GreyWorks 2010 Transparency Governs the Grey Landscape
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GreyWorks 2010Transparency Governs the Grey Landscape
Summer Workshop on Grey LiteratureLibrary of Congress
August 9, 2010
Dr. Dominic Farace, Instructor
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MODULES:
1. Introduction to Grey Literature2. Supply-side Grey Literature3. Demand-side Grey Literature4. Future Trends in Grey Literature
GreyWorks 2010 Transparency Governs the Grey Landscape
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MODULE ONE:Introduction to Grey Literature
GreyWorks 2010 Transparency Governs the Grey Landscape
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Uncontrolled Terms for Grey Literature
• Ephemera• Fringe Literature• Fugitive Literature• Non-conventional literature• Non-published literature• Report Literature
Farace - General
• Research Outputs• Secondary Literature• Small circulation literature• Unconventional Literature• Unpublished Literature• Etcetera
Loose the “So-called”
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DefinitionGrey Literature "Information produced and distributed on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in electronic and print formats not controlled by commercial publishing i.e. where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body.” (Luxembourg, 1997 and Expanded in New York, 2004)
Farace – General
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Celebrating GL Conferences 1993-2003
Accomplishments in Grey Literature
Timeline
Technological
Breakthroughs
Societal Challenges
Weinberg Report - Careers Started for Four Information Professionals
1960s Space Pollution, Smog
Peter Auger - First Edition Reports Literature ... Sources in GL
1970s Video Oil Embargo
Vilma Alberani, Director ISS Ed. ServicesEuropean Association for GL Exploitation
1980s Personal Computer
AIDS
Ulrich Wattenberg - Edited OeuvreJapanese Information in ST&Commerce
1990s Internet Millennium Crisis
Andrei Zemskov, Director NPLS&TRussian-German Digital Archive, RusDML
2000s Mobile Communication
9-11, TerrorismFarace et al., GL5
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Producers, Corporate AuthorsExamples:
.gov Parliament, federal agencies, local government, etc.
.edu Colleges, universities, research centers, laboratories, etc.
.com For profit organizations, Ltd., Inc., etc.
.org Associations, Foundations, NGO’s, etc.
Farace – General
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Document TypesExamples:
.com annual reports, risk analyses, feasibility studies, etc.
.edu working papers, dissertations, research reports, theses, etc.
.gov country profiles, memoranda, intelligence reports, etc.
Among 100’s of other types of grey literature documents (see, GreySource)
Farace – General
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CollectionsExamples:
• Reports, Conferences and Theses, British Library Document Supply Centre http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/atyourdesk/docsupply/collection/rct/
• East European Technical Literature, Department of East European Languageshttp://www.tib.uni-hannover.de/en/special_collections/east_european/
• The Haliburton County Collection, Haliburton County Community Co-operativehttp://www.haliburtoncooperative.on.ca/literature/index.html
• Fuelwood Collection, Forest Policy and Environment Group http://www.eldis.org/go/display/?id=28311&type=Document
Farace – General
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DatabasesExamples:
• Italian Grey Literature Database, National Research Council, CNRhttp://www.bice.rm.cnr.it/letteratura_grigia_inglese.htm
• National Archeological Database, National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of Interior http://www.cast.uark.edu/other/nps/nadb/nadb.mul.html
• BELIT Bioethics Literature Database, Washington University Librarieshttp://library.wustl.edu/databases/about/belit.html
• OWL, Ornithological Worldwide Literature, Cornell Lab of Ornithologyhttp://www.birdlit.org/OWL/
Farace – General
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RepositoriesExamples:
• CEDA Repository, Earth observation and atmospheric scienceshttp://cedadocs.badc.rl.ac.uk/
• CoRR, Computing Research Repository, Association for Computing Machinery http://arxiv.org/corr/home
• Chester, University of Chester Digital Repositoryhttp://chesterrep.openrepository.com/cdr/
• OpenSIGLE Repository, System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe http://opensigle.inist.fr/handle/10068/697753
Farace – General
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“Information produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in electronic and print formats not controlled by commercial publishing.” (Luxembourg, 1997)
9,6%13.5%4.8%
72.1%
YesYes, but needs a revisionNoNA
(20) The Luxembourg Convention on Grey Literature still holds
Boekhorst et al., GL6 – Definition
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Distribution of respondents to the question:
Is the GL definition from Luxemburg (1997) still valuable?
16,9
10,2
72,9
Yes
No
No answer
Di Cesare et al., GL8 - Definition
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(12) Grey literature is best described by the type of document it embodies
6.7%21.2%5.8%
66.3%
YesDependsNoNA
.
The Document LevelThe Document Level
Boekhorst et al., GL6 – Document types
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Start
ACTIVITIES
Project proposals
Proposal approved
Elaboration of Project proposal
Evaluation and selection of applications
Project assignment
Project start
Project end
Project execution
DOCUMENTS
Activity plan
Administrative documentation
Project description
Research Report
Research results
Call for proposal
Projects forms
Fig. 1. Main steps of the project lifecycleLuzi et al., CNR
GL5 – Document types
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PsyDok: document types
Most PsyDok documents belong to the genre Grey Literature.
Document types: diploma and master theses, dissertations, professorial dissertations, preprints, teaching material, psychological scales, reports, proceedings etc.
Monographs, bookchapters, journals and articles from journals may be published as well.
Each document obtains a persistant identifier in form of an Uniform Resource Name (URN) which guarantees citeability.
Herb, GL7 – Document Types
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Small local journals
• Level of ‘greyness’
– Journals are generally not rated among grey literature; however,
– Local journals are a specific type of GL because of:• Non-commercial,• Type of publishers,• Limited range of influence
Nahotko, GL9 – Document Types
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Documents at CERN
Articles, preprints, thesisCDS at CERN
Books
Journals
Conferences
Archived items
Multimedia items(photos, clips, press cuttings…)
Talks (slides, videos)
500 000
50 000
50 000
20 000
15 000
14 000
2 500
- 650 000 records (Grey Literature > 80%)
- 220 000 full texts
- 350 different collections
-1000 new preprints per week:- 70 % from ArXiv- 5 % from CERN- 25 % from 80 other sources Vesely et al., (CERN)
GL5 – Documents and Collections
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(15) Once Grey literature is bibliographically
controlled, it ceases to be grey
8.7%
67.3%
8.7%15.4%
YesDependsNoNA
.
Document LevelDocument Level
Boekhorst et al., GL6
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Difficulties still have to be overcome on political, social, and economic levels
•Lack of coordination among different institutions•Lack of knowledge of existing systems•Lack of training among librarians•Lack of being used to adopt such technology by
scientists working in some fields of knowledge rather than others
•Lack of funds for involved activities
We need more consensus, interest and collaboration by academic, industrial and commercial organizations
Biagioni et al., GL7
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Grey Literature Success StoryAgrar-technology by a small company in East Germany
Key to new technology:a Dissertation in German!
Who loaded it up the net?The University Library!
Lux, GL9 - General