Global History—Thursday December 15 2009 Chapter 25—The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (pages 630-653) Topic: Industrial RevolutionAim Question:In what ways did the factory system change the way people lived and worked and were these positives or negatives?Objective:-Understand how industry changed peoples lives in Manchester-Analyze the positives and negatives effects of industrialization-Examine the working conditions through the “The Jungle” by Uptown SinclairAgenda:-Attendance -Announcements; -Review: Industrialization, definition, and facts-Notes/Lecture on effects of industrialization-Read excerpts of “The Jungle”

Review: Industrialization

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

England

What does Rural mean?

The country or from an agrarian community

During the Industrial Revolution, where did most people migrate in search of

jobs in factories?

Urban Communities

What powered the first machines that

eventually moved trains and boats?

STEAM

What are the three factors of production?

LandLabor

Money (capital)

Case Study: Manchester, England(Page 638)

A Case Study: Cotton Manufacturing in

Manchester• Great location• New Technology• Large urban (city)

population--labor• Many natural

resources• Many banks

willing to loan money

Urbanization

City building and people moving to cities.

RURAL

RURAL= the COUNTRY

City Living—the Urbanization of society

URBAN

URBANIZATION

Manchester’s growth: 1760 = 45,000 people

1850 = 300,001900 = 600,00

Why rush to the City—URBAN areas?

• More stable work than on the farm

• Opportunity in the city…

• “Everyone else is doing it!”—mentality…

New “classes” of people…(social classes…)

• Growing (upper) middle class: bourgeoisie, business owners, factory owners, professionals (accountants, lawyers), skilled workers (engineer, scientist), and entrepreneurs

- not rich, and certainly not poor

…New Social Classes…

• Lower middle class:

- factory managers, skilled machinists or craftsmen, foremen

• Working class:

- workers in the mines, factories, low level workers, dirty workers

Living Conditions in Manchester

• No planning to the city• No sanitary codes• No building codes• No public education established• No garbage collection service• Little police protection

established• Few paved streets

Manchester 1800’s living conditions

Manchester in the 1800’s

Tenement Living

Tenement or Apartment

Sleeping quarters

Urbanization = Factory Work

• Farm labor became Factory labor

• Working conditions also changed

• Outside work became inside work

Working Conditions• Factory owners maximized the time

of the worker; mostly 14 hour work days, 6 days a week

• Same, monotonous work (over and over again, the same movement)

• Factories were dark and dirty

• No government programs for safety of workers

• Many young children working

Working conditions

Pottery Factory

The New Work Force

Child Labor. 8 year-old kids would spend ten hours a day in coal mines.Their little bodies fit more easy than an adult! More kids…more money!!!