Green net-2011-show

ENERGY LITERACYSaul Griffith

otherlab.comenergyliteracy.com

green:net - 2011

The challenge:The future needs to sound AWESOME.

AWESOME needs to be shaped by optimistic realism, and backed by science.

RECORD LEVELS OF

CO2

INCREASING POPULATION PRESSURES

ENVIRONMENT

TRUCK & SUV USE LIMITS BENEFIT OF HYBRID AND

ELECTRIC CARS

DEFORESTATION CONTINUES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

HARDEST HIT

DOZENS MORE COAL PLANTS

ARCTIC ICE MELTING FASTER THAN PREDICTED

POLAR BEARS ENDANGERED

CO2 RISES AGAIN

CARBON SEQUES-

HU-MANI-TAR-IAN

CRISE

HURRICANE CELINE

STRIKES

SUV’SHOTTEST DAY ON RECORD

ANOTHER GLACIER DISAP-PEARS

CROP FAILURE..

AGAIN

WHO WILL SAVE YOU FROM

DROWNING WHEN THE OCEANS

RISE?

I GUESSWE HAVE TO SAVE OUR-

SELVES

if archimedes discovered his principle of buoyancy in the bathtub... perhaps i can utilise it to quantify my work!

the volume of water displaced from the jar by the gas is equal to the volume of the gas! i can measure my output!

the energy content can be correlated with the input! baked beans... milk & cook-ies...

i appreciate your desire to share your research with me tuck...

you think it stinks,

don’t you?

no... well yes... but no... i just think we need to inform ourselves and become liter-

ate about energy

you mean un-derstand the

problem better?

a thorough analysis of the

challenge should help

nothing is stopping us from solving the problem, let’s do it.

What does it mean to be energy literate?

Energy flows on earth including • human activity.Energy quantities in your own life.• Energy demographics.• Basic unit conversions.• What is possible given what we know.•

Units shown in Terawatts (TW)

Energy production

Plants: 5.2

Tidal: 0.0005

Solar: 0.016

Wind: 0.06

Gas: 3.2 Coal: 3.6

Geothermal: 0.03

Nuclear: 0.37

Hydro: 0.36

Oil:5

18 TWHumanity

Global Exergy ConsumptionUnits shown in Terawatts

Other 2.5 Chemicals Metabolism Lighting Refrigeration

Electricity 1.7

Manufacturing & Industrial 3

Road & Rail 2.1

Heating & Cooking 2.3

Forestry 3

Global Energy Consumption

Agriculture 3.8

Units shown in Terawatts (TW) 18 TWHumanity

US TOTAL Energy Flow, 2008(Gigawatts)

MODIFIED FROM: Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2008

1 Includes lease condensate.2 Natural gas plant liquids.3 Conventional hydroelectric power, biomass, geothermal, solar/photovoltaic, and wind.4 Crude oil and petroleum products. Includes imports into the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.5 Natural gas, coal, coal coke, fuel ethanol, and electricity.6 Adjustments, losses, and unaccounted for.7 Coal, natural gas, coal coke, and electricity.8 Natural gas only; excludes supplemental gaseous fuels.

9 Petroleum products, including natural gas plant liquids, and crude oil burned as fuel.10 Includes 0.04 quadrillion Btu of coal coke net imports.11 Includes 0.11 quadrillion Btu of electricity net imports.12 Primary consumption, electricity retail sales, and electrical system energy losses, which are

allocated to the end-use sectors in proportion to each sector’s share of total electricity retailsales. See Note, “Electrical Systems Energy Losses,” at end of Section 2.

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • Values are derived from source data prior to rounding forpublication. • Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Tables 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, and 2.1a.

COAL798

NATURALGAS 707CRUDE OIL1

352NGPL2 81

NUCLEAR ELECTRIC 283

RENEWABLE3 245

PETROLEUM4

921

OTHER IMPORTS5 177

IMPORTS

1098

FOSSIL FUELS 1937 DOMESTIC

PRODUCTION2464

SUPPLY3562

EXPORTS 236

COAL750

NATURAL GAS8

797

PETROLEUM9

1242

NUCLEAR ELECTRIC POWER 283RENEWABLE ENERGY3 244

STOCK CHANGE AND OTHER6 6

PETROLEUM 126

OTHER EXPORTS7 110

FOSSILFUELS10

2790

CONSUMPTION113321

RESIDENTIA

L12

723

COMMERCIAL12

620

INDUSTRIAL121043

TRANSPORTATION933

ENERGYliteracy.com2CC

MODIFIED FROM : Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Review 2008

1 Blast furnace gas, propane gas, and other manufactured and waste gases derived fromfossil fuels.

2 Batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, miscellaneous technologies,and non-renewable waste (municipal solid waste from non-biogenic sources, and tire-derivedfuels).

3 Data collection frame differences and nonsampling error. Derived for the diagram bysubtracting the “T & D Losses” estimate from “T & D Losses and Unaccounted for” derived fromTable 8.1.

4 Electric energy used in the operation of power plants.5 Transmission and distribution losses (electricity losses that occur between the point of

generation and delivery to the customer) are estimated as 7 percent of gross generation.6 Use of electricity that is 1) self-generated, 2) produced by either the same entity that

consumes the power or an affiliate, and 3) used in direct support of a service or industrialprocess located within the same facility or group of facilities that house the generating equip-ment. Direct use is exclusive of station use.

Notes: • Data are preliminary. • See Note, “Electrical System Energy Losses,” at theend of Section 2. • Values are derived from source data prior to rounding for publication.• Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Tables 8.1, 8.4a, 8.9, A6 (column 4), and Energy Information Administration,Form EIA-923, "Power Plant Operations Report."


US Electricity Flow, 2008(GW)

COAL 688

NATURAL GAS 235 PETROLEUM 16

OTHER GASES1 3

NUCLEAR ELEC. 283

RENEWABLE 130

OTHER2 3

FOSSIL FUELS942

ENERGY CONSUMED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY

1360

CONVERSION LOSSES863

GROSS GENERATIONOF ELECTRICTY

497 NET GENERATIONOF ELECTRICTY

469END USE

442

UNACCOUNTED3 4

NET IMPORTS 4

RESIDENTIAL 157

DIRECT USE6 17

TRANSPORTATION 1

INDUSTRIAL 112

COMMERCIAL 154

TRANSM’N & DISTRIB’N LOSSES5 35

PLANT USE4 28

Sources of renewable energy.

31 000 TW Atmospheric Absorption

85 000 TW Surface Solar

62 TW Ocean surface waves

90 TW Photosynthesis

65 TW Land3 TW Coastal waves

7.2 TW Hydro Rivers

300 TW Hydro Clouds

25 TW Hydro Land

3600 TW Wind

41 000 TW Evaporation

38 000 TW Land & Water heating

3.5 TW Tidal

32 TW Geo thermal

25 TW Ocean

100 TW Ocean thermal gradient

18 TWGlobal consumption

SFO

TO LH

R 4

10

W

LHR-S

FO 410 W

SFO-ATL 160 W

ATL-SFO 160 W

SFO-ATL-CPH 510 W

HEL-AMS-ATL-SFO 570 W

OAK-OGG-HON-OAK 560 W

SFO-BOS 210 W

BOS-SFO 210 W

OAK-DC 180 W

DC-OAK 180 W

OAK-ORD-MON-QUE 210 WQUE-DTW-SFO 210 WSFO-JFK 200 WJFK-SFO 200 W

OAK-BUR 20 W

BUR-OAK 20 W

SFO-BOS 210 WBOS-ORD 70 W

ORD-SFO 140 WSFO-JFK 200 W

JFK-SFO 200 W

SJC-SJO 230 W

SJO-SJC 230 W

SJC-VIJ 280 W

VIJ-SJC 280 W

SFO-SYD1140 W

SFO-DR 310 W

DR-SFO 3

10 W

SFO-O

AK 280 W

OAK

-SFO

280

W

'SFO TO LHR' 'LHR-SFO' 'SFO-ATL' 'ATL-SFO' 'SFO-ATL-CPH' 'HEL-AMS-ATL-SFO' 'OAK-OGG-HON-OAK' 'SFO-BOS' 'BOS-SFO' 'OAK-DC' 'DC-OAK' 'OAK-ORD-MON-QUE' 'QUE-DTW-SFO' 'SFO-JFK' 'JFK-SFO' 'OAK-BUR' 'BUR-OAK' 'SFO-BOS' 'BOS-ORD' 'ORD-SFO''SFO-JFK' 'JFK-SFO' 'SJC-SJO' 'SJO-SJC' 'SJC-VIJ' 'VIJ-SJC''SFO-SYD' 'SFO-DR' 'DR-SFO' 'SFO-OAK' 'OAK-SFO'

HO

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AS

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IDG

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CO

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10 WLA

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1 W

STER

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1 WLIG

HTS

ELEC 70 W

OTH

ER ELEC

8 W

MEAT & EG

GS 160 W

DAIRY 50 W

FATS AND OILS 30 W

FRUIT, VEG & NUTS 90 W

CEREALS & GRAINS 10 W

SUGAR 20 WBEER & W

INE 60 W

COFFEE 20 W

AG. PESTICIDES 10 W

AG. FERTILIZER 50 W

AG. ELECTRIC 40 W

AG. FO

SSILFUELS 80 W

WO

RKELECTRIC 410 W

WORKHEAT 200 W

CARS 560 W

BOATS 50 W

INTERNET 70 W

COMPUTERS 700 W

ELECTRONICS 250 W

NEWS 180 W

BIKES 6 WWATER 160 W

WASTEDISPOSAL 9 W TRANSPORTTOME 40 W

TEXTILES 90 W

BOOKS 130 W

MISCSTUFF1000 W

HOUSE 260 WRECREATION 110 W

HEALTHCARE 680 WFINANCE 60 WEDUCATION 340 W

WHITEGOODS 8 W

DEFENSE 100 W

ENERGY 4 W

GSA 2 W

HHS 1 W

JUSTICE 4

W

NASA 1 W

POSTAL-SERVIC

E 5 W

VETERANS-AFFAIRS 3 W

OTHER 4 W

STREETLIGHTS 4

W

GOV.VEHICLES 3

W

ROADS 330 W

OTHER 3 W

NON-

ACCO

UNTED

2960

W

My 2007 life:18000 Watts.

Book

sheetsofpaper

framed art

CD

jewelcase

boardgame

New

sPapers

monthlym

agazine

quarterlymagazine

projectionscreen

Mobile Phone

Desktop Computer

Laptop

Washing Machine

Refrigerator Oven

Dryer

House

Bicycles

Catam

aran

s

mot

orcy

cleh

elm

et

Gol

fClu

bs infla

tabl

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phan

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cup

toot

hpas

te

cond

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er

teacandle detergentw

ashingpowder

toiletpaperroll clingw

rapsaran

aluminum

foil w

axedpaper S

hoes

Watch-C

oach W

oolenHat

t-shirt

pants coatjacket

socks woolhat

uggboots

crocsshoes

leathershoes w

idebrimhat

mensocks

menunderw

ear m

enshorts

shirtmenscollared

cargopants

coverallsoveralls

beltleather

MenW

oolSuit

Table(Wood)

Chair

futonmattress

metalfutonfram

e

woodenfutonfram

e

Bookshelf

woolenfloorrug

pillow

Sofabenchsittingkitchen

diningtable

chairdining sofabed

plantpotlarge

plantpotsmall stepstool

sidetable

KitchenPot

ricecooker

copperfryingpan

coppersaucepan kitchenknife

espressomachine

knifeblock

cuttingboard rollingpin

canopener

bottleopener

kitchenknives

coffeemug

tableknife

tablefork

teaspoon

soupspoons teapot

teakettle

sixcupFrench

butcherblock steelm

ug

ceramicm

ug

waterglass

saladplate bowl

dinnerplate

WineG

lass

cakestand

saladbowl

carvingset

woodenspoon

bamboospoon m

etalspatula rubberspatula

whisk key

paintroller

cellphonecover

powerstrip

deskphone

ToolChest

umbrella

conferencebag

suitcasecarry

artificialchristmastree

naturalchristmastree

aluminum

stepladder

extensioncord

volkswagendunebuggy

toyotapickup

Honda Insight

TRAS

H

PHYSICAL STUFF ~2500 Watts

FLYING

DRIVING

LIGHTING

HEATING

EATING

BUYING

TAXING

= 1% of my energy use.

FLYING

DRIVING

LIGHTING

HEATING

EATING

BUYING

TAXING

SAUL - 2008 - 18000W

SAUL - 2018 - 2200W

= 100 Watts

Coal : 108.971 Watts

Natural Gas : 1139.9 Watts

Petroleum : 15299.5 Watts

Nuclear : 228.46 Watts

Hydroelectric : 331.725 Watts

Geothermal : 45.755 Watts

Solar : 0. Watts

Wind : 34.316 Watts

Biomass : 34.316 Watts

Electricity : 1143.88 Watts

Flights : 8580. Watts

Government : 644. Watts

Driving : 1430. Watts

Consumer Stuff : 4703. Watts

Food : 625.919 Watts

Work Gas : 200. Watts

Work Electric : 410. Watts

House Gas : 500. Watts

House Electric : 130. Watts

Residential : 2038.75 Watts

Commercial : 2018.75 Watts

Industrial : 1408.75 Watts

Transportation : 11756.8 Watts

Wasted Energy : 9910.81

Energy Services : 7312.19

Saul's Energy2007: 17223 Watts

0 10 20 30 40 500

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40State-level energy consumption per Capita, 2006 (kW)

Kilo

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Average = 11.14kW

0 10 20 30 40 50

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 Qatar2 Iceland3 United Arab Emirates4 Bahrain5 Luxembourg6 Netherlands Antilles7 Kuwait8 Trinidad and Tobago9 Canada10 United States11 Brunei Darussalam12 Finland13 Norway14 Sweden15 Australia

16 Belgium17 Saudi Arabia18 Singapore19 Gibraltar20 Netherlands21 Oman22 France23 Russian Federation24 New Zealand25 Korea, Rep26 Czech Rep27 Germany28 Austria29 Japan30 United Kingdom31 Denmark32 Ireland33 Switzerland34 Estonia35 Turkmenistan36 Slovenia37 Slovakia38 Kazakhstan39 Cyprus40 Spain41 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya42 Israel43 Italy44 Ukraine45 Greece46 Belarus47 Lithuania48 South Africa49 Hungary50 Bulgaria

kilo

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tsPer Capita Energy Use 2003

US Average.

Global Average

Per capita power use 2003

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kilo

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Countries using less than 2000W per person

PV : 50% CST : 25%

ATMOSPHERIC LOSSES.

DAY / NIGHT LOSSES.

CLOUD / WEATHER LOSSES.

SOLAR CONSTANT = 1366 Watts / m2.

GEOGRAPHY (LATITUDE).

LAND AREA COVERAGE

INSOLATION =90-300 Watts / m2.

TECHNOLOGY EFFICIENCY10 - 40%.

ACTUAL SOLAR PHOTONS TO ELECTRONS = 10-20 Watts / m2.

100m diameter = 3MW rated.33% capacity factor = 0.33 x 3 = 1MWSpacing = 10 diameters apart.Actual power density by land area = 1MW / 1km2

1-2W/m2 of land.

US Energy Policy Planner

120∞ W 110 ∞ W 100∞ W 90∞ W

80∞ W 70∞ W

30 ∞ N

40 ∞ N

50 ∞ N

?

Energy Literacy would help you:

Take action in your own life.• Critically assess `energy’ and climate • media.Vote cognizant of energy issues.•

Why should we care about energy literacy?

Production and use of energy effects • environment, economics, and politics at personal, local and global scales. Climate change.• Long term economics.• ‘Energy independence’.•

Green net-2011-show

Education

Transcript of Green net-2011-show