Good afternoon! Please cut out the “electron density model” of water I handed you and add it to...

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Good afternoon! • Please cut out the “electron density model” of water I handed you and add it to the input section of your notebook. • Alternatively, you may draw it.

Transcript of Good afternoon! Please cut out the “electron density model” of water I handed you and add it to...

Good afternoon!

• Please cut out the “electron density model” of water I handed you and add it to the input section of your notebook.

• Alternatively, you may draw it.

Now, in your notebook…

• Is this an atom or a molecule? Explain.

• What is holding the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom?

• Describe why this hydrogen and oxygen atoms are connected.

• Shading = relative density of electrons.

• Describe the electron density in a water molecule.

Covalent Bonds

• Share electrons• “complete” one

another• Strong – hard to break

But…all is not equal

• Unequal electronegativity– Ability to attract

electrons

• Do not share electrons equally

SO WHAT?

Polar Covalent Bonds

• Unequal sharing of electrons

• Creates oppositely charged poles

SO WHAT?

3d Water model

• Put several of the water molecules close together. What happens?

• Draw several of the water molecules together – use dotted lines to show their interactions.

Polar Covalent Bonds

• Opposites attract• Like a chemical magnet• Creates hydrogen

bonding

Intermolecular bonds vs Intramoleculer bonds

Reviewing…

• What does it mean to be a polar molecule?

• What do I mean when I say that water is “sticky”?

Cohesion

So what?

So What?

• Adhesion

ILLUSTRATE COHESION…EXPLAIN YOUR DRAWING. DO THE SAME FOR ADHESION.

Using the model, make a solid.

• Can you pack the molecules tightly? Explain.• Draw a picture in your notebook.• How does this relate to the density of ice

versus liquid water?

So What?

• Density

So what?

http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/05mar_arctic/

Homework:

• Water is necessary for life…it is a resource…on that note, your task…Find an article about our water resource…you’ll

need it for discussion on “water current events” on Monday. Please make sure that your article is about something that has happened in the past decade.

Please don’t procrastinate…grant

Bellringer (in your notebook)

• How much water is in this graduated cylinder (units = mL)?

• What property/ies of water is causing the phenomena of the meniscus?

Reviewing yesterday…

• Density• Cohesion• Adhesion

Just how strong is a hydrogen bond?

• Demonstration

The flowers…

Water and Plants

378.1 feet!

Heat capacity

• Ability to hold onto a large amount of heat

• Takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water – why?

• Importance to living things?

Water is a liquid over a wide range of temperatures…

Average daily high: 225oFAverage daily low: -243oF

Phoenix

Atlanta

Boise, Idaho

Providence, RI

So what’s the big so what?

• Water in the atmosphere helps to moderate climate.– Kept within reasonable limits

Latent heat

• Water gives off a large amount of heat when it changes phases

• Importance to living things?

HOMEOSTASISMaintaining steady internal

conditions

Universal Solvent

• Can dissolve a lot of different substances – put it into solution…ADHESION

So What?

– Can exchange nutrients– Can exchange waste

So what?

• Death by water intoxication…– caused when sodium levels drop below 135 mmol/L– Healthy kidneys are able to excrete approximately 1

litre– Water intoxication can be prevented if a person's

intake of water does not grossly exceed his or her losses of fluid water (0.26 gallons) per hour

– Any activity or situation that promotes heavy sweating can lead to water intoxication when plain water is consumed to replace lost fluids

VOCABULARY BREAK

Hydrophilic Hydrophobic

Why did the white bear dissolve in water?

• Because it was polar…

Chemical Reactions

• H2O + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2

So What?

• Participant in chemical reactions– Product of

photosynthesis = oxygen

So what?

• Medium for chemical reactions…some things only have the right shape in water

Life depends on water…