Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion

A.P.A.C. Ltd.

Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy

ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESIGN BRIEF

FOR A WATCHING BRIEF

WB2/GOB/11

Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion

Dr N.Phillips 25/03/2013

A.P.A.C. Ltd Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion WB2/GOB/11

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Contents

Contents..............................................................................................................................................................1 List of Figures ....................................................................................................................................................2 List of Plates.......................................................................................................................................................3 1 ................................................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION2 ..........................................................................................................................................5 LOCATION3 ..........................................................5 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND4 ..................................................................................................................5 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES5 ............................................................................................6 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY6 .......................................................................................................6 RECORDING METHODOLOGY7 ....................................................................................................................6 POST-EX PROCESSING.8 ............................................................................................................................7 WATCHING BRIEF9 ..............................................................................................................................10 POST EX, FINDS.10 .........................................................................................11 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION11 ................................................................................................................12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS12 ........................................................................................................................................12 Bibliography

Appendix I Context records

Appendix II Photographic records

Appendix III Finds records

Cover Photograph: DSC01947 View of building prior to demolition work.

Copyright Notice: A.P.A.C. Ltd. retains copyright of this report under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988. The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577) to reproduce map information; Copyright remains otherwise with the Ordnance Survey.


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List of Figures Figure 01 Location Map Figure 02 Site area Figure 03 Site detail (A3) Figure 04 Area C detail with contexts (A3) Figure 05 Section under former east wall Figure 06 Section trench 8


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List of Plates Plate 01 Two metal, and one salt glazed pipe in trench 1 Plate 02 Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall (flash) Plate 03 Location of dry stone wall to house Plate 04 View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface 400mm Plate 05 View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed pipe exposed. Plate 06 Excavation of South Manhole Plate 07 Excavation of slab east of new construction, old manhole Plate 08 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view Plate 09 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview Plate 10 Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview Plate 11 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview Plate 12 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground Plate 13 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground detail ceramic & glass Plate 14 Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, top section before right angle pipe Plate 15 View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3 Plate 16 View along section of drainage trench approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead off, trench 4 Plate 17 Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Orange wall is external wall of snug. Plate 18 Demolition of snug Plate 19 Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location Plate 20 Section under east external wall of kitchen, detail view, TR6 Plate 21 Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8 Plate 22 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) S TR8 Plate 23 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) E TR8 Plate 24 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) TR8 Plate 25 Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain Plate 26 Overview of both drainage and flue channels Plate 27 Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room floor Plate 28 South wall of boiler room. possible heating duct or flue Plate 29 Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951 Plate 30 Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring S Plate 31 Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring E Plate 32 Detail of Flag edging south edge of office Plate 33 Detail of Flag edging centre of office Plate 34 Detail of Flag edging north edge of office Plate 35 Detail of drainage run under office floor Plate 36 Overview of both drainage and flue channels Plate 37 Bulk of finds associated with context 134 Plate 38 Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket top view Plate 39 Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket Plate 40 Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket Plate 41 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic Plate 42 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail Plate 43 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip, top view Plate 44 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, top view


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NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY

On 6th June 2011, Dr N Phillips of A.P.A.C. Ltd was contacted by Mrs L. Hernon of Hernon Associates; agents for D & J Myrddin-Evans, of Gobion Manor, in relation to proposed work to be undertaken at the above property. The proposed work; to be undertaken in two phases, had arisen due to contamination within the house from a leaking oil fired boiler. The first phase of work; also covered by a watching brief, concerned the removal of contaminated material. Reinstatement of the building after remediation; phase 2, provided an opportunity to develop the area affected and so new building work and associated services were proposed. As the work involved excavation of a site known to have archaeological resources, the client was been advised to appoint an archaeologist to undertake a watching brief during excavation work. Dr N Phillips from A.P.A.C. Ltd. visited the site on the 17th June 2011 and accepted the contract and produced a design brief as required. The produced a background of small finds across the site but one area produced a large amount of small finds within a limited deposit, possibly related to an earlier 18th century refurbishment of the building. The work also produced evidence of a sequence of building development within the site.

1 INTRODUCTION Planning applications DC/2011/0638 & DC/2011/0639 were submitted to Monmouthshire County Council, (MCC) in 2011 and approvals were given on 03/10/2011 and 30/09/2011; respectively, allowing for the proposed work to proceed with the proviso of certain conditions. Of interest in this present document is the advice given by Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust, (GGAT) in document (MON1897/JBHD), concerning the appointment and notification to (MCC) of a suitable archaeologist to undertake a watching brief, to a program of work outlined in a written scheme of investigation during ground works at the site. The recommendation was that the condition should be based on Welsh Office Circular 60/96 section 22:

The developer shall ensure that a suitably qualified archaeologist is present during the undertaking of any ground disturbing works in the development area, so that an archaeological watching brief can be conducted. The archaeological watching brief shall be undertaken to the standards of the Institute for Archaeologists. The Local Planning Authority shall be informed, in writing, at least two weeks before the commencement of the development of the name of said archaeologist and no work shall begin until the Local Planning Authority has confirmed in writing, that the proposed archaeologist is suitable. A copy of the watching brief report shall be submitted to the Local Planning Authority within two months of the fieldwork being completed by the archaeologist.

(MON1360/JBHD)


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This advice was included as condition 2, in DC/2011/00638 and condition 15 in DC/2011/00639. This document is the report produced for the watching brief, by Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy (A.P.A.C. Ltd) at Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion. NP7 9AY, fig 01. Proposed work on the property involved demolition of part of the building and renovation of two internal rooms, floors and walls. Some of the work was previously reported in WB/GOB/11, a watching brief during remediation work at the site following the leak of central heating fuel. The development also required some addition and alteration to the services, which extended the watching brief to the east of the house, fig 02.

2 LOCATION The location of the site, Gobion Manor is some 5 miles east of Abergavenny on the B4598, Grid Ref 334814 209469, fig 01.

3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Gobion Manor is a Grade II listed building. Record no 2001/ 09/01/1956, (Mon CBC).

The listing states: An apparently late C16 house, of two-room plan, with two storey and attic, and a storied porch. The house appears to have been largely unaltered until the C20 when it was given outhouses at the rear and all new fenestration, but some of these changes may have been a re-doing of C19 ones.

(ibid.).

A full description and known history of Gobion Manor can be found in the Historical Appraisal and Justification Statement, (Hernon 2011). It basically lists that the main house dating from the 16th century has had various phases of renovation during its period of existence. Of specific interest to this report is that of the northern extension and out-shut, which from Ordnance Survey mapping can be seen to have been in existence since 1882. The house formerly known as White house of White House Farm was included in the Regional Style Early Renaissance Period (1599-1662) by (Fox and Raglan, 1994.154) and the date was acceptable to Newman as late 16th century (Newman, 2000. 293).

4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of a watching brief is to establish the presence/absence of archaeological structures or other significant features within the works area. Should any archaeological resources be revealed, their presence will be recorded and a decision made as to any mitigation measures. To carry out an archaeological watching brief to the standards laid down in the Institute of Field Archaeologists, Guideline for Watching Briefs. This will entail a programme of observation and investigation in the specified area during ground works and to produce an archive report of the same.


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The specific undertaking of the watching brief at Gobion Manor, is that no excavation of the ground surface, within the location of this planning application, will be undertaken unless the contracted archaeologist is present to oversee the work.

5 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY Fieldwork Groundwork at the site entailed nine days of recording and observation during excavation work. The work started on the 10th of October 2012 with the final day on the 8th of December 2011. The watching brief requirement was intermittent; dictated by the work schedule.

6 RECORDING METHODOLOGY Recording All contexts were recorded on pro forma context sheets with an index sheet compiled. The index sheet has been digitised with references to finds and photographs added; included in Appendix 1. The original sheets are retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd. A photographic record of the evaluation was made utilising digital photography. An index sheet of the photographs was compiled and later digitised with annotations; Appendix II. A full record of the photographs has also been digitised, with metadata, and included in the archive, IIa. The original sheets are retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd. All small finds were recorded on pro forma finds sheets together with reference to context. The sheets were later digitised with post-ex analysis added. These are included in Appendix III. The original sheets are retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd. Detailed records of the watching brief were made in order that this post-excavation report could be produced. This record remains with A.P.A.C. Ltd. Survey A topographical survey was undertaken of the site by A.P.A.C. Ltd to locate the extent and location of the work which was later reproduced on the survey plan submitted by the clients architect, Hernon Associates, fig 03. The survey was of sufficient detail to locate various features relative to their surroundings and depth below ground. The survey was undertaken at opportune times, with all important features recorded using a Topcon GPT 3007 REDM, Reflectorless Electronic Distance Measurement, Total Station. The location and dimensions of the evaluation trenches were also be marked at this time.

7 POST-EX PROCESSING. Sufficient documentary research was undertaken to place the results of the evaluation in their historic context.


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All photographs were imported into Adobe Illustrator to compile a photographic archive before being converted to PDF files. All finds were cleaned, and counted by type, before being packed in labelled bags with identification as to context. The finds were then analysed as to general date and type with further specimens being sent for expert analysis. A number of finds were found to be of identical fabric and from the same location. These were collected for an attempt at refit which had some success. The refit was undertaken using PVA glue and various support techniques to stabilise the objects whist they dried. Survey data was processed in Civilcad 6 with further processing and analysis undertaken in AutoCAD before transfer to Adobe Illustrator for publication. Assessment and analysis of all data collected or compiled was undertaken and the results thereof compiled into this report. A copy of the report and the small finds will be deposited with Abergavenny Museum. An archive of the work with digitised copies will be deposited with, the HER and the GRO. The primary archive will be held at A.P.A.C. Ltd.

8 WATCHING BRIEF Soils and ground conditions The site covered three main areas: A, B & C, figs 02 & 03

Area A is to the north and east of the site outside of the former building. Mostly tar macadam but some paved area.

Area B comprises the lawn to the east of the property.

Area C is the site formerly occupied by the demolished building and containing the passage, boiler

room, office and snug. Areas A and B were for the most part, straight forward to record being a simple sequence of deposition with occasional cuts for former services. Area C was a little more difficult because it comprised of a sequence of features which were restricted to different areas of occupation. A plan view of the whole site with an inset detailing the majority of the contexts in C can be seen in fig 04. Description

NB: Contexts, [###] referred to below are listed in Appendix 1. Plates referred to in the text are to be found at the end of the report with a full list of photographs given in Appendix II. Finds, {##} descriptions can be found in Appendix III.

To reduce confusion, the following description will deal with each of the three areas in turn although this was not the order in which the work was undertaken. Indeed, with the exception of area B the work tended to shift back and forth between areas A & C, throughout.


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Area A Work began in area A with drainage trench 1 measuring 3.6m and situated 5.5m to the east of the former office, fig 04. This trench produced the simple sequence which seemed to be characteristic of area A; the land immediately surrounding the limit of the present buildings. The general sequence revealed was: [100], an 8 mm, black loamy topsoil under which was [101], an 18mm layer of black silty sand. The latter produced {6} which consisted of 3 sherds of 19th/20th century ceramic and a small piece of green glaze 15th /16th century jug handle. Beneath [101] was context [102], a 450mm deposit of red/black sandy clay containing a large amount of small angular stone and 19th-20th century small finds {1, 3 & 4}. At the deepest extent of the trench was a red sandy clay [105]. The sequence had been disturbed within the limit of trench 1 by at least two instances of pipe laying, [106-107] & [108-109]; as can be seen in Plate 01. Each instance disturbed the ground with cut and fill episodes, unfortunately, not very clearly defined within the narrow trench. An altogether earlier disturbance to the sequence was discovered at the base of the west edge of trench 1. The disturbance appeared to be the edge of a mortared wall [103]. Later work with the excavation of trench 5, fig 04; joining trench 1 to the building, produced a section through the wall, Plates 02 & 03. The structure, [103] was a layer of rounded stone bonded with pink lime mortar to form a single feature, 800mm wide. It is possible that the work to bury the metal pipes [109] truncated the feature but there was no continuation in the east edge of the trench. It is probable that the structure runs parallel to the east wall of the house but that was beyond the limit of the trench. The depth of the wall was approximately 400mm and it lay directly atop [105] Plate 04. One further disturbance of a salt glazed pipe [115] cut [114] and fill disturbed trench some 250mm from the wall [118] of the house and again running parallel to it, Plate 05. The original trench 1 was continued towards the north for a further 1.7m where the excavation was widened to reduce the level of the surface and gain access to the existing manholes fig 04, Plates 06, 07, 08, 09 & 10. The majority of this work was within deposit [102], as found in trench 1. Finds here, {8 & 9} were also 19th/20th century. As the work progressed north of trench 1 the top surfaces of [100] and [101] were replaced by [130-132] tarmac, chippings, red sand gravel providing a modern surface. One section of concrete [120] was found along the east wall of the former office but this will be discussed in Area C below. Towards the northern extremity of the levelling work [102], which still produced finds {10 & 12}, gave way to [133], a soft black sandy clay with building rubble and a large assemblage of 19thcentury ceramics, Plate 11. Within a small area of [133]; which it was not possible to examine fully, there was a large deposit [134], comprising a dump of c 17th/18th century ceramics and glass, Plates 12 & 13, find assemblage {19}. Area B Returning to trench 1, originally only 3.6m long; this was extended south by 7.3m to complete the drainage run, fig 04. The trench was then turned east into trench 2, for a further 12m, Plate 14. Exiting from trench 2 were two parallel, 8m terminal trenches 3 & 4, Plates 15 & 16. The stratigraphic sequence for trenches 2, 3 and 4 were identical being [100]-[101]-[105] with two instances of 30mm metal pipe [112-116] some 150mm beneath the surface. Two sherds of 19th/20th century ceramics were collected from [112] {5}. [102] which had been well represented in the first part of trench 1, feathered out some meter and a half from the pipe trenches and would seem therefore to have been the fill for them.


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Area C This area was a little more complex to record than A & B being basically phases of internal structures, separated both horizontally and vertically. The area has also to be considered in two parts; the first being the former snug and passage areas of which most of the surviving internal structure was stripped during remediation work in WB/GOB/11, fig 04. Work covered in this report is concerned with what was excavated beneath the old floor level in the two trenches 6 & 8. The second part focuses on the former boiler and office floor levels and with the exception of trench 8 does not penetrate the sub floor levels. The first part of area C to be described concentrates on the area where the former snug and passage stood. The sequence shown in fig 05 is that recorded in WB/GOB/11 with inset DSC01986 alongside to establish the continuation between both reports. Use of the same context numbers was intentional. Prior to this watching brief, the area had been levelled to the [205]/[206] interface, Plate 17. The outer walls of the former snug were removed for work to continue, Plate 18. Within the levelled area, trenches 6 and 8 were excavated to provide new foundations for an extension building abutting the west and north walls of the property, Fig 04. Trench 6 measured 6.5m from the west wall of the existing property towards the east; its position can be seen in Plate 19. At the junction with the east wall of the existing property. The foundation for the wall is built on top of a sequence [208] [211] [304] [306], Plate 20. [208] is a 100mm deposit of red sandy clay sloping towards the south, and identifiable with [155] in WB/GOB/11. Beneath [208] is [211], similar to [208] but with a large quantity of degraded sandy pebbles. [211] is followed by [304] a 280mm deposit of sandy silt rich in charcoal flecks and again identified in WB/GOB/11; as is [306] which underlies it. Trench 8, measuring 3.2m x 0.5m, followed the line of the east wall of the former office, along the former foundation of the snug, to join with trench 6, Plate 21. The lower sequence of [208] over [211] matches that described in trench 6 above and at the same depth. Above [211] however, the sequence is disturbed by the wall and foundation [117]/[118], fig 06 Plates 22 & 23. The cut [119] for [118] extends through [208] and on the external face is a thick base of concrete [120] on top of the deposition layer [102]. The 2nd part of the area C watching brief concerns the former office and the removal of existing floor surfaces. Prior to the watching brief, the room had been divided into three areas:

The study/office measuring 3.09m x 3.73m A wine store measuring 2.2m x 1m The boiler room/boot store L2 shaped measuring 3.73 x 3.11 and 1.93 into which the wine store had

been fitted. (WB/GOB/11 fig 02)

The internal floors had for the most part had been concreted, fig 04 Plate 24, however; the western area of the boiler house flooring had been dismantled during the emergency remediation work relating to WB/GOB/11. Clearance of the rubble from the boiler house revealed an intact concrete under layer [356], with a drain [354] to the north and brick edging north and east [355], Plate 25. As the plans required that the level here had to be reduced, it meant the removal of the brick features, Plates 26 & 27. The foundation trench for the eastern wall [354] was cleared out with a trowel and the butt joint to the north wall of the original house examined.


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Plate 28 shows the view of the butt joint from above revealing a tumble of stone [363] against the bottom of the original wall [364]. [364] has a slight batter that extends beyond the depth of the trench but it is not known how deep the foundation is. The view along the trench in Plate 29 shows the batter of [364] with the tumble removed. Whilst the boiler house area was being cleared, work began on carefully removing the concrete floor from the office, Plate 30. Once the concrete had been lifted and removed, the surface was trowelled and brushed to reveal various brick, flagstone and mortared areas fig 04, Plates 31 & 32. Between the boiler house and the office, the excavation reached [353] which corresponded to [208] described above. No evidence of the wine store survived the earlier remediation work and the ground was fairly disturbed close to the north wall. Initial surface finds assemblage {2} was collected and limited work in this area did produce further finds {7,11 and 16} all 19th/20th century. [352] a run of concrete seen in Plate 24 was left in place and is not understood, although it does possibly relate to the centrally placed flagstone of feature [351], Plate 32. Feature [351] consists of 5 flagstones that form an edge of sorts between the office and the boiler hose. The position can be best seen in the vertical sequence of Plates 33-35. The flagstones remain in place as they were beneath the required floor level. The sequence: Plates 33-35 also shows that [351] has been cut by two brick covered drainage channels. The channels differ in construction the southern one consisting of a single brick on edge, as a cover, flanked by a single line of bricks set at 90. This drain run leads from [362] to which it is connected by a run set at 90, Plate 36. The northern drain has been covered by bricks set on edge in a 1 full/1 half, offset sequence. This drain leads to the outer east wall from drain [354] although the salt glazed pipe discovered in the vicinity does not align with it, fig 04, Plate 27. The rest of the floor is paved with flat bricks in a running bond formation except two rows west of the drain channel leading to [362] which are laid flat in a double row. One more section of the floor remains to be described. A rectangle of grey mortar, [360] situated between the drainage channels and [351]. As with [352]; which is of a different material, a reason for this feature cannot be explained

9 POST EX, FINDS. This section takes the opportunity to present some of the post processing work done on the assemblage {19}. The majority of the assemblage comes from the very compacted context [134] and can be seen in Plate 37 The larger items which have been refitted were actually arranged one inside/atop the other in a stack. The refitted items are Plates 39-40 a bucket shaped earthen ware pot copper glazed on the inside. The pot stands 250mm high with a base diameter of 270mm and a rim of 340mm. The rim has two distinct handle grips. 36 pieces refitted 28 pieces unfitted. I large cream fabric bowl with cream and brown slipware decoration and a rouletted rim, measuring 428mm in diameter. 33 pieces with one left over, Plates 41 & 42. 1 terracotta fabric bowl brown with cream slip decoration with rouletted rim, measuring 405mm diameter. 18 pieces with 9 left over, Plate 43.


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1 terracotta fabric bowl brown with cream slip decoration with plain rim, measuring 405mm diameter. 18 pieces with 14 left over, Plate 44. All finds were donated to Abergavenny Museum

10 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION Reliability of field investigation The reliability of the field investigation was good and the contractors showed great diligence and patience to accommodate the recording work. Nothing of any great archaeological significance was discovered during this watching brief but evidence was recorded of changes to the property on this part of the site, mostly in connection with the many defunct services uncovered. Overall interpretation The main building originally White House Farm, originated judging from its style, towards the end of the 16th century. Since its beginnings, it has been added to and developed through changing fashions and use to become the present edifice that as seen with this work is still changing. This watching brief has recorded a small part of the change to a small part of the building. The extensive spread of context [102], dated to the 20th century at least, from its inclusive finds; is associated with the waste services to east of the house. Service pipes and manhole trenches have been back filled with this material. To the extreme north of area A; not reached by [102], is an earlier deposition layer [133] dating to the 19th century. Possibly an episode of ground levelling, possibly debris from building development, but certainly producing a large amount of infill from a domestic source. [133] however is eclipsed by the small compact deposition layer [134] which produced a vast amount of 17th/18th century ceramics. It was difficult to collect all the pieces; the first contact was spread by the digger bucket. That said the assemblage which was actually stacked one inside the other shows that this was not a casual loss but a deliberate act of disposal. Why it is not possible to answer but it is probable that the dishes were complete when they were put down or buried. The floor layer in [261] is quite complex with unusual drainage for an internal room although the drain plates may be non contemporary with the construction. Drain 354 is placed within the room and continues towards the outside which seems reasonable. Drain 362 however is situated on the inside of what is now an outside wall and the drain feeding it leads from inside the same room, Plate 36; possibly not the complete arrangement. It is worth noting the considerable step up in order to exit the building at this point. Furthermore, the covers for both drain runs are different with that of the southern one being more decoratively finished than the northern one which seems more utilitarian. It is possible that the brick area may have been an external yard. This would allow for the line of flat flagstones [351] to be explained as the edge to the yard providing an outlet for the drain leading from 362, Plate 32. It was not possible to check the slope for flow direction as the bricks were to be left insitu. There was however, no continuation of the drain from [362] as it crossed the expose area [353] unlike that of [354] with its less elaborate cover and insitu pipe, Plate 27. The last two anomalies [352] and [360] may be former wall bases centrally place in the area as a possible division and abutted with the two drainage ditches. The sort of thing found in shelters/pens for farm animals maybe?


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11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to the clients: Mr and Mrs Myrddin-Evans for their assistance with access to the house. Special thanks to Robin and the guys from Anthony Davis building contractors for their patience and assistance and attention to detail of the work. Thanks also for Steve Clark at Monmouth for assessing the pot and to Adam Phillips for the post ex and cataloguing.

12 Bibliography A.P.A.C. Ltd Archaeological Report for a Watching Brief at Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion. WB/GOB/11. Dr N Phillips 30/09/12. Gunter. G.W. 1991 Manor of Llanfihangle Y gobion. (Unpublished). Hernon Associates. Plan. Existing ground floor. 2374-01 June 2011. Historical Appraisal and Justification statement, June 2011. Hernon. L. Gobion Manor Design and Access Statement. 2011. Hernon. L. Historic Building Condition Database 05/07/2011 Manor House (or Gobion Manor)/6762 Institute of Archaeologists, Standard and Guidance for an archaeological watching brief. 2001. Code of Conduct and the Code of Approved Practice for the regulation of

Contractual Arrangements in Field Archaeology. 2002. Standard and Guidance for the collection, documentation, conservation and research of archaeological materials. 2001.

Management of Archaeological Projects (English Heritage 1991). Monmouthshire County Council Planning : DC/2011/00638. Approval of Planning Permission 03/10/2011 Delegated Report DC/2011/00639 Approval of Listed Building Consent 30/09/2011. WOC 60/96 Planning and the Historic Environment: Archaeology. Welsh Office Circular 60/96. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

A.P.A.C. Ltd, Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire. NP7 7RG

. 07734962919. Email: [email protected]. Company Registration No 5041541. VAT Reg No 826 3628 19. www.apac.ltd.uk

Director: Dr N. Phillips. D.Phil. BA (Hons). Cert Ed/FE. AIFA. AAI&S


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ARCHIVE COVER SHEET Site Name: Gobion Manor Site Code: WB2/GOB/10 PRN: 01902g NPRN : - Listed: Grade II 2001/ 09/01/1956 Other Ref No: A.P.A.C. Ltd Report No. 195 NGR: S0 2128 0315 Site Type: Post Medieval Project Type: Watching Brief Project Officer: Neil Phillips Project Dates: 2011-2013 Categories Present: N/A Location of Original Archive: A.P.A.C. Ltd Location of duplicate Archives: GGAT, Abergavenny Museum, Gwent RO Number of Finds Boxes: 5 Location of Finds: Abergavenny Museum Museum Reference: TBA Copyright: A.P.A.C. Ltd Restrictions to access: None

A.P.A.C. Ltd, Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire. NP7 7RG . 07734962919. Email: [email protected].

Company Registration No 5041541. VAT Reg No 826 3628 19. www.apac.ltd.uk Director: Dr N. Phillips. D.Phil. BA (Hons). Cert Ed/FE. AIFA. AAI&S

Fig 01: LocationA.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11

Gobion Manor, llanfihangle Gobion

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11


N

0 10 20 40m

Fig 02: Area coverd by watching brief

adapted from: Hernon Associates 2374-09

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Fig 03: Site detail A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11

0 5 10

m

MH

MH

MH

Play room

Kitchen

Kitchen

Rear hall

Lawn

Patio

Drawing roomStore

Brick

Concrete

Drainage

Edge of excavation

Flagstone

Foundation trench

House walls

Old wall

Soil pipes

Water pipes

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Gobion Manor, Llafihangle Gobion

FormerFormer

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MAIN HOUSE

KITCHEN

Former Snug

Former Passage

Former Utillty

MAIN HOUSE

Inset of officeArea C

351

351352

353

354355

356

357362

360

361

361

Fig 04: Site detail with inset of area C, contexts

208 Red sandy clay [155]209 Dark brown sandy clay with charcoal210 Red clay

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/GOB1/11

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/GOB1/11

Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion.

Figure 05. Section under former snug with section drawing from WB/GOB/11 of same feature

Figure 08. Section under east wall of passage Adapted from WB/GOB/11

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200 Wall to east201 Foundation for 200203 Floor scree204 Concrete base205 Bedding. Compacted sand/plaster206 Rubble fill, hardcore

207 Dark grey/red sandy silt with rubble (levelling) [164]

0 1

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Gobion Manor, Llafihangle Gobion

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Black sandy soil with flat sandstone

East wall of former snug

External concrete base

Red sandy clay

Red sandy clay with degraded sandy pebbles


Fig 06: Sections, trench 8

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01816

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01689DSC

01813

Plate 03: Location of dry stone wall to housePlate 02: Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall (ash)

Plate 01: Exposed one salt glazed pipe and two metal water pipes, trench 1



Plate 06: Excavation of South Manhole Plate 07: Excavation of slab east of new construction, old manhole

Plate 04: View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface 400mm

Plate 05: View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed pipe exposed.

DSC

01818

DSC

01815

DSC

02046

DSC

02041



Plate 10: Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview Plate 11: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview

Plate 08: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view

Plate 09: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview

DSC

02054

DSC

02052

DSC

02049

DSC

02063



DSC

01702

DSC

02047DSC

02048

Plate 14: Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backll deposit for cut, top section before right angle pipe

Plate 13: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground detail ceramic & glass

Plate 12: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground



DSC

01699

DSC

01702

Plate 16: View along section of drainage trench approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead o, trench 4

Plate 15: View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3 A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11


Plate 19: Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location Plate 20: Section under east external wall of kitchen, detail view, TR6

Plate 17: Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Orange wall is external wall of snug

Plate 18: Demolition of snug

DSC

01987

DSC

02017

DSC

02010

DSC

02007



Plate 23: Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of oce, (ash) E TR8

Plate 24: Boiler room oor. Drain direction shown by angled wall (bottom left) along concrete cover (centre)

Plate 21: Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8 Plate 22: Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of oce, (ash) S TR8

DSC02001

DSC01997

DSC01779

DSC02002



Plate 27: Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room oor Plate 28: South wall of boiler room. possible heating duct or ue

Plate 25: Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain Plate 26: Overview of both drainage and ue channels

DSC

01969

DSC

01771

DSC

01950

DSC

01968



Plate 31: Overview of oce oor showing ag edging and brick and concrete stone ooring

Plate 32: Detail of Flag edging south edge of oce

Plate 29: Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951 Plate 30: Overview of oce oor showing ag edging and brick and concrete stone ooring

DSC

01803

DSC

01952

DSC

01805

DSC

01804



Plate 35: Detail of drainage run under oce oor Plate 36: Brick covered drain across oce to the door

Plate 33: Detail of Flag edging centre of oce Plate 34: Detail of Flag edging north edge of oce

DSC01807

DSC01806

DSC01810

DSC01808



Plate 39: Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket

Plate 40: Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket

Plate 37: Bulk of nds associated with context 134 Plate 38: Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket top view

DSC

03286

DSC

019

DSC

03279

DSC

03283



Plate 43: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip, top view

Plate 44: 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, top view

Plate 41: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic Plate 42: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail

DSC

03289

DSC

03288

DSC

03297

DSC

03292



A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix I Context Sheet Index Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref:

334814 209469 Site No: WB2/GOB/11

Alternate No:

CONTEXT AREA FEATURE DESCRIPTION FINDS PHOTOGRAPHS 100 A Patio Topsoil/ Black sandy loam (lawn) 1698, 1813, 1815, 1816, 101 A Deposit Subsoil. Silty sand 6 1698, 1813, 1815, 1816,

102 A Infill Black/red. Layer of stone 1, 3, 4, 8,

9, 10, 12 1698, 1813, 1815, 1816, 1995, 1996, 1998-2003, 2011, 2012, 2045, 2046

103 A Wall Mostly mortar wall trench 1698, 1813, 1815, 1816 104 A Cut Cut for wall [103] (west side of trench only) 1698, 105 A & B Deposit Red sandy bottom 1698, 1813, 1815, 1816,

1702-1704, 106 A Cut Cut for [107] 1698, 1816, 107 A Pipe Salt glazed 1698, 1816, 108 A Cut Cut for [109] 109 A Pipes Metal 1698, 1816, 110 B Deposit Dark brown, silt/clay 1702-1704, 111 B cut Unknown 1702-1704, 112 B Infill Stone loose large and rounded 5 1702-1704, 113 B Yellow sand at 700mm 1702-1704, 114 B Cut For [115] 115 A Pipe Salt glazed 1818 116 A Fill For [115] 117 C foundation Black sandy soil with flat grey sandstone 1988-2003 118 C wall East wall of former snug at office 1988-2003 119 C Cut for [118] 1988-2003 120 C Concrete 1988-2003 121 C Pipe Salt glazed 2004 122 C Fill For [121] 2004 123 C Cut For [121] 2004 124 C Pipe Salt glazed 2004 125 C Fill For [124] 2004 126 C Cut For [124] 2004 130 A Tar mac 1247-1250 131 A Chippings Green base 1247-1250 132 A Infill Red sand with small stone 1247-1250 133 A Infill Black soft sandy clay with rubble 20 1247-1250 134 A Deposit Ceramics dump 19 1247-1250 200 C Wall East wall of former snug 1988-1991 201 C Infill Foundation for [200] 202 C cut For [201] 203 C Infill Floor screed 204 C Infill Concrete base 205 C Infill Bedding. Compacted sand/plaster 1985, 1986 206 C Infill Rubble fill, hardcore 1985, 1986, 1988-1992 207 C Infill Dark grey/red sandy silt with rubble (levelling)

[164] 1985, 1986, 1988-1992

208 C Deposit Red sandy clay [155] 1988-2012, 209 C Deposit Dark brown sandy clay with charcoal 1985, 1986 210 C Deposit Red clay 1988-1992, 211 C Deposit Red sandy clay with degraded sandy pebbles 1995-2003, 2005-2012 304 C Deposit Charcoal rich sandy silt will ball but not wire 2005, 2010 306 C Deposit Red clay will spindle and stick 40mm 2005, 2010 350 C Floor Upper layer of concrete 1779, 1803, 351 C Floor Stone flags along brick edge 1779, 1809 352 C Floor Trapezoid layer of concrete under brick 1779, 353 C Deposit Red sand layer [307] 2, 7, 11,

16 1779, 1781, 1950-1952,1969

354 C Drain Inset drain with cover, open to surface 1779 355 C Wall Brick walls to boiler room 1779, 1950-1951 356 C Floor Concrete of boiler room floor 1779, 1969 357 C Pipe Salt glaze between [354] & [362] 1968 358 C Cut None recognized 1968 359 C Fill None recognized 1968 360 C Wall/floor? Central rectangle of mortar 1804-1812 361 C Floor Brick floor 1799, 1804 362 C Drain Drain 1804 363 C tumble Tumble of stone 1950 364 C wall Base of original house wall with slight batter 1950-1951

Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref: 334814 09469 Appendix II WB2/GOB/11 Digital Photographic Record A.P.A.C. Ltd.

Photo No Date Camera Size Area View Description Context Plate DSC01690 10/10/2011 DSC-F828 1280x960 Lawn E Lawn area prior to drainage ditching DSC01691 10/10/2011 DSC-F828 1280x960 Lawn W Lawn area prior to drainage ditching DSC01697 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn W Lawn area at start of drainage ditching, trench 1 DSC01698 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn V Exposed one salt glazed pipe and two metal water pipes, trench 1 [100-109] P01

DSC01699 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn NW View along section of drainage trench approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead off, trench 4

P16

DSC01700 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn W View along trench 2 approx depth 850mm. DSC01701 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn E View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3 P15

DSC01702 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn E Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, top section before right angle pipe

[105], [110-113] P14

DSC01703 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn E Drainage trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, bottom detail [105], [110-113] DSC01704 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn E Drainage trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut [105], [110-113] DSC01705 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Front of house showing restored porch carrying Gunter coat of arms DSC01706 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S View of boiler room floor and base of walls of inner division DSC01771 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain P25 DSC01772 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal SW View of boiler room with later inner division of brick walls

DSC01779 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E Boiler room floor. Drain direction shown by angled wall (bottom left) along concrete cover (centre)

[350-356] [361] P24

DSC01781 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Removal of concrete skim of office floor reveals brick floor with flag edging [351-356], [361] DSC01803 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring [350-351], [353], P30 DSC01804 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring [351], [360-362] P31 DSC01805 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging south edge of office [351-353], [360] P32 DSC01806 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging centre of office [351], [360] P33 DSC01807 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging north edge of office [351], [360] P34 DSC01808 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E Detail of drainage run under office floor [351], [360] P35 DSC01809 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office to the door [351], [360] DSC01810 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office to the door [360], [362] P36 DSC01811 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office adjacent to concrete patch [360], [362] DSC01812 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W View through external door into office showing drainage cover inside of the present door [360], [362] DSC01813 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall (flash) [100-103] P02 DSC01814 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall [100-103] DSC01815 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface 400mm [100-103] P04 DSC01816 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External W Location of dry stone wall to house [100-103] [106-109] P03 DSC01817 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External N Overview of drainage trench running north west DSC01818 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed pipe exposed. [115] P05 DSC01821 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal Stone roof tile removed from drainage ditch DSC01947 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S View of Utility room and snug prior to demolition DSC01950 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V South wall of boiler room. possible heating duct or flue [353], [363] P28

DSC01951 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S View along flue. Burning evident at south wall/ boiler room which is also north wall of original house

[353], [355], [364]

DSC01952 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951 [353], [355], [364] P29 DSC01968 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room floor [357-359] P27 DSC01969 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W Overview of both drainage and flue channels [353], [356] P26 DSC01985 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Section detail of former passage floor east after building removed (with flash) [205-207], [209] DSC01986 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Section detail of former passage floor east after building removed (no flash) [205-207], [209] DSC01987 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External SW Demolition of snug P18

DSC01988 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. North/west, internal corner of former snug (no flash) TR8

[200], [206-208], [210]


DSC01989 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. North/west, internal corner of former snug (flash) TR8

[200], [206-208], [210]

DSC01990 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. North/west, internal corner of former snug (flash)marked TR8

[200], [206-208], [210]


[200], [206-208], [210]


[206-208], [210]

DSC01995 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC01996 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (flash) TR8 [102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC01997 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8 P21

DSC01998 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (flash) TR8 [102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC01999 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC02000 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC02001 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) S TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

P22

DSC02002 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) E TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

P23

DSC02003 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) E TR8

[102], [118-120], [208], [211]

DSC02004 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room TR8 [208], [121-126]

DSC02005 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room at east external wall of kitchen (no flash) TR6

[208], [211], [304], [306]

DSC02006 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External W Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room at east external wall of kitchen (flash) TR6

[208], [211,] [304], [306]

DSC02007 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location [208], [211], [304], [306] P19 DSC02008 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, long view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306] DSC02009 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, close view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306] DSC02010 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, detail view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306] P20

DSC02011 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench 8 for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) [102], [120], [119], [208], [211]

DSC02012 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench 8 for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) [102], [118], [120], [208], [211]

DSC02013 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Clearing and recording foundation trench 8 N/E external corner of office DSC02014 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Overview of new construction foundation trench 8, from 1st floor window towards east

DSC02015 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8, from 1st floor window towards north

DSC02016 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V New drainage pipe across NE corner of new construction trenches 6& 8

DSC02017 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External SW Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Orange wall is external wall of snug.

P17

DSC02041 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NW Excavation of South Manhole P06 DSC02042 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Internal snug wall to boiler room. Barred window DSC02043 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Detail of barred window from snug into boiler room DSC02044 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W New floor to new construction in place. Original kitchen door to utility room retained DSC02045 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab east of new construction around central manhole [102]


DSC02046 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab east of new construction, old manhole [102] P07 DSC02047 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground [130-133] P12 DSC02048 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground detail ceramic & glass [131-134] P13 DSC02049 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview [130-134] P11 DSC02050 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view [130-133] DSC02052 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view P08 DSC02053 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Excavation of slab N of new construction, Modern wall demolition DSC02054 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview P09

DSC02055 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S 1st floor. Blocked up widow above snug carrying rafter from main house. Lath & plaster above

DSC02057 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Original wall plate of main house? DSC02058 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal NE 1st floor beams above snug and wall plates. To be retained on rebuilt wall DSC02063 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview P10 DSC03234 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Sorted finds from ground reduction east of north wing DSC03235 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Refitting 6 potential complete items DSC03236 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Final setting of 17th/18th century slipware DSC03278 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket DSC03279 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket P40 DSC03280 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket top view DSC03281 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket top view DSC03282 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket DSC03283 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket P39 DSC03284 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket DSC03285 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket DSC03286 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket top view P38 DSC03287 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic DSC03288 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic P41 DSC03289 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail P42 DSC03290 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view DSC03291 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip DSC03292 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip, top view P43 DSC03295 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip DSC03296 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, detail, top view DSC03297 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, top view P44 19 21/03/13 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Bulk of finds associated with context 134 P37

A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix III Finds Index Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref:

Site No: WB2/GOB/11

Alternate No:

Find No AREA Context DESCRIPTION Period Date 1 A TR1 102 Green earthenware handle Late 15th early

16thth 10/10/11

2 C 353 1 piece yellow china 1 clay pipe1 black pot handle 1 piece glazed earthen ware (thin) 1 piece glazed earthen ware (thick)

19th 20th

10/10/11

3 A TR1 102 3 dark green shards glass 1 dark green glass bottle end 1 shard clear glass 1 piece slate 1 thick clay pipe 1 piece blue & white china 1 small white piece china 1 white stoneware pot bottom 4 pieces stoneware with a metallic glaze?

19th 20th

10/10/11

4 A/B 102 1 piece white and clear plastic 1 piece coarse earthenware 1 piece glazed black stoneware 1 lump glazed black earthenware 1 piece white & blue pearl ware 17 pieces white & blue china 1 piece white & dark blue china 2 piece white & pale blue china 2 small pieces yellow stone ware 1 large piece yellow stone ware bowl rim 1 bone 1 piece white china with brown/red spots 1 piece green &white glazed pot 1 piece clear blue glass 1 piece white & dark blue emboldened design 1 piece white cup with blue and black stripes 1 piece white china with slight blue design and partial handle 1 piece black green glass 1 small piece white china with green pattern 9 pieces white pot 5 pieces white china pot bottom (all 1 pot) 1 dark brown piece glazed earthenware 1 piece glazed earthenware

20th 19th 20th

10/10/11

5 A/B 112 1 white partial cup with handle 1 piece earthenware

19th 20th

11/10/11

6 A/B 101 1 shard white glass 1 piece blue and white (Mocha Ware) 1 piece Cabled slipware 1 green earthen ware pot handle

19th 20th 17th-18th

11/10/11

7 C 353 4 pieces blue & white china 1 half a clear and green marble 4 pieces glazed earthenware 1 small piece light blue & white china 1 piece white china with orange and blue emboldened stripes 1 piece white stoneware with blue stripes 3 pieces white china 1 piece clay pipe 1 yellow stoneware handle

19th 20th 14/10/11

8 A 102 1 iron nail 1 piece glazed earthenware a stone 3 pieces faded light blue pot 1 piece green/grey pot 1 piece blue & white china

19th 20th

17/10/11

9 A 102 1 shard earthenware pot 1 iron hinge

19th 20th

17/10/11

10 A 102 1 glass marble (Codds stopper) 1 metal skewer 1 Flagon top stoneware 2 creamware 1 blue & white 1 bone china

18th 19th

17/10/11

11 C 353 1 clear wine glass bottom 1 thin piece green glass 1 piece light blue glass 1 bone 1 piece white & blue pot with yellow glazed

19th 20th

7/11/11

underside 1 small piece yellow pot 1 light blue glass bottle bottom 1 piece glazed brown earthenware 9 pieces white china plate 1 dark green bottle base 19 shards green glass 1 dark green glass bottle neck 1 small dark green glass bottom 2 pieces blue & white pearlware 1 piece Staffordshire stoneware

18th 19th 17th 18th

12 A 102 1 iron spike 1 piece of iron 1 bone 1 piece white plate 1 white pot handle

19th 20th

7/11/11

14 C Outside excavation remit Under kitchen

2 pieces white stoneware pot with white checks on brown background and orange and yellow lines 1 bone 1 piece coal

19th 20th

8/11/11

16 C 353 1 piece glazed earthenware rim 1 partial blue stoneware handle 1 piece blue &white china 2 rims blue & white china

19th 08/11/11

18 A Tr 5 1 piece Staffordshire slipware 17th 18th

08/11/11

19 A 134 1 piece very smooth modern earthenware 6 pieces light blue and white china, tin glazed 1 white cup rim with light blue lines 2 pieces dark blue and white tin glazed china with embossed leaf design on the rim 1 piece white china with black design on edge 8 piece of green glass with one bottle neck included 1 brown glass bottle neck 1 shard clear/blue glass 1 thick green glass bottle bottom 1 stoneware pot bottom 2 pieces glazed stoneware with seal. Brown tops with boldened design? 1 salt glazed stoneware pot handle. Colour half stone half brown 9 pieces of salt glazed stoneware pot stone in colour, with light brown neck with two base pieces 1 top edge piece dark brown stone ware pot with lip 4 pieces of stoneware with a slight glaze with light brown towards top? (check salt glaze and other glaze) 1 badly fired three men on a bridge willow pattern pot base 1 piece willow pattern cup bottom, tin glazed 2 pieces blue & white willow with Staffordshire crown mark, tin glazed 1 piece blue and white china, willow. tin glazed china with semi china stamp 2 pieces blue & white china with a lead glaze 54 pieces white china, tin glazed 4 pieces blue & white china cup bases 22 pieces blue & white china tin glazed 2 oyster shells 24 pieces cream ware 18 pieces cream ware plate and pot edges 3 pieces glazed black (inside) earthenware bowl rim 3 pieces of a cream ware saucer with lip 2 pieces of cream ware 1 pieces cream ware with ribbed lines 32 pieces white china plate/pot bottoms 20 pieces white china plate lip edges 1 white china mug handle 1 piece cream/white china with emboldened design 1 piece white china plate lip with gold trim, tin glazed 4 piece white china, tin glazed with green leaves a red flower and a red and black line 2 pieces of a cup with brown lines and a thick dark brown stripe with white wavy lines 11 pieces of a cup with an orangey brown colour, black and white stripes and a circle

19th 20th

7/12/11

picture 1 piece china with light blue thick lines (1) and thin lines (5) 2 pieces china with green ribbed lined. And light and dark brown lines 5 pieces white china with brown lines 1 piece white china with black and blue stripes, with a picture, red background and black trees 2 pieces white china with ribbed blue and black lines 1 cup lip white china with 2 blue stripes on the outside, 1 inside 1 piece china with white feather on light blue picture colour and small picture 1 piece cream ware, glazed white with a light blue design 6 shards earthenware 1 rim piece 9 pieces salt glazed earthenware, 2 rim pieces, 1 bottom 7 pieces light brown glazed earthenware, with 3 rim pieces 1 large bowl rim with glazed light brown inside earthenware. (2 pieces put together) 11 pieces dark brown glazed earthenware 5 pieces dark brown glazed earthen ware rims of bowl 3 pieces of dark brown glazed earthenware rim put together,(total number of pieces 6) 1 piece glazed black earthenware 1 piece glazed brown earthenware 18 pieces pearl ware. Lead glazed 5 pieces pearl ware, lead glazed. Bowl rims. put together to form 2 pieces 3 pieces dark brown lustre ware 79 pieces white and blue, three men on a bridge willow pattern chinosere, tin glazed 1 dark brown lustre ware jar top and spout 1 piece light brown lustre ware 1 cream ware plate edge with emboldened edges pattern 6 cream ware plate/jar bottoms 2 pieces (makes one piece) cream ware. With light brown picture 1 piece cream ware bowl base with 4 purpose made holes 2 pieces (makes one piece) cream ware with R.Robinsons warranted fire proof stamp on it 2 pieces slip ware. 1 is a pot base 1 large slipware bowl measuring 42.8 cm in diameter, 33 pieces in all, put together with a piece not in place 2 ribbed edge pieces of slipware. One with thick brown line 2 pieces slipware 1 ribbed edge bowl measuring 40.5cm in diameter. half complete in 18 pieces with 9 spare pieces 1 earthen ware slipware bowl. 2 pieces complete, comprised of 18 pieces, with 14 loose. Estimated diameter as 40.5 1 large earthenware basin. Measuring 47cm in diameter, 48.3cm from handle to handle at a height of approximately 25cm. almost complete in 3 large pieces, (1 almost complete rim, one almost complete base and side and one side.) made up of 36 pieces. 28 spare pieces copper glazed inside? 2 pieces pot with brown and white stripes on mustard 1 lead based white/light blue plate lip

1780-1840 1780-1840 1761 - 1846 1761 -1846 1761 - 1846 1761 1846 1761 1846 1761 1846 1761 1846 1670 1795 1670 1795 1670 1795 1670 1795 1670 1795 1670 1795 1761 1846 1761 1846 1761 1846

20 A 133 5 dark green/black bottle bottoms 1 dark green/black bottle neck 7 shards dark green/black glass 3 thin shards green glass 2 shards blue glass 3 shards white glass 1 clear glass star shaped bottle top 1 clear glass star bottom of bottle 1 piece clear glass jar top 1 piece clear glass 1 thick clay pipe 2 bones 2 pieces earthen ware plate painted yellow with brown

19th

7/12/11

4 pieces glazed brown earthen ware 19 pieces blue and white china, 4 pieces identifiable as 3 men on a bridge willow pattern 4 pieces light blue and white china 1 piece white china with gold decoration 4 pieces yellow stoneware bowl edge 4 pieces yellow stoneware 1 piece black stoneware? 4 pieces white stoneware 4 pieces white china 1 spark plug 2 pieces white china with brown/orange lines, black lines and pictures 3 pieces bottom white plate 1 piece lustre ware? 1 small piece white pot with black lines 1 white edge piece with black pattern

COVERN TECHJContentsList of FiguresList of Plates1 INTRODUCTION2 LOCATION 3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES5 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY6 RECORDING METHODOLOGY7 POST-EX PROCESSING.8 WATCHING BRIEF9 POST EX, FINDS.10 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS12 Bibliography

01Site Location MAP [Converted] copy02 site are03 A3 Site detail04 A3 Detail with area C contexts05 section under former snug06 Sections trench 801-0304-0708-1112-1415-1617-2021-2425-2829-3233-3637-4041-441Context INdex 1 Digitalgobian house Finds

Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion

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