NOTES 20 – The Carbon Cycle, The Greenhouse Effect, and Global Warming
Global Warming and Carbon Markets for eBay Foundation
74
Global Warming & Carbon Markets Presentation for eBay Foundation Rod Beckstrom Chairman, TWIKI.NET www.beckstrom.com
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Presentation materials for eBay Foundation Global Citizenship Program, Mike Fox, and eBay employees.
Transcript of Global Warming and Carbon Markets for eBay Foundation
Global Warming & Carbon Markets
Presentation for eBay Foundation
Rod BeckstromChairman, TWIKI.NET
www.beckstrom.com
www.beckstrom.com
1983
Utter Garbage
Thousands of Tons of Garbage!
15% 85%
GOINGBANKRUPT!
Palo AltoMunicipal Dump
StudentRecycling
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Utter Garbage
Thousands of Tons of Garbage!
15%
$ 8
85%
GOINGBANKRUPT!
Palo AltoMunicipal Dump
StudentRecycling
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Goals of Session
Science Dimensions Policies & Markets How to Create & Trade Carbon Credits What You Can Do
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Science
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Question
Which planet taught us about global warming?
1)Ceres
2)Mercury
3)Mars
4)Venus
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96.5% CO2
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0.038% CO20.0005 % ^ www.beckstrom.com
CO2 Rising
CO2 levels
1830 0.028 %2007 0.038%
0.0005 % ^ annual
2100 0.085%
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CO2 Cycle
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Scientific Bodies Concerned
NASA IPCC NOAH Royal Society Academie de Science Science Council of Japan EPA
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Greenhouse Gases
CH4
CO2
PFCsHFCs
SF6
310x
11,000 x 12,000 x
19 x
CO2 Equivalent is Gold Standard
22,000 x
N20
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Long Term Trend
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Temperature Rising
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Other Global Problems
Ozone hole Acid Rain
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Ozone Hole
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Ozone HoleMontreal Protocol
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Acid Rain
Acid Rain
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Acid Rain - Cap and Trade
FurtherReductions
Cap
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SO2 Emissions in Europe
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Acid Rain Acid Rain Declines Because of Successful SO2 Reductions Market
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Mission Po$$ible
!
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Dimensions
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Size of Global Footprint
What is a carbon footprint? 36+ BN tons of CO2 equivalents emitted Earth can only absorb ˜8 BN tons 6 BN people 5 - 6 tons per person, on average
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Per Capital Footprints
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Where is it Coming From?
Prepared by Robert A Rohde Data source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center www.beckstrom.com
Cumulative Footprints
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Question
Do you think the USA should take responsibility and accept a binding carbon cap?1) yes2) no3) maybe
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Let’s Get Personal
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Size Your Carbon Footprint
CALCULATE YOUR PERSONAL CARBON FOOTPRINT
Home sq. feet (00) ____ x .6 = _______
You drive miles (000) ____ x .4 = _______
You fly miles (000) ____ x .3 = _______
Your Total Tons ________
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Question
How large is your personal carbon footprint?
1) 152) 253) 504) 100+ tons
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Question
What is the eBay carbon footprint?
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How Much CO2 in a Gallon?
Pounds weight of a gallon 6.3
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How Much CO2 in a Gallon?
Pounds weight of a gallon 6.3
% carbon molecules 87%
Pounds of carbon ________
Multiply by CO2 weight 44/12 3.7
Pounds per gallon ________
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Some Basic Measures
One gallon generates 20 lbs If car gets 20 mpg- 1 lb. of CO2 per mile 110 gallons = 1 metric ton of CO2 500 tons per $1M production is global average 890 bls of CO2 per barrel of oil 1.7 lbs of CO2 from Kwh electricity
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The Solution
Policies & Markets
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The eBay Solution
“efficient markets”
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Kyoto Market
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Kyoto Market - Capped Buyers
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Kyoto Market - Capped Buyers
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Centralized Policy Creates Market Incentives for
Decentralized Solutions
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Economic Cost
In 50 years… Inaction could cost 20% of GDP 50% chance of 5 degree Celsius rise Cost of balancing would cost only 1%
Sir Nicholas Stern UK Economist October 2006, Stern Report
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Kyoto Post 2012?
Bali?
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Creating Offsets
Govs allocate allowances (NAP) Co A reduces below it’s target Sells extra offsets to Co. B
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Profiting from Credits Trading Investing Creating Offsets (Certificates)
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Two Types of Trading
Exchange traded (allowances)
ExchangeBuyer Seller
$ $
Allowance Allowance
Buyer Seller
$
Carbon Offset
Over the Counter (OTC)
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Carbon Market
CDMCERsVERs
EUAs
CA
CCXRGGI
.14 BN
Clean Development MechanismGCC, etc.
$24 BN
$5.2 BN
Trading Volumes from World Bank 2007 April report.
JIERUs
.03 BNCalifornia
For KyotoCappedCountriesOnly
Voluntary
EEXEUAsFutures
?
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Carbon Credits Value?
EUA CO2 price Nov 19, 2007 = 22.5 Euro or $33www.beckstrom.com
How to Create Carbon Credits
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OTC Project Development
Buyer Seller
$
Carbon Offset
Over the Counter (OTC) Example
Developer
$ and Offsets
UNFCCProject
Approvals
Advisor
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Approved UNFCC Methods Wind farms Landfill Methane Farm methane Sewage plants Cogeneration Solar Fertilizer plants - N2O For a full list see unfccc.int
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Leading CDM Projects
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CDM by Countries
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Sample Projects Landfill waste Agricultural methane caputre Sewage plants Energy Efficiency Solar electric Solar thermal
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Pak Arab Fertilizer Project
Ammonium Fertilizer Plan Also make nitric acid 1.0 M tons of CO2 equivalent Phase I live April 2007 400K Tons per annum Upfront Cost $10M Value? Could be valid for 21 years
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Geologic Sequestration Project
Gas sequestration Petronas Bintulu, Malaysia White Tiger Oil field, Vietnam BP, Statoil, Sonatrach, Salah,
Algeria Qatar Gas
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Wind Farm Analysis
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Wind Farm Analysis
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Other Ways to Make Money Green products Zero Carbon Projects Green Cities Green Buildings Conservation Green Portfolios Consulting businesses Add green services
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Green Products
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STARFISH?
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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IT Energy Savings Computer monitor shut offs Consider energy usage at purchase time Power management for all systems Virtualization software reduces servers New power supplies More videoconferencing, less travel More in each specific industry Calculate CO2 from Kwh bills
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Ingredients for CA Exchange Binding Cap Local allowances Could be unique or linked market Thereby develop local intellectual
capita
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Need Caps Globally ASAP
Kyoto or regional binding cap Tradable allowances in region Active NGO’s Active carbon market participants
Developers Consultants Brokers/bankers
To Solve Our Global Problemwww.beckstrom.com
What Can You Do? Offset your footprint Calculate your group’s footprint Reduce carbon footprints you are involved in Push for Binding US Climate Bills Help other countries advance Use your power to help get global caps in
place Contribute to best practices wiki
globalwarming.twiki.net
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Contribute to Best Practices Wiki
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Goals of Session
Science Dimensions Policies & Markets How to Create & Trade Carbon Credits What You Can Do
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Rod Beckstrom: www.beckstrom.comPlease contribute to: globalwarming.twiki.net
