Grant and Scholarship Aid in California · 2015. 4. 22. · Grant and Scholarship Aid in California...
Transcript of Grant and Scholarship Aid in California · 2015. 4. 22. · Grant and Scholarship Aid in California...
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Making College Possible Grant and Scholarship Aid in California
Hans Johnson Public Policy Institute of California
Supported with funding from the College Access Foundation of California and the Donald Bren Foundation
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§ College remains the best path to economic gains – But it has become more expensive
§ The majority of California’s K–12 students are poor or “near” poor
§ Aid allows many students to attend and complete college
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Grants and scholarships are essential to many Californians
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Outline
§ Sources of grant aid § How important is grant aid? § Policy and program challenges
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Aid comes from various sources
§ Major sources include – Federal government – State government – Institutional grants offered by colleges – Private scholarships
§ Merit scholarships vs. need-based aid
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Most aid is provided by federal and state governments
5
37%
6%
23%
7%
27%
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Dis
tribu
tion
of to
tal a
id
Institutional Aid
Private Scholarships
Local Aid
State Aid
Other Federal Aid
Pell Grants
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Aid sources vary across institutions
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
UC
CSU
Community college
Private non-profit, 4-year
Private for-profit, 4-year
Private for-profit, 2-year
Pell Grants Other federal grants State grants Institutional grants Local grants Private scholarships
Share of aid 2011-12
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Aid sources vary across institutions
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
UC
CSU
Community college
Private non-profit, 4-year
Private for-profit, 4-year
Private for-profit, 2-year
Pell Grants Other federal grants State grants Institutional grants Local grants Private scholarships
Share of aid 2011-12
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Outline
§ Sources of grant aid § How important is grant aid?
– Affordability – Accessibility – Completion
§ Policy and program challenges
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Public colleges are more affordable than private colleges…
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16,466 19,700
26,924
37,418
46,092
55,546
17,485
22,819
31,198
35,323
51,590
57,706
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
Community colleges
CSU UC Private for-profit
Private non-profit
Private non-profit research
Tota
l pric
e of
atte
ndan
ce ($
)
2008–09
2011–12
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…but private colleges offer the most aid
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Amount of aid by family income
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Community college
CSU UC Private non-profit,
4-year
Private for-profit,
4-year
0–30,000
30,000–48,000
48,000–75,000
75,000–110,00
110,000+
Family income ($):
Ave
rage
aid
per
fres
hman
in 2
011–
12 ($
)
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Even so, net prices are lowest at public colleges…
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Net price by family income
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Community college
CSU UC Private non-profit,
4-year
Private for-profit,
4-year
0–30,000 30,000–48,000 48,000–75,000 75,000–110,00 110,000+
Family income ($):
Aver
age
net p
rice
per f
resh
man
in 2
011–
12 ($
)
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0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000
Santa Clara Univ. Loyola Marymount Univ.
Saint Marys College of California Biola Univ.
Chapman Univ. Azusa Pacific Univ.
Univ. of San Francisco Point Loma Nazarene Univ.
Univ. of the Pacific California Lutheran Univ.
California Baptist Univ. Univ. of San Diego Univ. of Redlands Pepperdine Univ. Univ. of La Verne
Univ. of Southern California Occidental College
San Jose State Univ. UC-Santa Cruz
Cal Poly -San Luis Obispo Humboldt State Univ. Sonoma State Univ.
CSU-Channel Islands CSU-Chico
UC-Davis CSU-Northridge
UC-San Diego San Francisco State Univ.
UC-Merced UC-Santa Barbara
UC-Irvine UC-Los Angeles
CSU-East Bay UC-Riverside UC-Berkeley
CSU-Sacramento CSU-San Marcos CSU-Long Beach Cal Poly-Pomona
San Diego State Univ. CSU-San Bernardino
CSU-Bakersfield Stanford Univ.
CSU-Monterey Bay CSU-Fullerton
CSU-Stanislaus CSU-Fresno
CSU-Los Angeles CSU-Dominguez Hills
Net Price for Low-income Freshmen at California Colleges 2011-12 ($)
Public colleges Private colleges
…with one exception
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Public universities enroll three of every four low-income students
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Share of low-income freshmen
CSU 47%
UC 26%
Private non-profit, 4-year
12%
Private for-profit, 4-year 15%
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0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000
CSU-Northridge UC-Irvine
CSU-Los Angeles UC-Riverside
UC-Davis CSU-Long Beach
CSU-Fresno UC-Los Angeles
CSU-Fullerton UC-San Diego
CSU-Sacramento UC-Santa Barbara
San Francisco State Univ. San Jose State Univ.
UC-Santa Cruz California State Polytechnic Univ.-Pomona
CSU-San Bernardino San Diego State Univ. CSU-Dominguez Hills
UC-Berkeley CSU-Bakersfield
UC-Merced CSU-Chico
CSU-East Bay CSU-Stanislaus
Humboldt State Univ. Univ. of Southern California
CSU-San Marcos California Polytechnic State Univ.-San Luis Obispo
Sonoma State Univ. CSU-Monterey Bay
California Baptist Univ. Azusa Pacific Univ.
Univ. of La Verne Univ. of the Pacific
Univ. of San Francisco CSU-Channel Islands
Biola Univ. Loyola Marymount Univ.
Chapman Univ. Univ. of Redlands
Saint Marys College of California Stanford Univ.
Pepperdine Univ. Santa Clara Univ.
California Lutheran Univ. Point Loma Nazarene Univ.
Univ. of San Diego Occidental College
Number of Low-income Freshmen at California Colleges, 2011-12
Public
Private
Just three public universities enroll more low-income freshmen than all the private universities combined
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Grant aid improves completion
§ Students who receive aid are more likely to graduate § Aid enables some to attend four-year colleges
– These colleges have much higher completion rates § Performance-based grants do not lead to large
increases in completion
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Outline
§ Sources of grant aid § How important is grant aid? § Policy and program challenges
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Summary
§ For many, college would probably not be possible without grant aid
§ Aid is linked to higher rates of college completion § Aid can encourage attendance at four-year colleges § Performance-based grants do not appear to be
more effective
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Grant aid has not kept pace with rising costs
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Net price for low-income students receiving Title IV funds
In January 2012 $
2008–09 2011–12
Community colleges $ 5,759 $ 6,091
CSU 7,047 7,473
UC 8,795 8,746
Private for-profit 29,676 24,190
Private non-profit 20,190 19,216
Private non-profit research 10,874 11,191
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Recommendations
§ Help more students complete financial aid forms § Direct additional funding to low-income students § Make more institutions ineligible for state and
federal grants § Ensure aid does not exacerbate higher education
cost inflation § Avoid attaching more performance requirements to
grant eligibility
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SB 15 (Block) – Senate Democrats Higher Education Funding Plan
§ Eliminate 5% tuition increase at UC § Repeal the 11% planned cut to Cal Grants A Maximum Award for
Private Non-Profits
§ Fund 7,500 additional Cal Grant A Competitive Awards and increase enrollment in 2015-16 by 5,000 for UC and 10,500 for CSU
§ Establish Completion Incentive Grants to incentivize completion for low-income CSU students – $1,000 grant for 30 units – $1,500 grant for 60 units – $2,000 grant for 90 units
§ Plan paid for by raising tuition for out of state students, eliminating Middle Class Scholarship Fund, and tapping the new College Access Tax Credit Fund
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Making College Possible Grant and Scholarship Aid in California
Hans Johnson
Supported with funding from the College Access Foundation of California and the Donald Bren Foundation
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Notes on the use of these slides
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These slides were created to accompany a presentation. They do not include full documentation of sources, data samples, methods, and interpretations. To avoid misinterpretations, please contact: Hans Johnson([email protected]; 415-291-4400) Thank you for your interest in this work.