GPON Triple Play and SDH Connectivity Structure with Cost ... (53).pdf · GPON Triple Play and SDH...

Md. Hayder Ali Institute of Information and Communication Technology (IICT)

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

[email protected]

GPON Triple Play and SDH Connectivity Structure

with Cost Analysis

Abstract— The rapid growth of bandwidth requirements for

services like IP television and video on demand over Internet

together with high speed Internet access have demand for very

high bandwidth to customers as well as the changing role of

enterprise networking are causing disruptive change in the

enterprise local area networks. The most suitable solution for

satisfying the high bandwidth demand with a long reach is using

optical cable to customers through gigabit passive optical

network (GPON) technology. In the last one decade many

research work has been carried out on network architecture,

transmission mechanisms, power budget, bandwidth allocation

and scalability of GPON technology. But to tape the full potential

of GPON and extends its last mile limit, there is no detail analysis

regarding the convergence of synchronous digital hierarchy

(SDH) connectivity as well as which particular wavelength

should be optimum for transmission. In this paper a new

enhanced GPON architecture is proposed incorporating SDH

transmission at optimum wavelength.

Keywords -FTTH (Fiber to the Home), LDP (Local Distribution

Point), Optical Network Terminal (ONT), ODN (Optical

Distribution Network), OLT Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

(Optical Line Terminal), BDB (Building Distribution Box),

EDFA(Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers), SDH (Synchronous

Digital Hierarchy).

I. INTRODUCTION

Data growth in telecom market has reduced the prominence of

traditional wire line broadband technologies such as digital

subscriber line and cable modem. These technologies are not

efficient enough to meet the customers’ demand for high-

bandwidth applications such as high speed internet access,

video-on-demand, high definition TV, IPTV and online

gaming. In this scenario, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) by GPON

technology, which offers advantages like high bandwidth

capacity and the delivery of high speed, high quality and

multi-play services (data, voice and video) through a single

channel, presents a strong business opportunity for telecom

operators. Full Service Support, including voice (TDM),

Ethernet, ATM, leased lines, and others. Strong Operations,

Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P)

capabilities offering end-to-end service management. The

GPON technology was developed to provide high speed

Ethernet services for residential and small business customers.

It increases the access layer bandwidth and builds a

sustainable-development access layer network. OAN (Optical

Access Network) adopts technologies: active point-to-point

Figure 1: Open Access Network Structure ( FTTx)

(P2P) Ethernet and passive optical network (PON). There are

many common subsets of FTTx like- FTTN (fiber to the node

or fiber to the neighbourhood), FTTC (fiber to the curb or

fiber to the cabinet), FTTP (fiber to the premises), FTTB

(fiber to the building or fiber to the basement), FTTH (fiber to

the home) etc.

The above figure shows that if Splitted fiber directly goes to

client ode/Premises/ Home then client will enjoy the device

dedicatedly and if splitted fiber goes to Building’s basement

then from ONU/ONT client will enjoy their connectivity by

short UTP cable.

The rest of this paper is organized as follows. The background

studies is introduced in Section 2. In Section 3, the cost

calculation is compared between Ethernet connectivity and

GPON. In Section 4, modified triple play architecture is

briefed. Simulation and Performance analysis are shown at

section 5 and 6. Finally Section 7 draws a conclusion to this

paper.

II. BACKGROUND STUDIES

G.984.x Recommendations provide a typical GPON system

model, which consists of optical line terminal (OLT), optical

distribution network (ODN) and optical network unit (ONU)/

Optical network terminal (ONT). OLT is responsible for

ONU/ONT upstream bandwidth allocation, and it is a central

issue to allocate the bandwidth more reasonable [1]. I.Cale, A.

Salihovic, M. Ivekovic [2] explained overview of Gigabit

PON and analyses network architecture, transmission

Md. Saiful Islam Institute of Information and Communication Technology (IICT) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

[email protected]

mechanisms and power budget in GPON systems. But there is

no idea regarding SDH connectivity. M. Leo, M. Trotta [3]

mentioned an alternative solution based on Wavelength

Division Multiplexing (WDM-PON) that seems to have more

performances than GPON in terms of bandwidth allocation,

scalability and capability of unbundling. There is no idea or

on how wavelength should be optimum. Ricciardi, S.;

Santos-Boada, G.; Careglio, D.; Domingo-Pascual, J [4]

shown an analysis between Ethernet Point to Point (EP2P) and

GPON connectivity. It just an analysis of GPON general

architecture. It didn’t mentioned about complex architecture

(like-SDH, data, voice and video connectivity) of GPON. J.

Lee, I. Hwang, A. A.Nikoukar, and A. T.Liem [5] mentioned

only for bandwidth allocation scheme for general triple play

architecture, there should a scope for discussing SDH

bandwidth allocation. S. Milanovic [6] explored an

opportunity to adopt Passive Optical LANs (POLs), based on

Gigabit Passive Optical Network technology (GPON), rather

than continuing with use of traditional two- or three-tier

switched Ethernet solution. Mostly focused on Passive optical

LANs. H. Nusantara, F. Dairianta [7] analyzed the design of

fiber access network systems using GEPON technology for

HRB. GPON for HRB are designed to comply both for power

budget and rise time budget standard. Mostly discussed with

Splitting ratio for GPON system. E. J. C. González; M. E.

Morocho Cayamcela [8] analyzed the integration of HSI,

VoIP and IPTV services into the optical network owned by

the National Telecommunications Corporation of Ecuador. It

described a little bit regarding convergence of technology but

it did not discussed about SDH network over GPON. M. Irfan,

M. S. Qureshi, S. Zafar [9] explained an evaluation is

performed of 2.5Gbps bi directional GPON based Fiber-To-

The-Home (FTTH) link using advanced modulation formats.

Mostly described on mobile back haul network and a single

wavelength and two wavelengths were used for triple-play

services with different modulation schemes. A. Vesco, R. M.

Scopigno, E. Masala [10] illustrated the advantages of Time-

Division Unbalanced Carrier Sense Multiple Access

(TDuCSMA) in such a scenario compared to the Enhanced

Distributed Channel Access (EDCA), currently provided by

the IEEE 802.11 standard, in terms of both performance from

the end user’s point of view and network resource utilization.

There was an scope for discussing about SDH transmission

system over GPON system. J. Frnda, M. Voznak, P. Fazio, J.

Rozhon [11] worked with Network performance simulation

and quality of triple play service in IP networks. Mostly

worked with queuing policy and transmission speed of

interface on routers on packet networks. T. Rokkas [12]

explained the cost for the deployment of a PON FTTH

network is calculated in terms of NPV, IRR and payback

period. A comparison is made between three PON

technologies: GPON, XGPON and NG-PON2. Different

scenarios regarding population density and bitrates are

examined. S. S. W. Lee; K. Y. Li; M. S. Wu [13] implemented

all the OpenFlow functions including- packet forwarding,

bandwidth metering, statistical data collection, and status

reporting. The experimental results show that the GPON

virtual switch can correctly perform all the functions defined

in the OpenFlow 1.3 specification.

There was an opportunity to work with SDH over GPON

Network. But there are no clear idea about that. SDH

connection through an optimum wavelength is important for

GPON connectivity which will enhance the GPON triple Play

architecture and as well as performance will also increase.

III. GPON SYSTEM

GPON or Gigabit Passive Optical Network is an optical

technology based on the industry standard ITU-TG.984x

which was ratified in 2003. This technology was originally

developed to provide high speed Ethernet services for

residential and small business customers. It supports higher

rates, enhanced security, and choice of Layer 2 protocol

(ATM, GEM, and Ethernet). A passive optical network (PON)

is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network

architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are used to

enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises,

typically 16-128. A PON consists of an optical line terminal

(OLT) at the service provider's central office and a number of

optical network units (ONTs, ONUs) near end users. A PON

reduces the amount of fiber and central office equipment

required compared with point-to-point architectures. A

passive optical network is a form of fiber-optic access

network.

GPON has a downstream capacity of 2.488 Gb/s and an

upstream capacity of 1.244 Gbp/s that is shared among users.

Encryption is used to keep each user's data secured and private

from other users. Although there are other technologies that

could provide fiber to the home, passive optical networks

(PONs) like GPON are generally considered the strongest

candidate for widespread deployments. It provides

unprecedented bandwidth (shared by up to 128 premises), and

a greater distance from a central office (20 to 40 kilometers),

allowing service providers to enable bandwidth-intensive

applications and establish a long-term strategic position in the

broadband market. In downstream GPON do broadcast to all

of Connected ONU/ONT.

Enterprise GPON is also a carrier class technology that

provides a high level of Quality of Service (QOS) 99.999%

for those customers with mission-critical requirements. GPON

manufactures are now working on devises that will allow up

to 10Gbs on bandwidth. In Upstream GPON use TDMA.

As a result, the a new standard known as G987 or also known

at 10-PON has 10 Gbit/s downstream and 2.5 Gbit/s upstream

– framing is “G-PON like” and designed to coexist with

GPON devices on the same network. This is great news for

data network managers looking for low-cost, high-bandwidth,

networking technologies in order to keep up with the demands

on data applications and growth including “cloud” services.

By GPON Technology service provider could provide several

service to its customers like- IP TV, Voice (VoIP), Video,

Data Connectivity, Internet connectivity, value added service (

Online gaming, Social networking, Video on Demand etc) and

other services.

IV. COST CALCULATION

Each switch increases the carbon footprint of the organization.

The lesser the efficiency of the switch, the greater the

footprint. According to PG&E, 0.524 pounds (lb) of carbon

dioxide (CO2) are emitted for every kWh of power consumed.

A 100W switch running 24 hours a day emits close to 569 lb

of CO2 every year. Such emissions increase the carbon

footprint of an organization drastically. Thus, there exists a

strong business and environmental need to study the power

consumption of Ethernet switches. However an approximate

cost calculation is given bellow for Ethernet Connectivity.

TABLE 1: ETHERNET COST CALCULATION

The protection for PON is very important to increase

reliability. Meanwhile, access network providers need to keep

capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX) low

in order to be able to offer economical solutions for the

customers. Thus, minimizing the cost for network protection

while maintaining an acceptable level of connection

availability is an important challenge for the current fiber

access networks. An approximate cost calculation for GPON

connectivity is given bellow-

TABLE 2: FTTX COST CALCULATION

FTTH (Fiber To The Home) connectivity scenario-

Figure 2: FTTH Connectivity Structure

TABLE 3: FTTH COST CALCULATION

FTTB (Fiber To The Building) connectivity scenario-

FTTB (Fiber To The Building) connectivity scenario-

Figure 3: FTTB Connectivity Structure

TABLE 4: COST CALCULATION FOR FTTB CONNECTIVITY

V. MODIFIED TRIPLE PLAY ARCHITECTURE

The triple-play service is realized as a combination of data,

voice, and video signals. The high-speed internet component

is represented by a data link with 1.25 Gb/s downstream

bandwidth. A traditional triple play architecture is like as

bellow-

Figure 4: Traditional Triple Play Architecture

Instead of using EDFA combiner we could use MUX and

direct modulated laser and could get the best performance for

optimum wavelength.

Figure 5: Enhanced Triple Play Architecture

Ethernet Connectivity Cost: Passive Device

(Including Outside Planning) Particulars Cost (USD)

(Approximate) Descriptions

Patch Cord:

Switch Port to LDP

5.00 20M Patch Cord Price

ODF Cost at CO 4.00 144 Port ODF: 700 USD

Space Cost at CO

3.00 42U Open Rack: 106 USD.

Considering 2U Price: 42.8. 1U for ODF and 1U for Switch

Under Ground Fiber: CO to LDP

280.00

Considering 244 Core Cable

Average Distance OLT/ODF to Splitter: 4,000 Meter Underground

Fiber Cost/Meter: USD 15.00

( Consisting of 216 Core Fiber, Duct & Fiber Laying Cost)

ODF Cost at

LDP/Port

2.00 24 Port ODF: 70 USD Considering

pigtail and adapter

LDP Space Cost/Port

2.00 1U LDP Space: 20 USD

ODF Installation

Cost/Port

1.00 1U ODF Installation: 10 USD

Per Connectivity

Cost

297.00

FTTx per Client Cost (Including OSP) Particulars Unit Price (USD) (

Approximate)

25 USD per Client Cost

(1:32 Splitter) OLT Chesis including dual Power

1,400.00

Packet Switching and CPU Management

2,000.00

8-port GPON ports with SFP type line card

7,500.00 20 USD per Client Cost (1:64 Splitter)

2 Port Gigabit Ethernet Unit 70.00

PON SFP Module 300.00

GE Uplink SFP Module 100.00

Access

Network

Central

Office

OSP – Fiber

Optic

CPE Total

Cost

GPON 70.00 %

( Less )

92.00 %

( Less )

130.50 %

( Higher )

49.00 %

( Less )

Access

Network

Central

Office

OSP – Fiber

Optic

CPE Total Cost

GPON 93.50 % ( Less )

98.95 % ( Less )

60 % ( Less )

88.50 % ( Less )

LDP

OLT

Sp

litte

r

BDB ONT

ONT

Optical Fiber

UTP Cable

Data

Voice

Video

Coaxial Cable

EDFA

ISP

SW

LDP

OLT

Sp

litt

er

BDB ONT

ONT

Optical Fiber

UTP Cable

Data

Voice

Video

Coaxial Cable

ISP

MUX

VI. SIMULATION

We have done the simulation by using OptSIM Simulation

software. The simulation architecture has mainly two part,

The OLT block and The ONT block.

OLT block (Transmitter block) consists of Data/VOIP and

Video components. The Data/VOIP transmitter modeled with

pseudo-random data generator (PRBS), NRZ modulator

driver, direct-modulated laser, and booster amplifier. The

video component modeled as RF SCM (sub-currier

multiplexed) link with only two tones (channels) for

simplicity. The two channels we used are from standard

NTSC analog CATV frequency plan - channel 2 and channel

78 at frequencies 55.25 MHz and 547.25 MHz, respectively.

RF video transmitter consists of two Electrical Signal

Generators, summer, direct-modulated laser, and pre-

amplifier. Next, Data/Voice and Video signals are multiplexed

at Multiplexer and launched into 20-km fiber span. Output

from the fiber trunk goes through the 1:16 splitter and then to

individual users. User’s ONT consists of splitter and data and

video receivers. Data receiver configured with optical filter,

PIN/TIA receiver, and BER Tester. The video signal receiver

consists of optical filter, PIN/TIA receiver and electrical

filters.

The ONT block (Receiver block) can be represented as VOIP

service (voice over IP, packet-switched protocol) and can be

combined with data component in physical layer simulations.

Finally, the video component can be represented as a RF

video signal (traditional CATV) or as IPTV signal that also

can be combined with data. To modify the traditional triple

play service, we consider the former case with RF video link.

To optimize the bandwidth in PON the transmission through

the optical fiber path employs the CWDM technique with

data/voice component transmitted at wavelengths in the range

of 1480-1500 nm, and video within the 1550-1560 nm range.

VII. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

In first phase all voice, data and video signals are at same

frequency and store the results and at second phase different

signal combinations are simulated and results are stored. In

first phase simulation there were no measurable outcome as

there used same wavelength both for Data + voice and Video.

There were different outcome at second phase simulation.

Second phase Simulation was like bellow-

TABLE 5: SECOND PHASE SIMULATION WAVE LENGTH

After both phase simulation we got the best result for 20 Km

distance. We got the 1490 nm wave length for data and voice

and 1550 nm for video are given the best output signals.

Figure 6: Output Signal_ Video and Baseband Electrical Signal after

Electrical filtering

Figure 7: Input and Output Signal_ Data+Voice

Figure 8: Output Eye Diagram and Baseband Signal_ Data+Voice

VIII. CONCLUSIONS

Analyzing various case for several wave length for Data,

voice and video, it is found that by using Direct modulated

laser and an optical MUX instead of signal combiner (EDFA)

1490 nm wave length for Data+Voice and 1550 nm for Video

are best for long distance triple play connectivity in terms of

performance. To achieve the broadband targets set by the

government under the National Telecom Policy, it will be

important to drive FTTH growth along with other

technologies. GPON, through the Generic Framing Procedure

(GFP)-based adaptation method, offers a clear migration path

for adding services onto the PON without disrupting existing

equipment or altering the transport layer in any way. GPON

Connectivity is more efficient then Ethernet connectivity. It is

possible to provide 7/8 GPON Connectivity by the cost of one

Ethernet connectivity. Quad play service (SDH, voice, video

and data) is possible from single device. Industry based

implantation could be future work.

Data+Voice Video

1310 1490

1310 1550

1490 1310

1490 1550

1550 1310

1550 1490

REFERENCES

[1] ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1, G.984.2, G.984.3, G.984.5, and

G.984.6, Gigabit-capablepassive optical networks (GPON): General

characteristics, Physical media dependent layer specification, Transmission

convergence layer specification, Enhancement band, Reach extension (ex G.984.re-GPONoptical reach extension), 2003-2007.

[2] I. Cale, A. Salihovic, M. Ivekovic; “Gigabit Passive Optical Network – GPON”, Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Information

Technology Interfaces, Croatia, 25-28 June 2007.

[3] Leo, M.; Trotta, M.,”Performance evaluation of WDM-PON RSOA

based solutions in NGAN scenario ” , Proceedings of the 50th FITCE

Congress (The Forum for European ICT & Media Professionals ), Italy, 31

August- 3 September 2011．

[4] Ricciardi, S.; Santos-Boada, G.; Careglio, D.; Domingo-Pascual, J.,

“GPON and EP2P: A Techno-Economic Study”, Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC),

Spain,20- 22 June 2012.

[5] J. Lee, I. Hwang, A. A.Nikoukar, and A. T.Liem “Comprehensive

Performance Assessment of Bipartition Upstream Bandwidth Assignment

Schemes in GPON” . Journal of Optical Communications and Networking ,vol.: 5, no. 11, pp. 1285-1295, November 2013.

[6] S. Milanovic, “Case Study for a GPON Deployment in the Enterprise Environment”, Journal of Networks, vol. 9, no. 1, pp-42-47, January 2014.

[7] H. Nusantara, F. Dairianta; “Design and Analysis of FTTH - GEPON for High Rise Building”, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on

Telecommunication Systems Services and Applications (TSSA), Indonesia,

23-24 October 2014.

[8] E. J. C. González; M. E. Morocho Cayamcela; “Integration of a Triple-play platform service to the GPON infrastructure of the National

Telecommunications Corporation of Ecuador”, Proceedings of the Scientific

and Technical Conference of the Andean Council of IEEE, Bolivia, 15-17 October 2014.

[9] M. Irfan, M. S. Qureshi, S. Zafar; “Evaluation of Advanced Modulation Formats using Triple-Play Services in GPON Based FTTH”, Proceedings of

the International Conference on Cloud Computing (ICCC),KSA, 27-28 April

2015.

[10] A. Vesco, R. M. Scopigno, E. Masala; “TDuCSMA: Efficient Support

for Triple-Play Services in Wireless Home Networks”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), UK, 8-12 June

2015.

[11] J. Frnda, M. Voznak, P. Fazio, J. Rozhon; “Network Performance QoS

Estimation”, Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on

Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), Czech Republic, 9-11 July 2015.

[12] T. Rokkas; “Techno economic analysis of PON architectures for FTTH deployments”, Proceedings of the Conference of Telecommunication, Media

and Internet Techno-Economics (CTTE), Germany, 9-10 November 2015.

[13] S. S. W. Lee; K. Y. Li; M. S. Wu; “Design and Implementation of a

GPON-based Virtual Open Flow-enabled SDN Switch”, Journal of Lightwave

Technology, issue: 99, pp:1, 2016. [3] H. Xie, T. Xiaodong, Z. Li, “An algorithm to implement dba of GPON”, Proc. SPIE 5626, Network

Architectures, Management, and Applications II, 1173,vol.2 , no.6, pp. 58-59,

February 28, 2005.

Output Signal Analysis at end user side

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice and Video (1310 nm)

Video_Data_Voice_1490 nm

After 1 KM Distance After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance



After 20 KM Distance Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1490 nm)


Output Signal for Video: There is no output signal for Video

as using same frequency both for data+Voice+ Video (1490).

Output Signal for Video: There is no output signal for Video as

using same frequency both for data+Voice+ Video (1310 nm).



Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1310 nm)





Video (1310 nm)_Data+Voice(1490 nm)

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice (1490 nm) and Video (1310 nm)

After 1 KM Distance After 10 KM Distance After 20 KM Distance



Fig. Output Signal: Video for different distance (1310 nm)












Eye Diagram Comparison

Fig. Eye Diagram

Comparison for Different

combination.

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