Greening Denver’s Fleet · Greening Denver’s Fleet Reducing Greenhouse Gases – Denver is...

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets FleetPublic Works Fleet DivisionPublic Works Fleet Division

Denver, ColoradoDenver, Colorado

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets Fleet

Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview–– The hybrid experienceThe hybrid experience–– Alternative fuelsAlternative fuels–– Emissions controlEmissions control–– Fuel conservationFuel conservation–– Hazardous waste Hazardous waste

reductionreduction-- New initiatives underwayNew initiatives underway

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Support from the TopSupport from the Top–– DenverDenver’’s Green Fleet Programs Green Fleet Program

Established in 1993 by Mayor WebbEstablished in 1993 by Mayor WebbCalled for emissions reductionsCalled for emissions reductionsWarranted consideration of alternative Warranted consideration of alternative

fuels and alternative fuel vehiclesfuels and alternative fuel vehicles

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Support from the TopSupport from the Top–– Greenprint Denver OfficeGreenprint Denver Office

Launched in 2005 by Mayor HickenlooperLaunched in 2005 by Mayor HickenlooperProvides action agenda for sustainabilityProvides action agenda for sustainabilityCalls for use of hybrids and B20 biodieselCalls for use of hybrids and B20 biodieselMichelle Weingarden, DirectorMichelle Weingarden, Director

–– PW Manager/Deputy Mayor Bill VidalPW Manager/Deputy Mayor Bill Vidal

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Additional SupportAdditional Support–– Nancy Kuhn, Fleet AdministratorNancy Kuhn, Fleet Administrator–– Sabrina Williams, Environmental Sabrina Williams, Environmental

Engineer, DenverEngineer, Denver’’s Department of s Department of Environmental HealthEnvironmental Health

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The Hybrid ExperienceThe Hybrid Experience–– Began purchasing Toyota Prius hybrids Began purchasing Toyota Prius hybrids

in 2001in 2001–– At that time, DenverAt that time, Denver’’s fleet of 39 s fleet of 39

Priuses was believed to be the largest Priuses was believed to be the largest municipal hybrid fleet in the world. municipal hybrid fleet in the world.

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The Toyota PriusThe Toyota Prius–– EconomicalEconomical

Low maintenanceLow maintenanceAvg. 42 miles per gallon Avg. 42 miles per gallon

–– 88--year warranty on year warranty on hybrid technologyhybrid technology

–– Great resale valueGreat resale value

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets Fleet Surplused 23 Toyota Priuses in 2008Surplused 23 Toyota Priuses in 2008

–– Most were model year 2001Most were model year 2001–– Utilized in City Motor CenterUtilized in City Motor Center–– Low mileageLow mileage–– Warranty on hybrid technology still in Warranty on hybrid technology still in

placeplace

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$ 4,320$ 4,320End cost per unit End cost per unit (comparable to $55(comparable to $55--$65 $65 monthly payment) monthly payment)

--$11,783$11,783Residual value (avg.)Residual value (avg.)

$16,103$16,103Cost per unitCost per unit

--$ 3,900$ 3,900Less rebateLess rebate

$20,003$20,003Avg. Prius purchase priceAvg. Prius purchase price

Prius Auction ResultsPrius Auction Results

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The Ford Escape HybridThe Ford Escape Hybrid–– Denver secured one of Denver secured one of

the first Ford Escape the first Ford Escape hybridshybrids

–– MayorMayor’’s vehicles vehicle–– Viable replacement for Viable replacement for

SUVsSUVs

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Newer Hybrid PurchasesNewer Hybrid Purchases–– Toyota Camry Hybrid (2008)Toyota Camry Hybrid (2008)–– Ford Fusion Hybrid (2009)Ford Fusion Hybrid (2009)

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Newer hybrid purchasesNewer hybrid purchases–– HybridHybrid--electric bucket truckelectric bucket truck

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets FleetHybridHybrid--Hydraulic Trash TruckHydraulic Trash Truck

••Arrived in 2008Arrived in 2008

••Hydraulics help Hydraulics help launch and launch and brake the unitbrake the unit

••Fuel savings at Fuel savings at 25%25%

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HybridsHybrids–– Today, 124 hybrids in City fleet (or 4% Today, 124 hybrids in City fleet (or 4%

to 5% of total fleet)to 5% of total fleet)–– Purchasing hybrids when passenger Purchasing hybrids when passenger

vehicles and SUVs are due for vehicles and SUVs are due for replacementreplacement

–– Continue capitalizing on State Continue capitalizing on State Alternative Fuel Rebate. Last application Alternative Fuel Rebate. Last application netted $47,000 or an average of $3,100 netted $47,000 or an average of $3,100 per vehicleper vehicle

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Alternative FuelsAlternative Fuels–– PropanePropane

City began using alt fuels in the 1990City began using alt fuels in the 1990’’ssConverted some Converted some

vehicles to propanevehicles to propaneStill have 29 propane Still have 29 propane

units in fleetunits in fleet

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Alternative Fuels Alternative Fuels –– CNGCNG

Utilized at Denver International Airport Utilized at Denver International Airport (closed campus environment)(closed campus environment)

About 125 CNG units at the airportAbout 125 CNG units at the airport738,000 gallons of CNG used in 2007738,000 gallons of CNG used in 2007

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Alternative FuelsAlternative Fuels–– BiodieselBiodiesel

City started using B20 in 2004City started using B20 in 2004About 60 diesel units involved in pilotAbout 60 diesel units involved in pilot

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets Fleet Biodiesel Biodiesel

–– In 2006, we expanded use of B20 to In 2006, we expanded use of B20 to all fueling locationsall fueling locations

–– 1.4 million gallons of biodiesel 1.4 million gallons of biodiesel purchased in 2008 (B10 and B20)purchased in 2008 (B10 and B20)

–– Paid $0.15 cents more per gallon Paid $0.15 cents more per gallon for biodiesel in for biodiesel in ’’08. Pursuing 08. Pursuing more grant money to offset cost. more grant money to offset cost.

–– ““CuttingCutting”” fuel on coldest days if fuel on coldest days if need beneed be

–– Fuel quality is essentialFuel quality is essential

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BiodieselBiodiesel–– Environmental BenefitsEnvironmental Benefits–– Denver purchased 2,448,935 gallons of B20 Denver purchased 2,448,935 gallons of B20

from 2004 through 2007from 2004 through 2007–– Associated emissions reductions:Associated emissions reductions:

3,136 pounds of particulate matter3,136 pounds of particulate matter 4,110 pounds of hydrocarbons4,110 pounds of hydrocarbons 7.9 million pounds of carbon dioxide. Estimated to be 7.9 million pounds of carbon dioxide. Estimated to be

equivalent to 785 vehicles not being driven for one equivalent to 785 vehicles not being driven for one yearyear

Source: National Biodiesel Board websiteSource: National Biodiesel Board website

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Alternative FuelsAlternative Fuels–– E85E85

In 2008, City began dispensing E85 fuel for In 2008, City began dispensing E85 fuel for the first time in its historythe first time in its history

242 flex242 flex--fuel vehicles in fleetfuel vehicles in fleet

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Emissions ControlEmissions Control–– Retrofitted 26 refuse units with crank case Retrofitted 26 refuse units with crank case

ventilation systemsventilation systems–– Retrofitted 34 dump trucks with diesel Retrofitted 34 dump trucks with diesel

oxidation catalysts and crank case ventilation oxidation catalysts and crank case ventilation systems systems DOCs break down pollutants (CO, HC, PM) into DOCs break down pollutants (CO, HC, PM) into

harmless gases.harmless gases. Crank case ventilation systems virtually eliminate Crank case ventilation systems virtually eliminate

crank case emissions.crank case emissions. The two systems working in tandem are claimed to The two systems working in tandem are claimed to

reduce pollutants by 90%reduce pollutants by 90%

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OffOff--Road Paving Equipment GrantRoad Paving Equipment Grant–– 21 pieces of off21 pieces of off--road paving equipment road paving equipment

are getting DOCs.are getting DOCs.

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Another Emissions Control InitiativeAnother Emissions Control Initiative–– Installed preInstalled pre--heaters on 16 refuse heaters on 16 refuse

truckstrucks–– The heaters heat the unitThe heaters heat the unit’’s hydraulic oil s hydraulic oil

and engine coolantand engine coolant–– Reduces idling timeReduces idling time-- Reduces emissions Reduces emissions

produced when produced when vehicles start up vehicles start up on cold dayson cold days

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Funding for Retrofits Funding for Retrofits –– Made possible with EPA grant money Made possible with EPA grant money –– Also applying for DOE grant $$ for plugAlso applying for DOE grant $$ for plug--

in conversion kits, charging stations, in conversion kits, charging stations, medium duty hybridsmedium duty hybrids

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New Idling OrdinanceNew Idling Ordinance–– Effective 2009Effective 2009–– No person shall allow a vehicle to idle No person shall allow a vehicle to idle

for more than five (5) minutes in any for more than five (5) minutes in any oneone--hour periodhour period

–– DoesnDoesn’’t apply to emergency vehiclest apply to emergency vehicles

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Reducing Greenhouse GasesReducing Greenhouse Gases–– Denver is monitoring the impact of driving Denver is monitoring the impact of driving

behavior on fuel consumption and greenhouse behavior on fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.gas emissions.

–– 168 units piloting 168 units piloting ““Driving ChangeDriving Change”” product product developed by Enviance, Inc. and Cartasite, Inc.developed by Enviance, Inc. and Cartasite, Inc.

–– It educates operators on how their driving It educates operators on how their driving patterns can impact their carbon footprintspatterns can impact their carbon footprints

–– Participants have access to their vehicleParticipants have access to their vehicle’’s s emissions info and can monitor their progress.emissions info and can monitor their progress.

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Controlling particulate matterControlling particulate matter–– In 2001, Fleet Maintenance began In 2001, Fleet Maintenance began

purchasing purchasing ““combo unitscombo units”” –– 50 snow 50 snow trucks able to carry and apply liquid and trucks able to carry and apply liquid and solid desolid de--icers.icers.

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Fuel conservation effortsFuel conservation efforts–– Established Fuel Conservation Established Fuel Conservation

Committee in June 2008Committee in June 2008–– Reprogramming transmissions on refuse Reprogramming transmissions on refuse

trucks (lowering shift points for fuel trucks (lowering shift points for fuel economy increase averaging 18%)economy increase averaging 18%)

–– Setting maximum idle time and speedSetting maximum idle time and speed–– Tracking and expanding successful Tracking and expanding successful

initiativesinitiatives

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Fuel Conservation EffortsFuel Conservation Efforts–– Incorporating Incorporating LEDsLEDs (light(light--emitting emitting

diodes)diodes)

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Gaining efficiencies through GPSGaining efficiencies through GPS–– Denver has installed GPS units on Denver has installed GPS units on

approximately 70 Wastewater trucksapproximately 70 Wastewater trucks–– Piloting ZONAR on 20 refuse unitsPiloting ZONAR on 20 refuse units–– Using GPS to improve routing and save Using GPS to improve routing and save

fuel!fuel!

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Proactive Tire ProgramProactive Tire Program–– Fleet Maintenance regularly checks Fleet Maintenance regularly checks

vehicle tiresvehicle tires–– Being down 7.5 pounds of pressure Being down 7.5 pounds of pressure

reduces fuel economy by 2.8%reduces fuel economy by 2.8%

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Reducing Reducing Hazardous WasteHazardous Waste–– Targeted parts Targeted parts

cleaning processescleaning processes–– Purchased Purchased

environmentallyenvironmentally--friendly parts friendly parts washers washers

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New parts washersNew parts washers–– SelfSelf--cleaning unitscleaning units–– Produce less wasteProduce less waste–– Reduced hazardous Reduced hazardous waste generation bywaste generation by2,000 pounds (or 2,000 pounds (or one ton).one ton).

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Body Shop ImprovementsBody Shop Improvements–– Installed a new air makeup unit in the Installed a new air makeup unit in the

paint booth. It filters air coming in and paint booth. It filters air coming in and out of the paint booth (intake and out of the paint booth (intake and exhaust filters). Fewer harmful exhaust filters). Fewer harmful emissions released into the atmosphere. emissions released into the atmosphere.

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““GreenGreen”” PaintPaint–– Using Martin Senour Using Martin Senour waterwater--based automotive based automotive paint (new to our region)paint (new to our region)

–– Estimates 96% reduction in volatile Estimates 96% reduction in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions organic compound (VOC) emissions compared to solventcompared to solvent--borne basecoatsborne basecoats

–– No hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)No hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)–– Reduces hazardous waste generation = Reduces hazardous waste generation =

saves $$saves $$

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Receiving RecognitionReceiving Recognition–– 99thth Greenest Fleet in North America Greenest Fleet in North America --

100 Best Fleets Organization100 Best Fleets Organization–– 2009 Colorado APWA Chapter Award for 2009 Colorado APWA Chapter Award for

Fuel Savings and Conservation ProgramFuel Savings and Conservation Program–– City and County of Denver 5281 Team City and County of Denver 5281 Team

Award for supporting the CityAward for supporting the City’’s s sustainability action agendasustainability action agenda

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Greening DenverGreening Denver’’s Fleets Fleet DenverDenver’’s Environmental Management s Environmental Management

System (EMS) receives ISO 14001 System (EMS) receives ISO 14001 certificationcertification–– Management system to improve environmental Management system to improve environmental

and sustainable development performanceand sustainable development performance–– Uses a continuous improvement cycle of PlanUses a continuous improvement cycle of Plan--

DoDo--CheckCheck--ActAct–– Denver is now one of the first major US cities Denver is now one of the first major US cities

with a ISO 14001with a ISO 14001--certified EMScertified EMS–– Shows commitment to continuously improving Shows commitment to continuously improving

our environmental stewardship.our environmental stewardship.

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EcoEco--Partnership with ChinaPartnership with China–– CoCo--chair of ecochair of eco--partnership between Denver, partnership between Denver,

CO, and Chongqing, ChinaCO, and Chongqing, China–– Partnership arranged by U.S. Treasury Dept.Partnership arranged by U.S. Treasury Dept.–– The two cities have agreed to jointly confront The two cities have agreed to jointly confront

the challenge of advancing the electrification of the challenge of advancing the electrification of the automobilethe automobile

–– Partners include Ford, Partners include Ford, ChanganChangan Motor, National Motor, National Renewable Energy Lab, and American and Renewable Energy Lab, and American and Chinese Battery Consortiums, among others.Chinese Battery Consortiums, among others.

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Looking to the FutureLooking to the Future–– New fleet facility in 2010 to New fleet facility in 2010 to

accommodate maintenance of accommodate maintenance of alternative fuel vehiclesalternative fuel vehicles

–– Pursuing grant money for L/CNG fueling Pursuing grant money for L/CNG fueling station and to offset incremental cost of station and to offset incremental cost of purchasing LNG refuse units.purchasing LNG refuse units.

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Looking to the FutureLooking to the Future–– Receiving CNG trash truck this yearReceiving CNG trash truck this year–– Methane project Methane project –– converting methane converting methane

from the dump into LNG fuel from the dump into LNG fuel –– RightRight--hand drive hybrids for parking hand drive hybrids for parking

enforcement employeesenforcement employees

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What ItWhat It’’s All About!s All About!

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