GP-09 - Green Building
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Transcript of GP-09 - Green Building
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GREEN BUILDING
Green building (also known as green
construction or sustainable building)
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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ENERGY
EFFICIENT AND ZERO ENERGY HOMES
Goal is to design and build homes that reduce or
eliminate your need for energy.
Freeing you from the grasp of big energy
companies.
Take a look at some of the innovative ways we
have come up with.
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THE COMMON OBJECTIVE
Is that green buildings are designed to reduce the
overall impact of the built environment on human
health and the natural environment by:
Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
Protecting occupant health and improving employee
productivity
Reducing waste, pollution and environmental
degradation.
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REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Green building practices aim to reduce the
environmental impact of buildings, and the very first
rule is, do not build in sprawl (In cluster).
No matter how much grass you put on your roof, no
matter how many energy-efficient windows, etc.,
you use, if you build in sprawl, you've just defeated
your purpose.
The International Energy Agency released a
publication that estimated that existing buildings areresponsible for more than 40% of the world’s total
primary energy consumption and for 24% of global
carbon dioxide emissions.
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AFFORDABLE ZERO ENERGY HOMES
A few short years ago the notion of a zero energy
home was beyond the imagination of most people.
Technologies required were available.
But the costs to do this was far beyond the averagehomeowners budget.
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Today we can build a home that is not only
efficient but can produce all of the energy
needed through use of renewable energy,primarily the sun.
By combining design, methods, materials and
systems we have come up with affordable
approaches to building energy free homes,today.
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.
Forget the Granite Countertops and chose a solar hot
water system instead.
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GOALS OF GREEN BUILDING
The concept of sustainable development can be
traced to the energy (especially fossil oil) crisis and
the environment pollution concern in the 1970s.
There are a number of motives to building green,
including environmental, economic, and social
benefits.
However, modern sustainability initiatives call for an
integrated and synergistic design to both new
construction and in the retrofitting of an existingstructure.
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Also known as sustainable design, this approach
integrates the building life-cycle with each green practice
employed with a design-purpose to create a synergyamongst the practices used.
Green building brings together a vast array of practices
and techniques to reduce and ultimately eliminate the
impacts of buildings on the environment and human
health.
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It often emphasizes taking advantage of renewable
resources, e.g.,
Using Sunlight through Passive Solar, Active Solar, and
Photovoltaic Techniques
Using plants and trees through green roofs, rain gardens,
and for reduction of rainwater run-off.
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While the practices, or technologies, employed in green
building are constantly evolving and may differ from region
to region, there are fundamental principles that persist fromwhich the method is derived:
Siting and Structure Design Efficiency,
Energy Efficiency,
Water Efficiency, Materials Efficiency,
Indoor Environmental Quality Enhancement,
Operations and Maintenance Optimization,
Waste and Toxics Reduction
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There are several key steps in DESIGNINGsustainable buildings:
Reduce loads, Optimize systems,
Generate on-site renewable energy.
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SITING AND STRUCTURE DESIGN EFFICIENCY
The foundation of any construction project is rooted
in the concept and design stages.
The concept stage, in fact, is one of the major steps
in a project life cycle, as it has the largest impact on
cost and performance.
In designing environmentally optimal buildings, the
objective is to minimize the total environmental
impact associated with all life-cycle stages of the
building project.
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However, building as a process is not as streamlined as
an industrial process, and varies from one building to the
other, never repeating itself identically. In addition, buildings are much more complex products,
composed of a multitude of materials and components
each constituting various design variables to be decided
at the design stage.
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ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Green buildings often include measures to reduce
energy consumption – both the:
Embodied Energy Required To Extract,
Process,
Transport And Install Building Materials
And Operating Energy To Provide Services Such As
Heating And Power For Equipment.
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To reduce operating energy use:
High-efficiency Windows
Insulation In Walls, Ceilings, And Floors
Increase the efficiency of the building envelope, (the barrier
between conditioned and unconditioned space).
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REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE
BUILDING.
Solar water heating reduces energy costs.
Onsite generation of renewable energy through:
Solar Power,
Wind Power,
Hydro Power,
Biomass
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WATER EFFICIENCY
To the maximum extent feasible, facilities should
increase their dependence on water that is
collected, used, purified, and reused on-site.
Waste-water may be minimized by utilizing water
conserving fixtures such as ultra-low flush toilets
and low-flow shower heads.
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Bidets help eliminate the use of toilet paper,
reducing sewer traffic and increasing possibilities of
re-using water on-site.
Point of use water treatment and heating improves
both water quality and energy efficiency while
reducing the amount of water in circulation.
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WASTE REDUCTION
Well-designed buildings also help reduce the
amount of waste generated by the occupants as
well, by providing on-site solutions such as compost
bins to reduce matter going to landfills.
To reduce the amount of wood that goes to landfill,
the CO2 Neutral Alliance (a coalition of government,
NGOs and the forest industry) created the website
dontwastewood.com. The site includes a variety of
resources for regulators, municipalities, developers,contractors, owner/operators and
individuals/homeowners looking for information on
wood recycling.
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THERMAL ENVELOPE
A thermal envelope is everything about the house
that serves to shield the living space from the
outdoors.
It includes the wall and roof assemblies, insulation,
air/vapor retarders, windows, and weather-stripping
and caulking.
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W ALL AND R OOF ASSEMBLIES
Most builders use traditional Concrete frame
construction.
Concrete framing is a ―Tie & Hold Technique‖
construction technique that uses a potentially
renewable resource—wood— to provide a
structurally sound, long-lasting house.
With proper construction and attention to details,
the conventional wood-framed home can be very
energy efficient.
It is now even possible to purchase a sustainably
harvested wood.
And use instead of Concrete.
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OPTIMUM VALUE ENGINEERING (OVE)
This method uses wood only where it is most
effective, thus reducing costly wood use and saving
space for insulation.
The amount of lumber has been determined to be
structurally sound through both laboratory and field
tests.
However, the builder must be familiar with this type
of construction to ensure a structurally sound
house.
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STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANELS (SIPS)
These sheets are generally made of plywood or
oriented-strand board (OSB) that is laminated to
foam board.
The foam may be 4 to 8 inches thick.
Because the SIP acts as both the framing and the
insulation, construction is much faster than OVE or
stick framing.
The quality of construction is often superiorbecause there are fewer places for workers to
make mistakes.
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INSULATING CONCRETE FORMS (ICF).
Houses constructed in this manner consist of two
layers of extruded foam board (one inside the
house and one outside the house) that act as the
form for a steel-reinforced concrete center.
It’s the fastest technique and least likely to have
construction mistakes.
Such buildings are also very strong and easily
exceed code requirements for areas prone to
tornadoes or hurricanes.
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PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN WITH
OVERHANG ABOVE THE SOUTH FACING WINDOWS
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W EATHER - STRIPPING AND C AULKING
You should seal air leaks everywhere in a home’sthermal envelope to reduce energy loss.
Good air sealing alone may reduce utility costs by asmuch as 50 percent when compared to other houses ofthe same type and age.
You can accomplish most air sealing by using twomaterials: caulking and weather-stripping.
Caulking
can be used to seal areas of potential air leakage into or outof a house.
Weather-stripping can be used to seal gaps around windows and exterior doors.
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CONTROLLED VENTILATION
Since an energy-efficient house is tightly sealed, it
needs to be ventilated in a controlled manner.
Controlled, mechanical ventilation prevents health
risks from indoor air pollution, promotes a more
comfortable atmosphere, and reduces air moistureinfiltration, thus reducing the likelihood of structural
damage.
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Furnaces, water heaters, clothes dryers, and
bathroom and kitchen exhaust fans expel air from
the house, making it easier to depressurize an
airtight house if all else is ignored. But natural-draft
appliances may be back-drafted by exhaust fans,which can lead to a lethal buildup of toxic
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AIR LEAKAGE CAN OCCUR IN MANY PLACE
THROUGHOUT A HOME.
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HEATING AND COOLING S YSTEMS
Specifying the correct sizes for heating and cooling
systems in airtight, energy-efficient homes can be
tricky.
Rule-of-thumb sizing is often inaccurate, resulting in
wasteful operation.
Conscientious builders and heating, ventilation, and
air-conditioning contractors size heating and
cooling equipment based on careful consideration
of the thermal envelope characteristics.
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If an air conditioner is required, it’s often a small
unit and sufficient for all but the warmest climates.
Sometimes only a large fan and the cooler evening
air are needed to make the house comfortable.
The house is closed up in the morning and stays
cool until the next evening.
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SOME EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY USED
The technologies supported by the green building
projects include:
Fuel efficient stoves (FEW), which include a water-
warming facility (WWF) that can be used while cooking
(reduces 50% energy needs) Roof hatch windows (RHW), which allow more sunlight
in the home but reduce heat loss
Light roofs and efficient construction techniques which
use 60% less timber in construction, and due to their
thermal efficiency reduce up to 65% firewood needed toheat homes in the winter.These techniques also help
reduce hazard risks during earthquakes.
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Insulation and other thermally-efficient housing
construction techniques which reduce energy use by up
to 70%
Roof treatment techniques and the introduction of
stabilized mud blocks to improve the thermal efficiencyof houses in rural mountain environments
Technical descriptions of three techniques – the wire-
mesh knotting equipment, galvanized wire-mesh wall
reinforcement, and the house planning tool.
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IDEAL SCENARIO
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THANK YOU
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Questions?