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Transcript of global shipping markets
8/7/2019 global shipping markets
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1
DistanceType
New YorkAir
Origin Destination
Singapore 19 Hours
2 SingaporeVessel Long Beach 40 Days
3 RibeiraoPreto
Truck Santos Port 5 Hours
4 TubaraoVessel Beilun 56 Days
5 NewcastleVessel Qingdao 25 Days
6 St PaulBarge NewOrleans
10 Days
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http://www.thisisnoble.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=640&Itemid=479&lang=en
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Physical Process of Moving Goods and Cargo
Air, Land and Sea
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1 Beneficial Owners: ultimate recipient of profits, may own fleet.Sub Companies may own Vessels or use 3rd party managers.
2 Ship Owners: Rents the boat to Charterers
3 Ship owners: either transport the agreed upongoods, or provide the ship itself to Charterer.
4 Charterer: Agrees to pay a specified freightprice for the transport or use of the vessel.
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1 A contract to deliver a product to an agreed upon destination.
2 Charterer agrees to pay Freight
3 A contract to deliver a product to an agreed upon destination.
4 Products: Grains; Crude Oil, LNG and Containers
5 A contract to deliver a product to an agreed upon destination.
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Dirty Tankers ± Crude and Residual Fuel Oils - TMRD <GO>
Clean Tankers ± Gasoline, Heating Oil, Gasoil, Jet Kerosene: TMRD <GO>
Worldscale Rates & Conversion to $ per Ton, Barrels and Days
POTN <GO>
1
2
3
4
TTCE <GO>5
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Unified system of establishing freight payment by routes and product
Annual AVG of the PORT to PORT flat route costs established by Worldscale
Worldscale rate is expressed as a % of the designated published rate
Reflects freight market demand: ships, size & cargo demand at time of Fixing
1
2
3
4
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� Worldscale - % fluctuating on availability anddemand for ships and cargo by route
�
Established a net margin of U
SD
12,000 for charterers
� A route can be quoted in 3 ways:
± $ per Metric ton. ± $ per Day.
± $ per Gallon
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� Use CHAD <GO> to gauge historical volumes of crude.
� TREK<GO> Crude Oil tanker voyages
� Use FLET<GO> to review global fleet data acrossproducts and vessel types.
� Track SSY broker estimated ship values.
� BMAP -Search vessels
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� Global marketplace for owners, brokersand charterers.
� The exchange provides daily freightmarket prices and maritime shipping costindices, and a market for freight futures(known as Forward Freight Agreement).
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� The exchange publishes six daily indices, all of which are complimentary on Bloomberg now.The additional route rates are a third party
service onB
loomberg.� Baltic Dry Index
� Baltic Panamax Index (BPI)
� Baltic Capesize Index (BCI)
� Baltic Handymax Index (BHMI)� Baltic Tanker Dirty Index
� Baltic Tanker Clean Index
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� Agreements for Freight RATES
� Hedge tool ± they are NOT Contract
Fixtures.� Daily rate based upon Baltic Exchange
� Like a Contract for Differences (Swap)«at
settle, if contract is LESS than the AVERAGE rate for day count periodagreed, Seller pays Buyer the difference.
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� Forward Freight Agreements and Optionsare the hedging tools used for trading of future levels of freight rates.
� Allow for Vessel Owners to hedge physicalfreight.
� OTC broker based market which settlesagainst the BFX indices & Platts
� IMRX exch electronic screen basedtrading..
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� FFAs reduce price volatility risk.
� IMAREX is most detailed ± IMRX<GO>� Products that trade include:
± Dirty Tanker Futures ± Clean Tanker Futures
± Dry Bulk
± Bunker Forward Rates
± Freight Options ± BDI Futures (Baltic Dry Index)
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�Takes into acct vessels anchored for more than 14 days,the draft (i.e. are not empty) stationary within sameregion
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� FIXC - Containership fixtures
� FISL & GALB ± Regional route brokers
� Port Congestions studies (FLET) covers
major crude and products as well
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� FUEL OIL used to power Vessels
� Regionally quoted
� Major Grades = 180 and 380 Centistroke� Centistroke is a measure of viscosity in oil.
Lower viscosity fuel oil tends to command
a higher price in the spot market.� Physical & Fwd markets exist (Imarex)
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� No. 1, 2 and 3 are distillate fuels oils ± akaLight ± Kerosene (1), Diesel/Gasoil (2)
�No.4 is blend of distillate and residuals ± ablend of #2 and #6
� No. 5 and 6 are HEAVY Fuel Oils(residuals). 6 is Heaviest.
� BUNKER Fuel is most commonly No. 6
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� Transport of regional Natural Gas Suppliesvia tanker and regasification plants
� Asia major importer.
� Price of LNG is indexed to CRUDE ratio of 6:1. Aka Japan Crude Cocktail Index
�
LNG competes with Nat Gas inU
SA andEU as well (also Crude in EU)
� Assets & Vessels ± BMAP <GO>
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� Over 90% of the LNG market is under contract
� Shipments can move ± contracts can
change� Vessel location and cargoes are tracked ±
VSRC has sample searches
� Over last 2 years, USA has increasedimport capabilities by over 500% andbuilding (GCAS)
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� B ARG <GO> - USA Agriculture River rates
� GALB<GO> DRY BULK global routes
� NWCO <GO> Australian COAL shipments
� BSHI<GO> SSY COAL & IRON rates
� BSHI<GO> Vale do Rio Iron Ore ± largestiron ore producer globally
� Iron Ore consumption grows 10% annual
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