ^

arfvToJTf^ - fVllcjirH^^dl ^ W2T ' f ^ ^ ^t TT^ ificT' " f f t l ^ °

*^?7^ ^^mr' (l962fo), 'c f i t ^ g n f t ^ ' (l963fo), 'cftHTT 3TKift', ' ^ ^

STtlft' (l974|o), '3TFTFit STcftcT', 'ci^l<Mld' (l980^o), ' ^ g ^ ^^tq^ W ^ '

(1982^0), ' i P lWH ' (l988^o), " ^ - - s t ^ t l =bHcA! c|< ^ fer 3 T r ^ 3TtT

3 t to" 77% Tt "qz t l ' ^ ^ H ^ flrdjcld -qf^^ ' i\ -^^ 3TT^f^ q f t ^

Page 29: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ t l '"ctar 3qT^' ^ xrf^--qHt ^ # ^ 3TfW^ tfftf^gffcRt ^ 3TTf?f ^^R

^ 4idfc|^M Tf t^ STRTft ^ 3TT afk 3RTW: ^ ^ 3iymPl+ "5 ^ ^

•^nKt 3 ^ ^ 3 ^ ^ r q ^ rPM ^ f f RT f ^ ^H^ t l ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^^' ^

3t%rf "tor TFfT t l ' gsff ^ ^ ^ - TFT' ^ sTRKt-Tj^ ^ "miTft ^ ^

^Mfefi uf ^jft^ M5f?r t l ' ^ P I ^ H ' Tt ^ 37K?f ^ Z2^ ^ ^<^'ji^1 t^r^w

t%^ fFTT t l ^m-^^TR^ Tcii cH|?T' 1930 fo ^ ^ ^ R ^j f t^ ^ 37^ ^T^

^^^ '^ f ^ ^ w^R TTm t l t ^ wd-5idi mf^ ^ ^K ^^cn t t ^

^ ^ " f | ^ t 3fiT ^ ^ WM T^ ^W^ feTXT ^ TW] sh. cHPTT 'RcTT

37PTT t l 3qk ^ 3Tq^ ^-cidH -gt ^ t i ^ ^

^ ^ cb lPiiJI ^ 3Tr^f^ ^11^-"^^ ^ T q ^ ^ ^ W]^ t l

3T?Tf TI ^ ^r rm 37K^ ZZcTT ^ T^ t , " ^ # ^ ^ '^^'^ t^ ^M t %

TT^ ^ ^RW^ ^ t ? sfk ^ "W^ ^ Wfk W^ cT^ f ^ q ^ TtTTTI ^ q ^

3ia=hicl cT^ ?TWTIT ^ : ^ l 3Trr?f^ ^J^l^ldl ^ ^"'Tt ^ ^^RR t l ^ ^

^ ^ F T M t , f^R^ FT ? ^ ^ 17T«T "^ "OT^ MR< i l ^ 3 t f ^ ^ ^

•q TrT t l ^ 3T^eTFFf TFfR ^ F^ fR ^ T f ^ ^ 3T^eTFR ^ ' ^ TFM ^

Page 30: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

o q t ^ ^ 37=^ f t ^ ^ ^ HUr^+dl ^ f^(m % ^ TR^ " ^ ^^^T^

^WTfrRl, cRrat, - g ^ TT 3Pcrf^^t ^ ^¥T ^ ^ e ^ few % ^ t l ^^

^?T-^?T ^ H ^ ^ [T^TW ^ Efemr t l % ^ T T ^ ^ ^ ? ^ ^ y^^+1 ^

^ W t l '•? ?TH ^ ^5iTJ ' (I950^o), ' ^ cfRcT' (^957io), '^TH^ 3 ^

^ f H ^ ' (l958^o), 'xf T^ 3f^ t^RTft' (l961^o), 'iffeTK ^ 37T Tm' (l966|o),

37Tf ^rg^ ^T|T^-ltW t l ^ ^

^ ^Tt ^T^Tf^ ^ Ti^ W ^ 1972 |o ^ ' T t e T T ^ ^ ^^^T^

^ ^ ^ T W ? M ^ -^ ycblP ld f37T t l *^\VW^ 3fk ^JTR^' ^ F ^ ^ Tj;^ ^ ^ ^

T ^ ^ t^fr^ ^Tftf^«rM ^ Wt^, ^ ^fW^ 3 ^ IcT^ ^RR^, ^ f t ^ ^

^'TFf^ pcicividi, •qTT t frrr, 3 7 ^ ^ ^nf^ ^ srtr ^ ^ t i % ^ T T ^ 3 m t

Page 31: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

T^ T?R "q 13TT t i ^a^^^ ^ "cprkraTt " ^ ^ i ro "»-ft ? ^ ^ I^TT t i

TT#^ "Jn^ ^ ^ rm " ^ ^Ffpft ^ ciHN=hl "ft g ^ ? ^ i\

(1954^0) ' ^ H ^ ^ t ' (1957^0) '3rfi-FF5 ^ 3TTcq fc TT* (1959^0)

»nt^ 3fg^ t i ^ ^

•H ct-d ^ t l ^ ^ fiiHir^ch ^Hfiiiait afir -gr^ ^ RHTT afh; ^^TN^ "^^

f ^ t l ' ^ ^Tf¥cT ^ HHfach c5|c^ afiT 3T =rTtNTt ^ ^^TT^ ^ ^

^TR^ ^ r f t ^ ^ t ^ ^ ^JTT^ f ^ ^TfTfW ^ ^ 5TfZer t t ^ t l ^ ^ T F ^

^ TT^ ^ 6H-m^ ' - ^ ^teT^ f (l952fo) (^|K ^ ' RRT 37T^7m' ^m ^

y^t lP^m), ' ^ ^ ^ c#rT' (l956^o), '-^eRT' (l958fo), '?Tf afk TfnT'

(l959fo), 'TT^ ^ g F fTH' (l963^o), ' 3 7 ^ ^ 3 R ^ ^ ' (l963|o) 3TTf

Page 32: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

(I960fo) ^ T^rq^ f ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ? ^ ' - ^ W ^ ^ TTRT Tpqj t l jm

^ K M e f ^ ^ ' 5TrRft ^TT^' (l965^o) T Jeft ^ T W ^ (l968fo), '#Ef

^ ^ ^ ' (1973^0), ' ^ 3fk ^^MT TTPft' (l983fo) 3^ ^ ^ ' i m y hlPvid

^ ^ TTKFT ^ ^ ch^Hl+K t l ' ^ ^ "^ "^K^* ^ 3 T ^ ^ Wm t l

MeT ^ ^ ^^\M ^ f t ^ ^ ^ 3T ]fcPTT t , t w ^ U.4)ir-d<=h 3^]fcPTT

^ ^ t l ^ 3 F ? f ^ 3fR oJqf ^cTT^ tRft t l HTTR ^ F?Jc ^ ^TRTf^ W?T

3t^ ^ l^f^q ^ PclM ld W e i ^ ^ ^RRT 3TT^fe ^"^-Tf ^ f TT cR 3 ^

^ ^ Tt oqrf^ ^ 3 F r t ^ 37tT - 5 ^ t l '"Tft^' " ^ ^TMeT ^ ^ 7 ^

t ^^IPdlJ. f PfeT ^ ^ ^T^TfW yH<+ldlH ^ ^ ^ ^ T?; M Y T ^ ^^^crf ^ t l

MeT ^ ^ 3Tp?:f n7T ^ F W T W 3T?ft(T ^ T ^ t , ' ^FHt ^ ^ T ^ ^R^

^ K ^ f^Pd^l ^ ^ ^ TcTT t l * SFKt ^ TICT', '"cftmi ^^MF ' 37Tf %ft

^ ^^"^ifW t i M r T ^ ^ TTT 37^ 3Tcft?T ^ gf¥cT ^ 1 ^ ^M^Md^ t

t¥c| 3Tcftcf ^ # ^ ^ ' -^^^^ %\ -^ ^^ j^ f^Tlf^ ^ ^ ^ T ^ T W "5^1^

^lH-d1 T ^ ^ f ^ ^ TTcft t l " ^ ^Pd4idl ^ ^ m ^ TT^ ^ ^ M ^^?T^

Page 33: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•g«rR aTRiT^ ^^

^ teTTT ^<iL|d|^^ TTT ^ 7 ^ ^ HrfT F t ^ - " ^ 37^ ^ " TRK "Sf-TT ^gTc^ "

^isrqr t i 'diddlH - ^ • ^ ' (i974|o), 'TT^ 1^«r^ ^ ' (1979^0), ' ^ f ^ '

(l964^o), 'TRT M ^ ' (l989fo) 3TTf 3 f ^ ^ ^ ^ vic^^Hl^ f l S^

Wef t ^ ' - ^ t ^ ' ^ 'a^T^pHchdNl^' ^ Tn^ ^ ' 3 7 ^ TT ^ ^^',

'Pci^ldlildl ^ ST^^lpr', H^l^4 ^ W ^ , ^ i f t^ ^ ^«fcTT ^ ^ ^ , ^ ^ ,

H ^ ^ ^ "Sft ^ 3^^<ld ^ "CR: f^^rfcFft T F ^ , 3Tm^, ^lldlMH,

37^enrH-"^ 3t^7^ •fjjftr f^j^f! ^ ^ e # t ^ '^v^ t i ''^^FTT' " ^ ST^CTTT^

°^P+drc| ^ ^L||pi|d R?TT t l TTRfT-fWT TTm ^fTO^R^ ^ ^ T ^ ^ 3T1-TR ^

•Tcm "qz^ Tt t l i^^R ^^T^ " ^ i^«f^ t^ Tfzn t l ' m "^ t t t o '

^ TTcT ^ 3 t ^ aTMcT^TM ^ WNFT t l W ^ TeT ^ " s q f ^ afk T R R ^

^ t TJTT t l W ciM-^m TJoF ( TR ^ TT^ o q f ^ ' - fef t ' ( T ^ f ^ ^ M ^ )

Page 34: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

xfxrR 3T«TR ^'^

^ ^ m r ^ - ^ "Heft ^ 3TT1M ^R^JPT', ' ^ 3fk z^ 1 ^ ??m' "^g^ t i j ^

^F^rM" ^ f T^ m cjJilAi Tift^ ^ Hur^+di ^ 3T^^ fsfwn frieRn t i ' ^

^ ^ ^ TRcft ^ qPTRT ' npr^ ^ ^^^n' (1949^0), ' ^ ^ ^

'^M^\ ^ETter' 1952^0 - ychlPvid fO;! ''^^^ ^ ^oRlT' "Q^ "Ml-i+dl ^ ^ T ^

" ^ ^ T ^ t l ^g^:^ 3ik ^ m " ^ " ^ -^leMfH^ f ^ ^ "^ll^^hdl ^ " 3 ^ t l

cTT^ % ^ Tpft t l t ^ R ^ ^ c t a ^teCTW 3lk n t ^ 37M?^cT t l ^

ciH- m ^ - ^ f^w^-^\k\\M -^ TRW f^ft^ R c i ^ ^T^ f i ^^

^ ^ ^ 37^ M l c ^ 1 f^M %-m t l ' ^ g ^ ^ • ^ ' (1959^0), '-ftRT^'

(l968|o), ' - ^ sfk t uFTT' (l985fo), ' I ^KT^ W^-^' (l979fo), '-ferft

W t ' (l985^o), 3TTt ^ f ^ ^ T ^ - i g r j ^ t l H^HJlOil # ^ W\ "qtf nTT

3f[T 'H^c^dl-^ftTWr, HHcilii ftYcft Tt 3TT =>i<dM 3fh; ^ ^ itST, ^ fk^

^ f¥i-FT ^ 1 oqTTcf yt^MK, 1^3^ ^ M F C H afk dNUl , T^jt-^J^ ^

Page 35: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•ggR 3{vwf 35

^ ^ ^ ^ feJIT t l ^ ^ RF 7 ft?? TJcTTT: ^;FR «it^ ^ =h^Hl=hK t , " ^ f ^ ^ -TT f

^ ^ ^ HHlc rod ^ fsT irf ^ t l 'Tft^t ^ 3 7 t ^ ^ ' , ' ^ ' , '^3^1^' 7T?TT

^ ^ T T ^ ^ ^TRw ^iTfn ^ T[f t l *w^ w^' ^=^ ^ w r m ^ ^ ^ 4 ^

w i ^ f ^ ^ ^|?r ar te" 's^^=^m ^ " "fcT# t i 3^T^ Tisfr <iM i|i

' ^ ''-ft ^ • ' (1976^0) i\ MTrfYTcT 13TT t l W^ «FS|f ^ TTZT5Fff?T ^ f t ^ W\

tl '

^ %cn lTrf|c5T ^ ^H^^^ # ^ ^ W^ t l 3 ^ 3TT7

WflT^ ^ 3TTFNT^ ^ f e ^ Ft 3TW^ t l * t ^ ^ ' , '3T^T^' , ' 'TcftcT' TT?TT

' " ^ ^ 9ft' 3 lrHM<ch fe TtTJT ^ *2TR :^ T T T f^Hlt ^ F ^ T M f^R^

^ T f ^ 3 ^ ^^T^ TH:f^?Tfrrqt t l ^^ft^ ^ ^^U?! ^ ^-^R "qt ^ ^ W c ^ ^

^ ^ F T M t^Rlf ^ '%TT^ ^ ' ' ^ ' , ' ^ Tf ?ft' - R ^ t l ^ %?TT ^

^ ^ I T W ^ fWT, T i f ^ 3 ^ TMf^ ^ ^ciPdcl f^mw f ^ Wf\ t i ^ ^ ^

^ ^ ^ ^ t WT^^1% fteft t 3 ^ ^ ^ t ^ m^ ^ rF5?T % ^ TpTT t l ^ ^

Page 36: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ %cTT -% S^^^m ' ^ TR^JCT' (1954^0), ' ^ i ^ : ^

# T ' ( l962^o), ' ^ Tf?T ^ ^ m ' (1962^0), ' ^ TW\^ t ' ( l967^o), '-R^T^

W p ' ( l968fo), ' -Scrn^^ ' ("W] 1^-1967, '^m ^ 1982|o) MchlPvid ^ ^

t l " ^ ^ ^ ^ ^sff^ HHcidNKl t l ^ TfH#7 i t e r ^ "fTTf% f ^ T ^ ^ ^

^ HHl^cdlPH* M ^ R % T j ^ t l ' ^ tf?T ^ ^ ?TT' T ^ 3HI<5>fciKl ^ t r TTT

HT TR ^ U f ^ '!^m' afk ' m l ' ^ ^ 5 f ! ^ - ^ e ^ ^ T OIT ^ F ^ ^ Tyzit t l

T^--^^:^ ^ •sRcT-t TT^ ww^ afir ^ ^ 3?qF? "CHT^ ^ f ^ ^ % ^ ^r^

ti^°° ' ^ ^viwT t ' , *J5% 13; ^ ^ -^m w^ t l '" f TO w^' -^

'TT^TT' afk 'TTft^' •% TfT m ^ 3TR ^ 50-60 ^ TJ^ ^ WSF\^ ^ ^ 1 ^

^ ^ T VS^^ ^tm\ ?Tcft ^ Tf RT^ ¥ t ?TT ^ ^ t l ^ ^R?^ ^

"T ^ ^ -RTf^ fEm\ % ^ t l ' ° '

T«TR T ^ t l ^ Tf^T{ ^ 3TTT^ T^RT ^ XfT^^ ^ -q^ o^ : ^ ^ f ^ ^

3 ^ TJTjf pcl^cii^ - ^ ^ T ^ T| ^ ^i+oddl I Tcft t l ^ ^ 3TXRt ^ r f ^ ^

Page 37: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^«7TT ;^ Tff 3 ^ -^j^ ^ ^ ^ t ^ F ^ ^ 3T^ %^ 3fR ^ ^ f ^

^ ^ ^ TcTT 1 3!tf^ t ^ t l ' ^ ' , ' H^^TRT', 3fk ^(^K\] %^ fen' "R

^ m ^ ^ ^ "qaJT ^ 3T^ ft ^ ' fTM wn\ Tw v^ ' ^ ^ f\ '^,

r^-iwn ^ T M ^ ^ m t l f ^ 3i7TT 'Weft ^ ' "Rhr ^ wry 4 T i r t i ^

^ arf^M^jHi ^ ^Mt wf^ ^rfpft f i ' ftn f " rT fT' ^ ft^rsft ^ TUTftnT

^ ^ ¥ T W T\ ? T ^ ^5ft^ ^ i iR=hdi, TRR afk Ep:=7 ^ arf^MP+d ^ t i

^ ^ ^ ^\ ^'^j^ 1r?TT t f^ 3MfTT^ pcicbm " 'i-TFKfe sfk "i-ft ^

TT'TrTT ^ ^RT f ^ t l ^ " t o ^ ^TZqFT 13TT 37K^ s M ^ ^ f TH 3fR

3 M ^ T F T ^ cTOcn t l W "^^nr f^?pff " T T ^ afh; ^ M ^ ^TRTf ^HTTart

^ ^^?T 3Tt^ f t ^ ' , ^ f ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^«TT-Hir^c^ ^ ?^ TJ T ^ I ^

<m«!^i f^^ ^ sTT^rf^ ciM-iim ^ ^?T-^«r ^ F ^ iT -tf ^ ^

m W c ^ ^ ciq-iim q^ tent t i ' # ^ ^ IT^T^' (i97ofo), '^^[^ 371

^TlrTM' ( l972fo) , 'iTcT ^ ^^7^ ' ( l976^o), ' s M ^ fF l ' ( l976fo), ' f ^

^ T ^ ^ T:f^7H' ( l984fo) , ' ^ m r ^ ' ( l986fo) 37Tf ^ T l ^ <iH"Mm t l

Page 38: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

TiSR 3TKTFT ^^

' ^ ^ :^^^^' -^ 3 r ^ i^^^ ^ -m^ ^ itfecT TIWJ^ '?ft^' ^t^ ^ ^

' 3 ^ eftrj' ^ ciM-iim t l ^ ?TT ^ ^ ^ ^nk^I^ WK t l t ^ FTT

^ ^ m ^ TTTT ^ Ht ^ 3 ^ t l ^ Wd-^dl "Rlf^ ^ «rK ^ 3ffT FRT

t ^ "H^ t l "RtcR^ 3fk t^T^RR %[3qt ^ T«IH Hii4,m<fd 3fR Pd h Ml

c ^ ^ ^ fePTT t l ^ Ttf f ^ " M "Cfg^ ^ 3H^<irHI ^ ; f T^TT ^ ^

"nf ^TTT ^ff E7TnT<r t t TFT t i ' sn^n^ ^ ^ M ' ^ ^ ^ t^vftfwr i\ M

f ^ ^^3^ ^ HHP^=hdl ^ «TT«f f ^ l#5fT TFTT t l * f ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^T^^'

" " ^ ^ " TTfe ^ ^ ^3to-ltEr^ Sfk 3 T ^ -^^3?! ^ #51 ^ ^

3iM<M^ pjj^lPcit^l ^ ^^TR TT TTTfrf tETTJI f^T^ ^W t l '"^mT ^ ' "R

^ ^ ^ t l ^ ^ 3T^ Tf^ ^ !TK 3Wt tl^°'*

^ ^ ^ t T TT t l P^y=h] T q ^ t5FIT ' ^K t^Kt^ ' , ' 1 ^ ^ t r ^f^fl' 37Tf

^ ^ ? T W ^ f ^ ^ ^ t l f t ^ ch lpHill ^ ^ W^^\ ^ ^^R^ ^ 3TeFT

Page 39: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

3TR?^T^HTT ^ F ^ "tt ^ ^ ch^lR^l ^ 3TPTT t l ^ ^Tf t^^ "^ ' T T ^ " ^ ^

^tlZ^', '"Q;^ ' ^ ' , ' • ^ ^ ' 37Tf C J ^ ^ H ] ^ TSRTii t l " 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

37T^^ •^' ttcfT 3Tfq^ ^ ^ ^tt ^ ^ ^ ^ 3^N:^i|c+,dl t ^ f t t l ^ cfST

' 3 T ^ ?fe!TT' -^ ^ ^ T R 3TT t l ^ cT2TT ^ f FFT ^ T^?T f ^ W\ W^ f?Te^

^ TTTZTTT ^ T f t ^ VTe^ : 37^7^ ^^\M ^t ^Ri cT f^T^ t l ^ ° ^

^ n ^ ' ( l976fo) , ' ^ ^ ^ ? C R ' (1987^O) :^ T l ^ n f ^ ^ t l ' T T ^ ^ ^

«5TT ^ 3TtT S jcbPfcfd ^ t l 3 ^ " ^ ^dl=h< ^IKir<+ ^^T^^^ "ft ^?TTf^

^ TcTT t l f ^ ^ ^ft ^ ^ =RT 3^'^'^ ^ ' ttcTT t l ^ ^ ! I ^ ^ ^ c^H-^m

t l ' " ^ cR^ ' T ^ M ^ 4irc|chl ^ cT^rm ^ fsr TFTcT ^ f M t l ^ ^ ^ f t ^

^r^^-dql ^ il-^cid ^ftcR T ^ ^ ^TM t l ^ 3?^^FfFR, T | ^ ^ ^^Tcn t l

' ^ ^ "^?cR' ^ ' ^ m l "cTT ' ^ -^K ^ ft?Tf^ ^ -f r PiT t l ^ MR?T cffZ^

^ <^<UMI<1 3 ^ "i-IT^ ^ TTT^ ^ ^TFPR ^ 3TRT%cT ^ t l 3 ^ t ^ # J ^ ^

Page 40: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^Tt^ T H ^ ^ ^f^ m^ '"^IF^ ^ ' (l953|o), '-q^rH "qT '

(1957^0), ' V T Z ^ ujs' (I960fo), '-^fT^' (1978^0), '#%TrqT>rT' ( l98l|o),

TH^ IN< ' (l983fo), •TTTCTI' {l989fo) 3;TTf yohlP M ^ ^ t l ^ t ^ ^^W^

smt TFTtcmtcT ^ t o - ^ ^ f ^ w^m t i ' ^ ^ r ^ ' ^ " ^ ^ WF\

t l WxU 3fn oq^sn "^ yl^c^^H " ^ : 3 ^ ^ "ft ^^^d l 3flT f^'i-fNnn ^

''-fN ^^TT^ ^ <m^M ' - ^ T M ' (1967^0), ' ^J fe^ ' (I970|o),

'cFRT' (1973^0), ' - ^ ^R ;^ ' (I980^o), ' H ^ K m ^ ^ ' (l988fo) Sfrf

^ fwtcT ^f<4iKl ^ "qU|c|J|Iij •qfcT-"qc " ^ ^^ft^ "^^n ^ ^ t l '"CTTTO'

"^fl^^ yiHj<iP^cH ^ ^ TTN t ^ ^ ^ r r t ^ 1 ^ T - ^ f ^ ^ t 1 ^ ^

^ - f ^ H M H ^ T^ ^ ^HlP^ch-HHP^^hdl 3fk -^3^ 3 7 f T ^ tf TiTf T ^

t^Htf%^ ^ - ^ m^ MRpT:id ^ ^ 1 '"SRicft' TT - ^ ? r ^ ^ ^ r ^ t i

Page 41: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

HJT ^ 3 ^ 3 ^ ^ fWM ^ FT ^ r t t l ' ^ ^ 3 M ' , '^TR^ 37 51', ' # ^

^ ' , ' • ^ ' '37fv-mn', ' ^ ^ ^TR ' " ^ Ff ^ ^ F T M t l 'y^HP^-^' ^m

'3TcfhT TFT' ^ H ^ yj jcf-d <h^\M W% W^ t l " °

'•JfTRT^' 3TTf ^ viM-iim % ? t l ' 3 N ^ ^ 3TrFT' ^ TT^ ^ ^Tft^R ^

t^f^fW t , f^roif fqcTT 3 T ^ -qcRt 3fk ^ T ^ ^ ^ U > < ^ ^ T^P^ ^ TTT?I TF^T

t l ^ ^ ITT arr RTJi ^ ^ ^ fen ^ cft f ^ t i ' " ^ " ^ 3^ ' "R ^m^

3TTfopft ^ ^^FFft ^ Tpft t l 'H<)r^=br ^ ^TT?^, Tier ^T3R f w 3fR ^ ^

t ^ ^ ^ >y i r+d 1 ^ ^ fFTT t l ' H M M * ' TT^ # Z r ^M-iH-H t l ?TT^ ^TFT^

3?^"^^ R?TT t , f ^ cF^-TTT^^ ^ IFT ^ JRcTT ^ YfW^ % ^ STTcH t l

=bl5 nHI2T f W ^ ^rm TfTcR ^?T^ ^ t l : ^ ^^FFTI ^ c ie^ydl^

Page 42: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•q«m 3TKTPT '^^

t i j ^ ch irn l ^mip^ch m<TT3f| t ^3^ m^<\{\ t ^ r f ^ ^ ^ t i

' ^ mtl§' (l979fo) ' ^ g ^ ^ ^ ' (1975^0) '3TK#=TmT' (l978|o) 'm\ ^

RfTTT ef TT 37q^ TFT^^ ^ ^ R ^ ^ t l ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ , ^ " ^ W^ TT T, ^-^t

t ^ F ^ ^ ch^cji^i 3:^ ^vft HHC|1A| 37^TR T T ^ •^ t^ ^ l^m^T^ RcTT t l

W^ " "^ e f ^ ^ IjfW^ fm. 1 ^ t l f ^ F ^ ^ M<^<l+< "i-TFTt ^ ' t l " ^

f R k 1%#T " ^ TTTIFC^ ^ ^ 5 ^ T^ ^TR ^ ^ m ^ t t ^

37R ^ SIK^ 37m ? ^ " fcflchK ^r( T^ t l ^H^IdlH ? T ^ ^ f t ^ ^

ji -Hdi ^ ^ ^ 3 ? ^ igrflrq ^ ^^TH f ^ t i

f^rftTRf f^r^ik •% S^^m^ ' e f n ' (l966^o), T^fe^lM^' (1968^0),

'^Wm' ( l97 l fo) , 'TJTTeR^' (l973fo), '^' (l974^o), ' ^ ^ ' (l978^o),

' ^ T ^ ' (l979^o), '^m^TRTlf^' (1982^0), ' c f t ^ W^' (l982^o), 'T^ft fw'

(l984^o), '3TOern^' (l987fo), ' 3 i c T ^ ' (1990^0), '-^ ^ ' (l991^o), - g ^

F^ ^ cicT^^Hlij t l cfnr " fcid-^di T#cT ^ ^K ^ " ^ f ¥ ^ efWr ^

f f nJT f37T t l ^ tYT ^ ^ ^ ^ - " ? T f ^ ^ '<^^ t t ^ ^ 3 T ^ ^ 3 T ^ ^

3T3H^ ^R T t 8 1 'f%rfe^qrER' -^ ^IvilMK "^•q^ ^ ^7T^ chKHIHl ^ q<f4^l^l

t ^ ^ TRT t l ' ^TM ' •q:% ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ T f P r f ^ ^ ^ :ir5lT t l ^ ^TM

3tcT "CRT 3 T ^ -^ TW^ t l '^J|d«^-<V ^ H ^ ^ ciM-i|m t l ^ 3 t M

Page 43: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ ^ ^ ^RTfit fsfwn f ^ t l * ^ ' ^ TT5F ^ ^ ( " # ^ ) ^ ^ T ^ ^

^ t ^ 3 T R ^ '^ ^5?^ ^ #£1 " ^ i f '^^^ '^t^ •s Trlk ^ ^ •feTTT

(l925|o), T F ^ H O ^ ( l93l fo), <F^ M ^ ^ ( l93l |o), it^"q7TcT (l936fo),

*ildMP[ (1938^0), TTTM ^ilPd^l (l940^o), A^^pH^I "TT^ (l944fo),

ferg^n^ (l944|o) Tjon^ TTTui (l946fo), ^ TfmT ?Frf 3 ^ ^ PT 5 ^ ¥ ^

^ drrl^H]^ t l ^ Tnf^ ^ ^^r<r Tft Bi rnHiR+id t i

3fh: HHV^H ^ -jz t ^ cfrt fTT rm t ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ HTCTT t i P^MHI TT

TRci; wi f^fr^ TfRT "^few iim t , f ^ ^ w f TT ^ TCH ^ s?**!! t i TTTCT

^ ^ Ti3f 3 m l ^rter " s n n ^ t i r^Mul ^ ^ ^n^ f ^ " rt TT^

t 3fhr 7ttf ?Tf!PTt ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ r r fw ^tt rvNHl - twf\ ^ - ^ i\

'mt\ 37f?^ 3M-iim % # t l 1 ^ <5M-i)ml - ' ^ ^ T^' (1965), ' ^ ^ W^'

(^968io), 'i?hcft' (l969^o), Tc|fc|=b-^l' (^970io), ' ^ ^ feqr' ( l97lfo),

'niPuich' (1977^0) 37rf dUPy^l f ^ t l F T ^ ^TFrf^ ^ ^^MT qfT^rW WJ

• r T 1 ^ ^ - q ^ t l W^ ^ ^ f ^ ^ mf^ '"rfM ^ ^ ' (l965fo), '-3^7^*

Page 44: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

(l969^o) 3TTf ycHlPvM ^ f l R'NUl ^ *^\M " # ^ ^ ^'fT^ 2TT?f

^TT^ ^ ^ ^ ' t ^ •JTT JTPft' ( t ^ cT^ dM-^m "qt ^ ^ TpT t ) ^ TfTST t F ^

T : ^ ^ T ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ t , f^re^ ^ ^ ^ ^7R^ ^ 3 ^ ^ ^ e ^ 441 =bK

rNsi- 'ilHiHi (1979^0), t ^ ^ Tffe^ t i ' i r r s rg^ s t ^ ^ ' " ^ ^ ^ i ^ ^

"^ TTcft t , ^^T^ T?^ft%rf^ 37m FRTT f l ^ 3T-^Tff^, 9FT 3?^ M ^ fT

t l * f ^ r ^ ^ T M ' f ? ^ ^ ^ * , 3Tfq^ qR#T ^^TTf^ ^ TT^ ^ S^^^W ^

? ^ 4 THT ^HcTT t l W^ "q TR ^ Wm ?Tcft ^ f ^ F ^ ^ " ^ ®4n " 5 1 ^

t%^ nsfT t i " ^

T F j ^ F ^ ^ 3T^ ^ 6^-^\^^ ' S T N ^ ' (1971^0) 3 ^

'•>^"i-T^'(l979fo) -^ ^cf "qR 3 7 ^ IgTTfcT srfifcT " ^ t l ' 3 7 N ^ ^ ' "^M

t l "fFfsft ^ ' ^ ' "^ HHlPclcdH ^ ^ Ft HlRl^i fW^T "fRTT t l ' RfT' fT '

Page 45: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^^ ^ ^^K<1C|K1 ^ "ite ^ ^ - - ^ •qiferftsF iWFtT^^ "CT ^^t^ ^ T ? ^

^ ^ im^ i\ M^ t^T^ t l " ' 'A m ^ ' (1957 ), ' ^ ^ f

(l966^o), 'TQ;^ t ^ ^^TeTR'(1968^0), fw?!^ (l978fo) ^ 3ff?ng: ^ ^ ^ ^RW

t l ^ q ^ ^ ^ 3TWPT ^TTM ^ ^fecn, ^m^ afir HMpy di ^ f^r^

t l Fft^ "i-ii chdi ^ f z ^ 7|^ f iRPT i{ w^ ^^\^ w\ " TRTtern ^ tor

t ^ ^ ^ TTK ft ^ 17T?T 5?^^ % ^ t l f<=ild?l )rd< HeT ^ TT ^

^^ft^ ^ LjRcicfdl ^ 3 ^ 3TR ^ 37T rd< dl ^ ^?#f ^4^ t ^ ^ t l W^

^ ^ TTT?r ^tt-^^ft RTK ^ ^ TTTft ^ WVh W\ ^ ^ ^ "4 ^ ^

t l WT^ Tp^ V|U^K1 ^ •^m "5TT ^ "5f^^ ^ MI6=hl ^ fcTiT feKsld]

t l " '

'wj^' -^F^ 3TTQ#Er ^ TR-TrfFT^ "qr w ^ 2ff '%CRT «r^ ^ '

( l972fo) , * f ^ F ^ 3fh: T p R ^ T ^ ' ( l961^o), 'frfR ^ W 3TFTT' ( l 96 l fo ) ,

' i ^ ^ ^ ^ ' (i966fo) f ^ ^ T ^ Tfw t l '3^ arf ^Fm ^T^TM ^

% t o oipdi l ^ qF^rW t ^ w^sR 3fk 3T^^ ^j f i^ '^^ ^ ^

TOt ^ ^ FT f ^ ^ JTKft t f ^ ^ ^ ^ "HVNKI ^WjPd ^ ich<l+< ^ ^

Page 46: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

W^ ^ ^ t sfk ^ W t t ^ F ^ ^fra^ ^ ^RcT W t t l " ^ ^ ^ BJ^C|<| CF

(l984fo), ' ^F^M ^ ' TTf*T^' (l967fo), ' J ^ IN^NI ' (1984^O), "^rf^ f l

t ^ ^ off 37WPT afk 3 7 ^ ^ ^ ' t , 3Tfq^ ^ f^HdHH, 3 lrMJ|U^,

Pq cim ^ i7T?T ypciryd i\ ^ f i

^ ^ T FfT ^ ^ f ^ '^TRtrn' f l ^ ^ ^ * 7 I T ^ - , ' ^ ^QTW' 37Tf

HRt ^ ^ WT^^lpT f ^ t l * 3 T ^ ' (1977^0), ' i p T T ^ ^ ' (1978^0),

' JITJcT' (l983fo) ' t?R^ -^t^fi' (l984^o) ^ ^T^^ dM-^m f l '^^T "|3TT

^ ^ T ^ ' (1976^0), ' r t - ^ TTifT' (1976^0), '3TTcqfc^ ^ " q ^ ' (1979^0),

't^KRT 15^ TFR' (1979-fo), ' "^T^ - q^ i r ^ ^ft^TT', T F ^ ^3TT (1986^o)

Page 47: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^«m 3T«iFi 47

3TTf ^ 3 1 ^ ^TfPft ^ t e t l^^^

T 1 ^ ^Md^^d ' J]dMl < ^ ^ ' {1974^0) ^ ? ^ ^ ^ ^ 5? W:

^ ^FTcft f f "qri!, W^ ^ 3TRTTIT "=1 " ^ ^ -37^ MRCIK 3fil TqIcT ^

^1^>< qFT ^ "^Mt 'S fM ' 3#r -^t^ t # 7 " ^ ^ ^ fcTti -sr^ 3 ^ TRRT

" ^ TR 1 cTT WMt ^ IFfTf , 3TTf2f aTTc Tf lTcfT I M ^ ^ ( ^ 4 3^1 W^

^ TT^ ^Rcft ^ g ^ 3TTf ^ ^ 3 ? ^ F ^ ^ few ^RT fFTT f l ^^^

TJ eTFFf ^ 3fk ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 37T^[^ ^ Tf 7|?rT PclVdNUI

^ ^Teft T i^ 'HVI I-d ^?TRn7 ^ F^ ^ '^f^ t l 37T^f% ^^ft^ ^ W^

^^r^ Tt M<H<Mld % ^ T ^ ^ f^-qz^, WIHlP ch ft^cft ^ ^l^dlMH, " ^

3#T f^^TF ^ ^TT^ ^Hfilll^, ^ ^ l ^ ^ ^ i f t^ ^ tWTfcT^ 3fk MHr c+^dl,

rc|^Mrd4, 1 % ^ " ^ ^"[KrM " ^ HHry4)dl 3T[f 3 1 ^ ^ f t ^ m'^i\ ^

^ "fl T^§ rT 3TN^ ^STT-HlP^c^ ^ "R^ ^ frfr " ^ ^ f l ^ " ^ ^ ^ r ^

^ TTT?T PHPMd f ^ fMT t l

' 3 ^ f | ^ ^ ^ ' (l975"^o), '-^TRf' (l976^o), 't^oT^rt^TT'

(l979fo), ' 3 T f ^ ' (1980^0), ':^ afk ^ ' (l984^o) ^r?nf^ ^ Tf^^ ^M-^m

Page 48: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^XTO 3?»TP!I ^^

TFnfW ^ ^ ^ f e ^ t l "-^ 3 ^ ^ " ^ ^ i ldMl ^ TT^ ^ T ^ ^

^ ^FoR 37FTmt ^ FRf ^ [cft t l ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 3?T#7rr T I M I ^ ^

^ dk.=h< ^ ^ ^ ? IH a ichpfcfd f ^ t l ^ ^ ^ t ^ * ^ ^ ^'^^

t l f ^ ^FFlW Tt fetn^ ^ ' t l MMdNl ^ ^^^TW "4 ^ ^ ^ ^

^HI-cK T?TR ^ ^ ^Rr^ f^T^ t l ^^\M ^ ^ - ^ ^ ^ ^ d^^H-l ^

• ^ ^ 'SWn %2TT TFTT t l '^cic+iKl' - ^ cRf ^ "qTW lpT ^ 3TTmf^ ^ ^

tm t l t q ^ TTT?T l^R^ ^ nt "fWiT ^ TfTf^ " f ^ ^ ^ f T rm t l

3TR?^T^7^3ft ^ t f^ ?fcft t l ^ ^ ^

' • ^ ' (1971^0), '^TT^ cTC ^=R ' (1975^0), ' - ^ ^ J ^ T M '

(I980^o) 3Tff ^ -S^^=^m HHdNl ^ f c # l * ^ ' ^ F ^ ^^K«<.S ^^^^^

^ T ] ^ ^ ^ t l R'TcTT ^ ^ ^ f^:W^ ^ 3Rc^ 1 =r t % , ^ ^

Mpci ldl ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ T f H f ^ Q.c lrHcbdl ^ W^ t , ?TTTtft STTTT R

^ • | ' " ^ ^ ^ ^ ' T| -RTTcn chlPdill " T^^5T ^ f ^ TT ^ 3fk «IMlp3lch

Page 49: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ ^ ^ W^ t ^ tl^^^

^ "^t^ ^qcftcf ^ r ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ M ^ "CfRf^ cRT , "^F^ t^^T? ^

37c TRR, - q W ^ teW^, 3^^ Win, TMCT! T|i ^ 3^c^HK 3Trf 3 T ^

"R^^rWf ^ ^ T T ^ f t *37KT7 3fk ^ o ^ ' (l972^o), ' Z ^ M ^

^ ' (l977lo), *I+)|C^JHT (1978|O) , 'TTeRT "5?^' (l978^o), 3^ ^ T f f e

' 3 l M ^ ^ ^ ^ i k ' (l969^o) ' ^ ^ ^ ' (1972^0) '^TR^'

(1977^0) '37 eTT Tq?fm' (i98ifo) ^ ^rg^ ciM- m t i A^^PH^I ^m^ ^

3 t f ^ %if Tf f I ^ ^ : 37R "»-Tt ^ ^ f 2T% n f ^ ^ HP<c|dH CTP^

^ ' ^ t l ^ " ^ ^ ^ W fT, i^lldddl afk ^ ^ ^ " T f ^ t , " ^ t ,

P :>iiy<JM ^ yiP rM ^ mr?f?r STC^F^ C IH<^ t i ^ ^

Page 50: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ " INIrHch : tEr ^ ^ 3 ^ M q ^ "qf^^^, "RFT^ ^ ^ ^ ^ t ^ , " [ TR

qFtW ft 33T% t l ^ ^ ' ' T?T ^ 3 ^ 137T' (l980^o), 'eTT^nW' (1982^°), '3m\

^NHt' (l983^o), ' - ^ ^rrm ^ ' , 'T^IR^ W^ + ^ | M V (l987fo) 3TTf

y=t ir lcr ^ T ^ - ^ ^ t l ^ h lPHiil ^ f^TflRl t , ^ f TQTft t , W^ TO

%^ t , "3%^ ^ f^TWt t , ^ f^ ^ T ^ t , % ^ ^R^l^ ^ ^Teft t ^ ^ t l

?flR^ ^ ^ 5 5 ^ ^ TTRt ^IHir^+ iRlc^ lHdl Ft ^ ^TR^ tl^^°

r^^lNl ^ 6H-m{i 'TT^ ^mt^ 3 7 ^ ' (1990^0) «J4 r4d f3TTI

^ " ^ "qTT f ^ ^ ?lhw ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 37cf ^ 37TcqFrJTT ^ ^ "fenr T f ^

^ JfTcft t l W^ 6H-MW ^ f^l^ll^ui ^ ig^^ : ^ t TT T^l2^ ^ HVMKI

^ ^ H<f |! l ^ ^ TPT? f r o rp:fT t l

fez^ 3fh: MKUiRcf, T ^ TT Tpft HHr^cfidl ^ # ^ ^TO ^

3F<Tf ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ -m\^ f^m f^^ t l '^r^ ^^ ^^ifw t ' (i988 o)

'• eTH fTeft f^F^ t ' (l984fo) 3^ ^ - g ^ cSq- im t l '^^^^ "Teft f^F^

t ' ^ ^ f e ^ ^ cb^Ml ^ 'TT^ T J ^ ' ^ #5R ^ M^ flpTT t l 3TR "tft

Page 51: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^«PT STKfpi g j

^^T^^^, ^ - T T ^ f^^^m, TERT, ^ - ^ , T f t ^ 3ik ^ f t ^ t ^ ? J ^ t l ^ ' ^

^^^'^'' "^^ ^' ^ JU]-m^ t HRt STTTR mm ^ s^m ^ tef^RT

^ 1 ^ ^ ^ cit 'Trent ^ TFT' # ^ , t ^ ^ f e # ^ , ^ ^ ^ ^

3Tf Tf|7T 3ik ^ ^ ^ ^ f rn m\^ if ^^TMC^ ITT w r t f ^ ^ ^ ^ '

^ ^ 37tT ^ ^ ^ T ^ T M ^ ^ 3 i k ^ 5 ^ ^ M ^ ^ T T f | ^ ; R ^ ^

^^ ^ ^ t l ^ t o ^ ?: TmT ^ 3 7 ^ T^-T3ft ^ eftor?TT ^ ^ WiTTT

0969fo), 'aT cTTftcT' (l975fo), ' ^ ^ ^ ^ T M ^ ^ ' (l978|o), 'Tifr^-^fT^'

(l969fo), y g ^ ^ T ^ - ; R W t l F ^ 3TTft ^ T ^ T W ^ Mm ^vq^^h

^ ^ " ^ f ^ # ^ - T T ^ t l F ^ 3mt TFFfT Tt ^ TT qcTTf ^ 3TTf?f ; e ^

^ vft ^ 7 ^ f ^ 1,133

^rm TO m^it ^ ^ ^ T F ^ ^ f ^ t l '37TTemw'

(l968^o), ' ^ ' (1974^,)^ . , ^ ^ ^ , ( ^7^^^^_ <,^^_^ ^ ^ , ^^^^^^^^^

' ^ ^ ^^T^' (l988^o), - ^ TT TTf^f^ ^ ' (l989fo), 'WR TT mR'

Page 52: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

(l989fo) f ^ ^ [g^ WF^m t l f T ^ <iM-^wl ^ ^ f t ^ ^ M ^ ^ ^"^ff ^

MiRqiR^b ^ j f t^ sfh: W^ TRT , 3nrT#T' fT ^ "^ 1 ^ " 3 ^ IRT "Mf ^

^ F ^ , 3TTf«fe STTrfTf ' lTcTT ^ ^ fT^^ "qlWT ¥ t ^ 7 ^ ^ 3Tfc1 Tp:T ^

^R " ^ ^ f ^^RM, 3TTf ^ ^ Ft J^^ f^ W f ^ ^ ^ t ^ f t ^ ^

H<H<Pld TW], cTT?^ T W k ^«fT ^ - " i -TR ^ ? ^ f ^ ^ "PfFc t ^

^ - ^ ^ ^^fFR ^R^ ^ 3 m l t ¥ W ^mm ^ TTTOT 3Tq^ 37CTTT W^fR

^ t l ' 3 ^ ^ "Rte 1^ 3n^' (l979fo) '?ftmt F ^ ' (l981^o), '^:fM "5^r^'

(l987fo) ^ Ml^ld ^^FPft-mTF t l ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^=ftf^ ^ 3T^ RM ^

^ ^ 5 K , " ^ k ^ 3fk PcTSfl ^ ^ ^ J d , MHc|1i| ^e^qt ^ t - ^qt RUT 3TTf ^

HFT HHl jilPHcb vJlPciddl ^ W T f T rq f3TT t l ' ^Hf^ ^ ' " TO T ^ ^ ^RTT

^ te ^R^ ^ ^ ^ TR trft T>ft ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^ t l 'd^M^I-d' T

^ t^^T^ " t o ^ MiRciiRch 3 7 ^ ^ 3fiT "jjcT ^ ^ i^iM ^ t^ra^ t l

TqchcM' 1 TT^ - ^ ^THrfk ^ f ^ t ^ HRcT ^ nrHt 3fk <^< ld'l ^

^ ^11 -1 ^ 3TTT f ^ ^ TJ «R7 ^ ^ ^R-<inh=il^H ^ W^ T\ ^^sm t l

Page 53: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^tf^ yu^dciH ^ TFT ^ t ^« r ^ afh: "qcff ^ -^

(l976^o), ' - ^ cftmr' (l976fo), ' w k TTT' (l977fo), '"^ tf^ ^ W^'

(l978^o), 'HTte ' (1979^0), '3ikrT 3?^ ^ ' (l980fo) 31Tf ^ ^f^^

^ ^ ^ m F t l F # ^ 37T^ta TK' f " L|<U|{MK1 ^Hmrf^ HMPfl'+dl ^

^R-^R WTT % ^ t l J ^ ^ - " 3 ^ W^^ ^ ^ t fTTf% feur f ^

'T^ t l ^ ^ ¥fcf ^ ^ TT^ wr i ^ ]% t l ^ ^ ^ "5^^ ^f^^ ^ ^

^ ^rft f^ t l " ^ "^tf^ ^u^dcild ^ ^ T ^ r t ^ ' t w ' (l976fo), '^\^'

(l977|o), '-gfcf^^M' (l978|o), ' - ^ ^ftmr' (l976|o) 3 ^ Tf^^ t l ^

^ - ^ ^ ^ ^ t^?^^W t l

Page 54: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•q«m STcqpi 54

^ ^ "qr M.chir =hK '^T?^ t l ^ ^ ^ " fc|T^^ aiiRT^ ^ TCH t , 1 ^

^ ^ ^^"fR "qt " ^ WMR - ^ wi vsR\ '^(m^ ti^^^ i rd sTFi "tft

TfiTM 4|u^^ 3Tr3^ ^?T^ W\ WVIc d ^ ^ ^ c^R^^I ^ ? ^ ^

^ ^ ^R TFT^ SfFft t l J ^ <h^\M "qt ^ -^ i f tpR ^ Ff ^ T I 5 ^ fen§t

^ t l 37tRt ch lpHiJl ^ STeqfer ^ ^ W T ^ ^H^lclH 3fk ^^FT^ TfFF^fe

% ^ ^ -E^fFK t ^ t l ' ^TRTH' (l977fo), '"Q^ ^ | ^ * (l981^o), ' "q^

^ ^ f ^ ^mk ' (l983^o) 3Tlt ^ -Rfe ^fTfHt-mi^ t l ^ ^ ^-^^^T?F>R

Pci'HJird l ^ f ^ vft ^ 7 ^ t l T'TM W^ 3TT^fe " -TM ^ 3^^ ?Tf?T ^

^ , Ttrrtfs^ ^ ^ ^ ^^7T ^[TfTfW Pdydl t , ^ ^ ^ ^ "^ * f ^ ^ ^ ^

*3TTcf ^ #Er' ^ arf^^Fm ^^\M ^ cf?zT ^ ^^jfFir ^n:cft t i ' % ^ '

'fpU^ W^ ^ <iM-i|W '-qOT JTPT* (l983^o), f ^ ^ ?^ Tl

^ r f ^ 137T t l ^ r^Hldil ^ 1 ^ 37%cT f ^ M t l % f ^ ' 'TTTf * ^

^ fcTfm-TIT?TT ^ TF^ t l '•q^FT^' ^ ^RT^ sfk 3 T ^ "qft^cNt ^ ^

Page 55: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

•9«rR 3TGTra

^R' (l977lo), T<i^ll^lH', '?n#qT ^ ' (l988^o) 3?Tf ^ ^ife^ ^ ^ - T O

f^T^ ^?n-'fTJc^ " ^ ^ t l ^ ^ ^FFiW ^ ^mt ^ ^ ^ "^ ^ -

^4«^ldl ^ 3Ttr ciM-iiml TJ fq^T^uidJil^ TiftqR ^ 3fm^ cr«TT

3Trf?f5F ^^M ^ ^c^T^ PciclVId TT S ^ " ^ f raTJT f^P^ t l 't[^ l^^t[5f\ ' : g ^

^ tcRR "cT ' (l980fo), '^rfr^TWl' (l984^o) 3TTf cT^ ciM-^ml ^ ^TT^^

f ^ TTTR 43, f ^ afir 3TWR ^ fFfT t l W ^ e)fe=hl " ^ ^ TRt^

f ^ 3;t%cT t^rqi t l ^4<stMI " ^ T ^ 3TTT[T iKt t , ^5^T^ t^T^TH t 1 ^ 3^^

^ ^ f ^ f ^ H{ 4<l37t sh ?^fe4t ^ ^^5^ ^ dU>< ^R?f!cT ^ f t ^ ^

^ Tfc ^ flH^Jl) ^ ^ 1 ^ ^B^ 71? ^^cT W ^ afk ^^T^ ^ e ^ ^ « f ^ ^

Page 56: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

tfSTR ^Torrq ^ ^

2. ^ S ^ ?TTT, • ^ , •go 14

3. 'S^ ?TTT, • ^ , " o 17

4. ^ ^ ?KT, -Sf^, -go 20

5. ^ ; ^ Sm, ' ^ , go 20

6. ^ 3 ; ^ ?KT, • ^ ^ go 20

7. S cT ?TTT, • ^ , go 20

8. -s^ sm, ' ^ , go 21

9. -^^ -gRT, cfft, -go 21, 22

10. ^ , -go 22

11. ^ , -go 27

12. :STo 3T^ f ^ ^tfR/'-HH+ldlH t | ^ ^^?Ht, go 19

13. S^, -go 19, 20

14. :gfo ^ ^ ftr^/fl^ W^T^: ^'»-T^ 3fk f^^TRT, go 194

15. :5To SfTTT ftt^ ^ ^ R / ' H M + H I H ^ ^ W^, go 21, 22

16. cf^, -go 30

17. MumRl^'^i T|T:^/mf?trq^ f P F ^ / "go 427, 428

18. oTft, TJo 428

19. ^ , -go 428

20. • ^ , TJo 428

21. ^ ; ^ ?Tn, "^m rw<^\-^A^ ^cF^ra, go 9

22. -^^ ?RT, • ^ , ^ o 9

23. ^ ;p ' ^KT, ^ , "go 13

24. -^^ ^TTI, -^t, "go 13

25. 3 ; p ^RT, • ^ , "go 13, 14

26. ^I^rf IRI, " ^ , "go 133

27. ^ ^ p TTT, • ^ , "go 133

Page 57: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

?«m

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

SfSTR

^^d IRT, • ^ , ^0

<i-4d iW, c|^1. 10

<i4d IRT, ^ , •go

^ , -go 144, 145

^ , " 0 163

" ^ , " 0 169

^ , " 0 175, 176

^ , -go 184, 185

J /

134, 135

139

143

^Jo -M^i Pfi^/f lM+HH I6'<l <=h?HI, MO 1

^ , -go 184, 1

^ , •go 184, 2

^ , -go 184, 2

• ^ , > 184, 35

^ , ^0 184, 36

^ , " 0 184, 37

r r \ /j i\o ^ N d l ^l^HZ-Hi-

<i4^ Wl, ' ^ , " o

c44d ?RT, ' ^ , " 0

l<=hldlH =h^Hl: -+^1 (Tci HficrM/ go 78

78

78, 79

^|o i bqi iH m^/.HH=hMM * 6 H I : ^'1 ' I'N * l -H- H/ ' o oi

<i«4d ?RT, • ^ , •go

^ ^ ?ITT, '^t, ^0

^ ^ ?m, ' ^ , "go

ci^d gUI, ci^l, go

^<4d ^RT, "°r^, "go

ci«4d jRT, • ^ , "go

^«4d IRT, • ^ , "go

82

82

82

82

82

83

83

STo ^H< r^^ c^H/^HrhMH l^^l ch^Mi - o j

<i«$d ^RT, " ^ , "go 3

Page 58: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

eft

56. s ^ ? m , • ^ , • o 3

57. -^^ ?RT, " ^ , 1° 4

58. -5^, -go 4

59. • ^ , " o 4

60. • ^ , iqo 5

61. ^ o :HIHc<d1 3TTteT/^MchldlH ^ F ^ : «TT«f ^ t¥^«^ 3^-^?^, TJO 2

62. ^ o 3TTTT t ^ ^tTR/^TT l ^MtH f F ^ ^ ? ^ , " o 5

63. ^ o i F r f ^ ^ H / ' - H H + M I H ^ ^ ^ : ^«2T ^ ^ %c^ , '^o 81

64. ^ , TJo 127

65. • ^ , TJo 128

6 6 . • ^ , "^o 2

67. ^ , TJo 3

68. -^, -go 3

69. ^ ; p g[rrr, °r?t, " o A

70. 3;5cT ?TTT, • ^ , •go 4

71. ^ , go 3

72. cf^, -go 3

73. • ^ , go 1

74. ^ o J^fm •qlfFT/'HH+HlH ^ ^ ^ : ^ « ^ T^ t^Tr^ go 158

75. qr^, go 157

76. • ^ , go 159

77. ^ , -go 159

78. :gto < i m ^ t M f t / f F ^ ^ ^fra ^ m f ^ , go 165

79. :gfo ^ H f ^ ^ ^ / • H H + l d l H ^Ffpft: ^ « ^ TT^ f^Tr^ ^o 162

80. • ^ , -go 163, 164

81. ^ , go 193, 194

82. W f , go 194

83. ^ o W ^ ^RterAR^TTc^f ^ T ^ : •Jf?TT?f ^ f ^ ^ S M R , go 46

Page 59: gsHi 3is3iei - shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.inshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55306/7/07_chapter 1.pdf · ^«m 3T»TPi ^ cfr ^ T^ 31^cR -qt ^^ferjcT "^ tl W#T ^^H-HlP^c^, ^TT^TTI^T^

^ S R 3T«}p? ^^

84. -^o Tm^^ - R l ^ / f F ^ ^ "TO HTf?rq, " o 230, 231

85. - ^ ^ TJo 187

86. ^ , TJo 230

87. :gTo T^f^m %^ / 'HH* ld lH ^ ^ : ^«2? i^^ f?Tc^, '^o 190, 191

88. ^ o TFR^ f r T ^ / f ? ^ ^ r I if rM " o 230

89. :gfo ^ H f ^ TJy^/'HM+ldlH ^ ^ : ^«T ir^ f?Tc^, '^o 197

90. :gfo ilHT^^ fcfcTTft/fF^ ^ rra ^ m f ^ ^o 190

91. • ^ , TJo 190

92. ^ o " H f ^ %H/WH* ld lH ^ r ^ : "5F«zi V^ t?Tc^, ^o 174

93. t]o T F R ^ t ^ T ^ / f l ^ ^ "TO TntFFl ^o 192, 193

94. ^ , -go 231

95. • ^ , -go 188

96. ^ , TJo 238

97. ^ o T r f ^ %HAR^T^TMk W^: ^«!T Xj4 fTIeq, " o 185

98. ^ o UWSF^ f c T ^ / f t ^ ^ n ^ ^mfl?^ TJo 192

99. tlo ^Hfwr %^/HH^^Mt^ ^ ^ : W^ Ti4 t?T^ TJo 173

100. T F R ^ f ( R n t / f | ^ ^ ^ra "^Ufm ^o 185

101. • ^ , TJo 185

102. :gTo -^Tf^ ^ H / ' - H H + H I H ^ ^ : ^«37 ir^ f^ic^, TJO 203

103. :gTo TFTEF^ f? f^Tf l / f?^ ^ TJ^ ^iP^rM, - o 186, 187

104. • ^ , TJo 187

105. ^ o i T f ^ ^^/•HMcbldlH ^FW^: ^?^f T^ t^ l rq , " o 183

106. T F R ^ f c f ^ / H ^ ^ "rra M?T^ TJO 194

107. ^ , ^o 164

108. ^ , -go 169

109. :gTo ^Frf^ TftFT/'HM^HlH ^ T ^ : ^«3^ TT4 t^Tc^, " o 169

110. TFT^FS f^T^fTTf/f^ W] TKI M p ^ ^o 199

111. ^ f t , " o 236

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TI«m 3TRTR 60

112. ^ o JJf^^ TT^/yH+ld lH W^: ^«q "Cr f^Tc^ ^o 164

113. T F R ^ f?T^Rt/fF^ ^ "rra ^RTf?c ^o 185

114. ^ , TJo 202

115. ^ , TJo 247

116. cT^, -go 202

117. • ^ , ^^o 203

118. -gfo ^ f r f ^ % ^ / « H + l d l H ^ ^ : ^«2? ^ ^ t W T ^o 154

119. T R ^ ^ fcT^rt t / f?^ W] n?J ^HTfFFI ^o 248

120. • ^ , -go 203

121. -^ff, TJo 250

122. cr^, -go 250

123. ^ , TJo 249

124. ^ , -qo 204

125. ^ o J^f^m T^^Z-HH^hldlH ^^?pft: ^ « ^ TT^ t?Tc^ TJO 183

126. TF?^F5 f c M f l / f F ^ ^ ^ ^ ^RTflT^ ^o 205

127. • ^ , TJo 257

128. • ^ , ijo 206

129. :gfo cHU^dl 3TfraT/.HH+HlH ^^fpft: 21T«I ^ M^^f S^FTR ^o 107

130. I F T ^ ^ f ^ m i t t / f ? ^ ^ Tra flir^oN TJo 249

131. ^ , TJo 206

132. ^q ; t?T/ fF^ ^ T ^ : a^ f^M ^ cTc^m, ^o 113

133. im^F^ t c T ^ / f f ^ ^ ^ra yiP^riJ, " 0 247

134. ^ , TJo 202

135. • ^ , -qo 250

136. • ^ , TJo 204

137. • ^ , -go 248

138. ^ , -go 204

139. ^ , -qo 249

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61

140. ' ^ , •go 208

141. - ^ ^ T o 252

142. • ^ , -go 208