GSBUG Hardware Info SIG April 11, 2002. 2 GSBUG Hardware Info SIG Agenda – April 11, 2002 7:00 –...
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Transcript of GSBUG Hardware Info SIG April 11, 2002. 2 GSBUG Hardware Info SIG Agenda – April 11, 2002 7:00 –...
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
April 11, 2002
April 11, 2002 2
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Agenda – April 11, 20027:00 – 7:05 Administration7:05 – 8:15 Featured Topic – System RAM plus
Motherboard Features Beyond Core Logic (Chipsets)8:15 – 8:30 Hardware News8:30 – 8:55 Random Access (Q&A)8:55 – 9:00 Recap, Preview, and Close
April 11, 2002 3
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
AdministrationWelcome! Please Sign In.What the SIG is…and is not.
Is – an information resource for computer users and potential computer users
Is NOT – a way to get your computer built or repaired (contact the GSBUG Daytime Hardware SIG)
Log – Random Access/Q&A (First Come…)
April 11, 2002 4
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Administration (continued):Presentation materials will be posted at:http://gsbug.apcug.org
Prior presentation materials are also posted.
April 11, 2002 5
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM “System RAM” – the random access memory (RAM)
used by the CPU for instruction and data purposes. “DRAM” – dynamic RAM (only retains data when
power is applied/refreshed)Primary types:
SDRAM (synchronous DRAM)RDRAM (Rambus DRAM) or DRDRAM (Direct Rambus
DRAM)
April 11, 2002 6
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGSystem RAM (continued)CAS Latency (CL) – definition per Crucial
Technology (division of Micron): “The amount of time in nanoseconds (often measured in
clock cycles) between a request to read the memory, and when it is actually output. SDRAMs are typically referred to as CL 2 or CL 3, with CL 2 parts being faster.”
Today, frequently also CL 2.5Unbuffered vs Registered vs Registered ECC –
consult your motherboard manual for what you need. For the curious, see http://www.crucial.com/library/glossary.asp
April 11, 2002 7
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)SDRAM
All types with 64-bit wide data pathPC100
100MHz (800MB/sec transfer rate – 8 bytes x 100MHz) 168-pin DIMM
PC133 133MHz (1.06GB/sec transfer rate) Requires 133MHz data bus (chipset support) Supported by all the current SDR SDRAM chipsets 168-pin DIMM
April 11, 2002 8
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)SDRAM (continued)
DDR (double data rate) SDRAM Currently 100/200MHz, 133/266MHz, and 166/333MHz 1.6GB/sec (PC1600), 2.1GB/sec (PC2100), and 2.7GB/sec
(PC2700) transfer rates, respectively Sometimes referred to as PC200, PC266, and PC333 DDR
SDRAM, respectively Requires DDR chipset support – see last presentation (on Core
Logic/Chipsets); varies by chipset 184-pin DIMM
April 11, 2002 9
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)RDRAM
16-bit wide data pathThree speed grades - current:
PC600 (600MHz – 1.2GB/sec transfer rate) – seldom seen PC700 (711MHz – 1.4GB/sec transfer rate) – seldom seen PC800 (800MHz – 1.6GB/sec transfer rate)
PC1066 (1066MHz – 2.1GB/sec) – sampling now184-pin RIMMs (Rambus In-Line Memory Modules)Requires “Continuity RIMM (CRIMM)” in empty sockets
April 11, 2002 10
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)RDRAM (continued)
Compatible chipsets – currently only Intel 850 and 860NOW priced roughly on par (possibly lower than) quality
DDR SDRAM; higher than PC100/PC133Performance – depending on the configuration and
application, faster than other forms of DRAM (PC800 is equivalent to PC3200 DDR SDRAM in max transfer rate – 2 Bytes, 800MHz, dual channel).
April 11, 2002 11
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGOther Motherboard Features “Slots”
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) 32-bits wide, capable of 66MHz(1X) to 266MHz(4X) 264MB/sec (1X) to 1.06GB/sec (4X) transfer rate Video cards only. Brown connector.
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) - typical 32-bits wide, capable of 33MHz (desktop) 132MB/sec transfer rate (desktop) Used for older video cards; current HDCs, sound cards,
modems, and NICs; various specialty adapters. White connector.
April 11, 2002 12
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGOther Motherboard Features (continued) “Slots” (continued)
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) - other 32-bits wide, 66MHz (desktop/server); 64-bit wide, 33 or 66MHz
(workstations and servers) Up to 528MB/sec Used for HDCs, NICs, and some specialty adapters
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) 16-bits wide, typically capable of 8.33MHz 16MB/sec transfer rate Typical used for older sound cards, modems and NICs Black connector.
April 11, 2002 13
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports”
Serial (1 or 2 ports typ)Parallel (ECP/EPP; 1 port typ)PS/2 (2 ports – keyboard and mouse)
April 11, 2002 14
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports” (continued)
USB (Universal Serial Bus) – chipset dependant Three speed:
Low speed = 1.5Mb/sec (.187MB/sec) – USB 1.1 Full speed = 12Mb/sec (1.5MG/sec) – USB 1.1 High speed = 480 Mb/sec (60MB/sec) – USB 2.0
Attach up to 127 devices – including mice, keyboards, cameras, printers, ZIPs, some HDD, etc.
Number of ports varies – min 2. Combos of USB 1.1 and 2.0. For “outside the box” devices
April 11, 2002 15
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports” (continued)
Audio (sound “card”, down) – line in, line out, mic, joy stick(MIDI port)
Video (for video “card”, down) NIC (network interface “card”, down)
Typically “10/100” (Mb/sec) IEEE 1394 (“firewire”, iLink)
Today provides a maximum 400Mb/sec (50MB/sec) transfer rate (1394-1995). For “outside the box” devices.
Typically used to connect digital video cameras, HDDs.
April 11, 2002 16
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued)Other Interfaces, Misc.
Internal connectors – floppy, IDE, SCSIUSB header(s) IrDA (infrared) headerCD-ROM (sound) – 1 or 2Wake-on-LANSMBus (System Management Bus)Fan headers
April 11, 2002 17
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued)Other Interfaces, Misc. (continued)
Panel lights (power, HD activity, sleep) & switches (power, reset, sleep)
Jumpers and/or DIP switches (CMOS clear/flash, CPU multiplier, CPU voltage, bus speeds, keyboard power-on, suspend-to-RAM, etc.)
Power (ATX, ATX12V, WTX, proprietary)Show-and-Tell
April 11, 2002 18
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGHardware NewsProcessors
Intel released the 2.4GHz Pentium 4 – simple line extension.Core Logic (chipsets)
SiS released the SiS 645DX Northbridge – adds DDR333 support to the SiS 645; for Intel P4; “OC” to 533MHz FSB
SiS announced the SiS 648 Northbridge – adds DDR 400 and AGP 8X support to the SiS 645DX.
April 11, 2002 19
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGHardware News (continued)System RAM – nothing newMotherboards – nothing newGraphics processor & card – nothing newHard Drives – nothing newHard Drive Controllers
Promise announced the FastTrak 2000 – IDE RAID for Ultra ATA/133 hard drives
April 11, 2002 20
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Hardware News (continued)Other Drives
Plextor introduced the PlexCombo 12/10/40-12A drive - 12x10x40 CD-RW with 12X DVD read; ATAPI
TDK introduced 40x12x48 CD-RW drives with ATAPI and USB 2.0 interfacesSound processors & cards – nothing newModems & NICs – nothing newChassis & power supplies – nothing new
April 11, 2002 21
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Random Access (Q&A)
April 11, 2002 22
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Recap, Preview, and CloseRecapPreview
Featured Topic for May 9 – Hard Drives and “Floppies”Close (please police up the area)