GLOBAL SPACE-BASED INTER-CALIBRATION SYSTEM ......DCC can be identified by MERSI infrared brightness...

Asia/Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference

GLOBAL SPACE-BASED INTER CALIBRATIONINTER-CALIBRATION

SYSTEM (GSICS)

By Peng Zhang & Kenneth Holmlund

EUMETSAT CNES JMA

Peng Zhang & Kenneth HolmlundChair of GSICS Executive Panel NOAA CMA KMA

ISRO NASA WMO

USGS NIST JAXA

Acknowledge to Dr. M. Goldberg, Dr. J. Lafeuille Dr L E Flynn Dr Manik Bali

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, China

ROSHYDROMET IMD ESALafeuille, Dr. L. E. Flynn, Dr. Manik Bali


Outline

GSICS I t d ti• GSICS Introduction• 14th and 15th Exec Panel Highlights14th and 15th Exec Panel Highlights• Vision for GSICS • Outreach and Challenges



GSICS IntroductionGSICS IntroductionGlobal Space Based Inter‐calibration System (GSICS) is an international collaborative effort initiated in 2005 by WMO and the CGMS to monitor, improve and harmonize the quality of observations from operational weather and environmental satellites of the Global Observing System (GOS)

This is achieved through a comprehensivecalibration strategy which involves:

M it i i t t f Monitoring instrument performances. Operational inter-calibration of satellite instruments. Tying the measurements to absolute

f d t d d d lib tireferences and standards and recalibration of archived data. GSICS delivers calibration products corrections needed for accurately i t ti d t f lti l b i

Improve consistency between instruments. Reduce bias in Level 1 and 2 products.

integrating data from multiple observing systems into products, applications and services.

Provide traceability of measurements. Retrospectively re‐calibrate archive data Better specify future instruments.



GSICS Members

ROSHYDRO

WMOGSICS Members

USGS/NOAANASA/NIST

ROSHYDRO

CMA JMA/JAXAKMA

EUMETSATCNES KMA

A

NASA/NIST CMA JMA/JAXA

IMD/ISRO

Obs. ESA + CEOSASSO. GPX


14 Members Worldwide


GSICS Structure and partnerships

GSICS Exec Panel

CGMS WMO

GSICS Coordination GSICS Research GSICS Data Coordination

Center Working Group Working Group

VIS/NIR Sub‐Group

Microwave Sub‐Group

UV Sub‐Group

Future Sub‐Groups...

WGCV IVOS WGCV MWSG GPM X‐CAL WGCV ACSG CEOS ACC



Gap analyses at both endsGap analyses at both ends

GAPS ?

ECV Product I tGAPS ?

Space-based Inventory

ActualECV d t

GAPS ?Sensor Inventory

PotentialECV product generation

for FCDRsin support of ECV product

ti


generation


GSICS Products

N R l Ti C ti P d t

GSICS Reference Instruments

Near Real Time Correction Product

Re-Analysis Correction ProductGSICS Reference Instruments

GSICS Family of Monitored Instruments

AIRS MODIS IASI

SEVIRI MTSAT GOES AVHRRSEVIRI MTSAT GOES AVHRR

GSICS also identifies best practices and principals

GSICS Product application Bias correctionSRF retrieval B tt SST R t i l Cl d

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, ChinaProducts span VIS and IR bands Product Catalog

Better SST Retrieval ,Cloud Height, Aerosol retrieval

Critical need to evaluate and assign maturity to the product


Executive Panel HighlightsExecutive Panel Highlights• 14th Executive Panel Tokyo 15-16 July 201314 Executive Panel , Tokyo, 15 16 July 2013

– CMA, EUMETSAT, JAXA, JMA, NASA, NOAA, Roshydromet, WMO and GCOS (Observer)

– Developed a Vision for GSICS

• 15th Executive Panel, Guangzhou, 16-17 May 2014– CMA, CNES, EUMETSAT, ISRO*, JAXA, JMA, KMA, NASA, NOAA,

Roshydromet, USGS*, WMO, CNSA (Observer), CEOS/WGCV (Observer*)Designated new Chair and Vice Chair with ToR– Designated new Chair and Vice-Chair, with ToR

– Discussed scope of GSICS Products and role of GSICS in the Architecture for Climate Monitoring


g(*): remote participation


GSICS leadershipGSICS leadership• Executive Panel:

– Mitch Goldberg (NOAA) chaired the EP for 8 years– Peng Zhang (CMA) elected Chair by EP-15

with Ken Holmlund (EUMETSAT) as Vice-Chairwith Ken Holmlund (EUMETSAT) as Vice Chair • GRWG

– Tim Hewison (EUMETSAT) current Chair until 2015– Fred Wu (NOAA) and Kim Dohyeong (KMA) Vice-Chairs– Masaya Takahashi (JMA) new Vice-Chair

• GDWG• GDWG – Manik Bali (NOAA) interim Chair– More engagement of operational agencies is needed in GDWG

• GSICS Coordination Centre (GCC)– NOAA (Larry Flynn, Manik Bali)

Th GDWG GCC i t ti d t b f th l ifi d


– The GDWG-GCC interaction needs to be further clarified


GSICS Coordination Center Roles GSICS Procedure for Product Acceptance

Product is fully accepted by GSICS Executive Panel (EP) and maintained within GSICS and

Product version Control Data released with disclaimerC Operations and distribution plan Data user’s guide T=180 days

PreoperationalPhase

distributed to the public.Product Logs, Data Usage

OperationalPhase

p p g y

Founding concepts Supporting models Data Archived and Free Access

ATBD Peer‐Publications Product quality indicator description

Traceability document T=365 days

Phase

Demonstration Phase

Traceability document T=365 days

Fill out GSICS Product Acceptance Form ( GPAF ) Submission Phase

Introduction to GSICS/GCChttp://gsics.wmo.int

Introduction to GSICS/GCCwww.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/GCC/gsics nesdis noaa gov/wiki/GPRC/LeoLeo


gsics.nesdis.noaa.gov/wiki/GPRC/LeoLeogsics.nesdis.noaa.gov/wiki/Development/20140324


GSICS P i i l

• Systematic generation of inter‐calibration products

GSICS Principals

• for Level 1 data from satellite sensors• to compare, monitor and correct the calibration of monitored instruments to community references

TRACEABILITY / UNBROKEN CHAINS OF

• by generating calibration corrections on a routine operational basis• with specified uncertainties• through well‐documented, peer‐reviewed procedures

COMPARISONS

• based on various techniques to ensure consistent and robust results

• Delivery to users• Free and open accessp• Adopting community standards

• To promote• Greater understanding of instruments’ absolute calibration• Greater understanding of instruments’ absolute calibration, by analysing the root causes of biases

• More accurate and more globally consistent retrieved L2 products• Inter operability for more accurate environmental climate and weather forecasting products


• Inter‐operability for more accurate environmental, climate and weather forecasting products


GSICS Procedure for Product AcceptanceGSICS Procedure for Product Acceptance

• Based on QA4EOQ• Products progress from

• Demonstration Mode

• Through • Pre‐Operational Mode

• To• Operational Mode

• By a series of reviews• Over period of ~1.5yr• Subject to meeting acceptance

criteria



A Vision for GSICS in 2020s:A Vision for GSICS in 2020s: Shaping GSICS for future challenges

GSICS is …• A collaborative framework among satellite operators and

science teams to develop, implement and share community‐d b i d d d d d lagreed best practices and standards, procedures and tools

• …to monitor, improve and harmonize the calibration of GOS environmental satellitesenvironmental satellites

• Focus: systematic generation of in‐orbit inter‐calibration information to refine the individual calibration of Level 1information to refine the individual calibration of Level 1 satellite data



A Vi i f GSICS i 2020 Sh i GSICS f f h llA Vision for GSICS in 2020s: Shaping GSICS for future challenges

GSICS aims to enable satellite operators…p• to assess uncertainties, and to assess calibration methods• to deliver state‐of‐the‐art NRT calibration • to understand and mitigate the calibration differences• to share knowledge, development effort, test data sets and references…

GSICS benefits to users and WMO programmes• Time‐consistency comparability and traceability of climate data recordsTime consistency, comparability and traceability of climate data records

for the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space• Consistent multi‐satellite data for composite products• Error characterization for NWP• Enable integration of observation systems (WIGOS)



A Vision for GSICS in 2020s: Shaping GSICS for future challenges

Membership• All CGMS Members are encouraged to participate & benefit from GSICS. • Other governmental agencies can attend as observers

PartnershipsPartnerships• Increasing collaboration with CEOS/WGCV (IVOS) • GCOS Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN) • WMO Workshop on GRUAN-GSICS-GNSS-RO collaboration • Envisaged : with the metrology community BIPM, WMO/CIMO and

Radiative Transfer Models (RTM) community (e.g. ITWG)Radiative Transfer Models (RTM) community (e.g. ITWG)



A Vi i f GSICS i 2020 Sh i GSICS f f t h llA Vision for GSICS in 2020s: Shaping GSICS for future challenges

Core principlesCore principles• Calibration of satellite instruments is monitored and assessed by

comparing with community references, using common methodologies, p g y g ginternational standards, best practices, & ultimately SI‐traceable standards

• Continuous chain of comparisons with stated uncertainties• Continuous chain of comparisons with stated uncertainties, to ensure metrological traceability.

• Calibration corrections are generated for both Near‐Real‐Time use and retrospective analyses, with specified uncertainties, through documented, peer‐reviewed procedures to ensure consistent and robust results (…)

• Inter‐calibration assessments, comparisons and corrections are delivered through free and open access adopting community data standards


through free and open access, adopting community data standards.


Outreach and ChallengesOutreach and Challenges

OutreachQ t l l tt ( d)• Quarterly newsletter (revamped)

• User Workshops Sp ing 2013 NOAA– Spring 2013 – NOAA

– October 2014 – CMA, Shanghaï

• GRWG – promoting scientific partnerships• GRWG promoting scientific partnerships• IEEE-TGRS special issue on satellite calibration

(collaboration with CEOS/WGCV)( / )

• User messaging service• Certificates of Appreciation for reviewers


pp


GSICS P d t d S iGSICS Products and Services

Operational (IASI) or research instruments (MODIS, AIRS)are used for references



Product Use Case-1

FY-2 vs IASI+AIRSIR Calibration Bias of FY-2 VISSR

GSICS Significant progresses were made in FY-2

operational calibration(C GS CS(C GS CS(Changed to GSICS in (Changed to GSICS in

2012)2012)

Eclipse Phase

GSICS

Operational calibration of FY-2D/2E was upgraded using GSICS inter calibrationGSICS inter-calibration algorithm in 2012-04 and 2012-01 separately.

The calibration biases were

Ti i f TBB bi f IR1 3 h l AQUA/AIRS

The calibration biases weresharply decreased, and reduced to about 0.5~1K@290K (@250K）

without eclipse period.


Time series of TBB biases for IR1~3 channels vs AQUA/AIRSreference scenes (290 K for IR1 and IR2, 250 K for IR3).

p p


Product Use Case-2GSICS Correction Algorithm for Geostationary Infrared Imagers

Before 3K Bias

After: ~ 0K Bias

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, China20

Initial Projects for the GRWG UV Subgroup

1. Best practices for BUV on‐ground and in‐flight calibration and characterization. This project seeks to build on the lessons learned from past instruments to identify the key areas of calibration that will most benefit the mission goals.l h ’ l2. Solar UV measurement project. This project’s goal is to

create quantitative comparisons among the solar spectra measured by the different instrumentsmeasured by the different instruments.

3. Calibration of reflectivity and aerosol channels. This project’s goals are to develop vicarious calibration methods andgoals are to develop vicarious calibration methods and provide comparisons for monitoring the BUV measurements for channels with little trace gas absorption, primarily from 340 nm to 405 nm.

4. Calibration comparisons for 240 nm to 300 nm. The fourth /project seeks to develop comparisons of radiance /

irradiance ratios from 240 nm to 300 nm.

MERSI Degradation monitoring using Stable SitesMERSI Degradation monitoring using Stable Sites

CW(um)0.4700.5500.650

Wavelength decreasing,0.41~0.86umWavelength decreasing,0.41~0.86umWavelength decreasing,0.41~0.86um 0.412 um

0.8650.4120.4430.4900.565

CW(um)0.520

1 03 um

0.5200.6500.6850.7650.8651.03 um0.9050.9801.03

The sensor response presents a linear varying trend with seasonal patterns.

For most bands from green to near‐infrared, the responses tend to be lower from November to February th f M t A t i ll f th d d i f d t l i b d 3 (650 )

the fifth AOMSUCNovember 19-21, 2014, Shanghai, China2014-8-18 22

than from May to August, especially for the red and near‐infrared spectral region, e.g., band 3 (650 nm), 4 (865 nm), 13 (650 nm), 14 (685 nm), 15 (765 nm), and 16 (865 nm). However, the phenomenon tends to be different for blue bands, e.g., bands 1 (470 nm), 8 (412 nm), and 9 (443 nm).

Degradation monitoring using DCC methodDegradation monitoring using DCC method

DCC can be identified by MERSI infrared brightness temperature (< 205 K) within ± 20°N, and the response degradation of MERSI RSBs are derived by DCC monitoring on a monthly basis .

0 9

1

1.1

spon

se B1B2B3

CW(um)0.4700.5500 650

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Norm

aliz

ed R

es B3B4B8B9B10

0.6500.8650.4120.4430.490

Jul. Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul. Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul. Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul. Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul.

Month

N

B12

1se

B11B13

0.565

CW(um)0.5200 650

0.8

1

aliz

ed R

espo

ns B13B14B15B16B17

0.6500.6850.7650.8650.905

Jul. Sep.NovJan.Mar.May Jul. Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul.Sep.Nov Jan.Mar.May Jul. Sep.NovJan.Mar.May Jul.

0.6

Norm

a

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012B18B19B20

0.9400.9801.03

the fifth AOMSUCNovember 19-21, 2014, Shanghai, China2014-8-18 23


Product Monitoring at NOAAProduct Monitoring at NOAA

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, ChinaCourtesy : NOAA GCC


Product Monitoring at JMAProduct Monitoring at JMA

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, ChinaCourtesy : JMA GPRC


Product Monitoring at KMAProduct Monitoring at KMA

The fifth AOMSUC, Nov. 2014, Shanghai, ChinaCourtesy : KMA GPRC


GSICS Coordination Center, NOAAArticles of 700-800 word length with 2 Figures and 1 Table acceptable . Contact Manik Bali for more info.

Quarterly Newsletter

• GSICS Quarterly Newsletter

B d f t• Brand new format .• Newsletter has doi.• Accepts articles onAccepts articles on

topics related to calibration ( Pre and Post launch)Post launch).

• Rate and Comment section readers and authors can interact.

• Register at Messaging Service to get


gNewsletter


Challenges: Calibration references

• GSICS strives to ensure well characterized, on-orbit calibration reference standards, and to provide traceability to these references

• IASI-A, MODIS are currently the primary references in IR and VIS. Additional references (AIRS, IASI-B, CrIS in the future) tied to the primary reference increase robustness. Excellent consistency between these

h b d ff b dinstruments: the mean Tb difference between AIRS, IASI and CrIS is between 0.1 K to 0.2 K

P l bi i f i i diff bi l l ld d• Polar orbiting reference instrument in different orbital planes would reduce risk of undetected diurnal bias in GEO-LEO due to solar intrusion on current 3-axis stabilized geo imagers

• GSICS should promote on-orbit SI-traceable references (e.g. CLARREO) which could leverage the traceability of the whole EO system



Challenges: GSICS d Cli tChallenges: GSICS and Climate

• GSICS provides tools (best practices and references) enabling theGSICS provides tools (best practices and references) enabling the production of climate data records by satellite operators and climate projects (SCOPE-CM, GEWEX, reanalysis)

• Contributes to the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Spaceg p



SummarySummary

• GSICS is progressing in the right direction• GSICS is progressing in the right direction• Science collaboration has never been so active!!• Need to improve engagement in data working group• Need to improve engagement in data working group.• The GPPA procedure has the rigor needed to provide

confidence in GSICS productsconfidence in GSICS products• GSICS is an integral part of the climate architecture• GSICS Quarterly Newsletter attracts broad audience and• GSICS Quarterly Newsletter attracts broad audience and

contributions• More engagement of operational agencies is needed inMore engagement of operational agencies is needed in

GDWG• High appreciation of the attending GSICS session in


High appreciation of the attending GSICS session in this AOMSUC


SESSION 6 : Global Spaced-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS)

14:00 NOAA/NESDIS, Fuzhong Weng

SESSION 6 : Global Spaced based Inter Calibration System (GSICS) Chairs: Zhang Peng / Kenneth Holmlund

14:00 NOAA/NESDIS, Fuzhong Weng Characterization of ATMS on-orbit calibration accuracy for GSICS Applications 14:15 ESSIC, University of Maryland, Likun Wang Inter-Comparison of Suomi NPP CrIS Radiances with AIRS and IASI toward I f d H t l B h k R di M tInfrared Hyperspectral Benchmark Radiance Measurements 14:30 EUMETSAT, Tim Hewison Update on GSICS Inter-Calibration Product Development 14:45 CMA/NSMC, Hu Xiuqing,Xu Na14:45 CMA/NSMC, Hu Xiuqing,Xu Na CMA GSICS product development and services 15:00 NOAA/NESDIS , Lawrence E. Flynn, Manik Bali Report on GSICS Coordination Center Activities and Plans

P13 Diurnal variation of Inter-calibration for COMS Infrared channels KMA/NMSC,Tae-Hyeong OhP16 Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Instruments (BUV) instruments on Satellites in GEO and L1 orbits.NOAA/NESDIS ,Lawrence E. FlynnP17 In orbit determination and validation of Spectral Response Function using IASI Radiances and GSICS SNOComparisons NOAA/NESDIS, Manik Bali



St HSt H…… …… Stop HereStop Here


GLOBAL SPACE-BASED INTER-CALIBRATION SYSTEM ......DCC can be identified by MERSI infrared brightness...

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