The Danish Model Transforming Public Libraries from Institutions of the Industrial Age to Change Agents for the Networked Society..

Rolf Hapel, Aarhus Public Libraries, Denmark

Denmark 5.5 mill inhabitants 43,000 km2 450 fixed library service points 96 NZD average spending on libraries per capita

Aarhus 310.000 inhabitants 647 km2 19 libraries 78 NZD average spending on libraries per capita

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

More than 50 % decrease of service points in Denmark since

1980!

Fewer libraries..

.

E-book readers

Libraries

Reinvent the library new ways of professionalism

new products new alliances

new ways of funding

A new library model for the knowledge society Danish Digital Library Partnerships

The modern library

D. Skot-Hansen et. al. Royal School of Library and Information Science

Cognition/information

Engagement

Innovation Empower-ment

Space for meaningful and touching experiences Irrational, emotional and chaotic Communicating a diversion of aesthetic experiences Storytelling or other artistic expressions All kinds of media, cultural forms and genres Stage for events and cultural arrangements Supporting cognition/experience and innovation

Space for inspiration

Space for experience and exploring the world through media and communication Free and easy access to information and knowledge Learning percieved as a dialogue oriented process Based on learning needs of the users Informal settings Playful, interactive and social learning methods Homework café’s, study places, open courses and experiment areas Supporting cognition/experience and empowerment

Space for learning

Open, public space The Great Good Place - between home and work Arenas for encounters between people of different interests and values Encounter opinions through discussions and debate Non-committal, random encounters through lounge décor with newspapers and café atmosphere Organized meetings Chat groups, blogs or other social media Supporting empowerment and engagement

Space for meeting

Users creating new expressions in the encounter with art and culture Access to tools supporting creative expressions Gaming-, writing-, sound- and video-workshops Workshops with professional artists, designers and multimedia developers Publishing and distributing work and products of the users User access to stages for performance and expression Supporting engagement and innovation

Space for performance

Idea

Liberate data and information

Create relations between data

Make the users knowledge visible and useful

Place information in a meaningful context for the users ..by using open source software and forming communities for development

da

ta b

ase

s

Information silos

Concept

The well (data repository)

O

Sources Application layer

O m

Presentation

User transactions

Harvesting and

indexing

TING.community

Library Partners

Mobile

Open Source Content (Coding and consistency)

Vendor Partners

The Well (Meta data repository)

Community Council - - - - - - - - - -

Community Work Group

TING.concept

Ding2 (CMS)

40 12

Mobile Projects E.g. apps

The Net libraries Virtual libraries or subject portals

produced by Danish public and

research libraries in cooperation

Started spring 2000

Editor based in Aarhus, production distributed

Cooperation with nationwide public service TV and radio broadcast (DR)

Also nonfiction: ”Think Pauses” in cooperation with Aarhus University and DR

a series of events and booklets with scientist and researchers on subjects like Freedom, Network, Confidence and Hostility.

’Something Similar’

’Book pieces’

Blogs

Order the book in your library

Video clips

Expert panels

User profiles

Readers Clubs

Ask your librarian

Analyses

Podcasts

Best rated novels

News

Author net Interviews

Latest comments

Write to the Author

Event calendar

Bibliographies

Biographies

All Danish public libraries participate

Universe – basic figures and changing themes – also in the physical libraries

Palle’s Gift Shop

Presentation

Theme

Recommendations

Music Games

Polling Downloads

User comments Library Adds

Watch movies with your borrowers card on filmstriben.dk

Film and movies E-sound books

E-music E-books

m.aakb.dk

Integrated e-content

My loans/account

New media/ services

Recommen- dations

Top 10

News from the library

Events

Search and hold SMS services

General info

Loan Patterns – ”Wisdom of the Crowd”

Others who have borrowed..

Film and movies

E-sound books

E-music

E-books

E-content from

the library:

E-books

E-sound books

Music

Film..

..in Websites from e.g. educational institutions

October 2011

Agreement with primary

publishers covering 80 % of the

Danish e-book market

Build on TING

Technical integration to Fiction

Literature portal

Integration to OPAC’s

Launching ebook-service

Scan point

Remember this book

Others have also borrowed..

Titles by same author

Mash-up library

LOCAL ARCHIVE

ARKIV Archive

YOUTH

MEETING

ROOMS

ANALOGUE MEDIA

SELF SERVICE

LEARNING CENTER

SMS BUSINESS

SERVICE

HOME-

WORK

HELP

COMMUNITY

CENTER

CAFÉ

STUDY SUPPORT JOB CORNER

LIBRARY SHOP

REFERENCE

CONSUMER INFO

NATURE GUIDE E

XH

IBIT

ION

S

FAMILIES

Partner activities

Q AND A

HEALTH

COUNCELLING

LEISURE INFO

NEWS LOUNGE

QUIET AREA

TO

DD

LE

RS

/C

HIL

DR

EN

REA-DINGTRAI-NING

..a structured, obligating, mutual beneficial and dialogue based cooperation between organizations from different sectors who by combining their resources and competences can develop new activities and services

Interaction

Distance

Short term Long term Sponsorships Short duration

Donations, gifts

Volunteers as consultants

Advocacy campains

Co-production R & D

Business development projects

Branding

Sponsorships Long duration

Networks, clubs

Innovation in hybrid organisations

Dialogue on services

Partnership strategy

20122

Thus partnerships..

New resources and skills in the library Knowledge and inspiration from others Increased network

Increased diversity and quality in service production

Enhanced communication and marketing Legitimization New ambassadors

Innovation Strategy

What is innovation?

Innovation

Value – for the users

New

Phases of innovation

Known non-

knowledge

Know-ledge

Unknown non-

knowledge

Divergent Phase

Convergent Phase

Goals and aims

Action plans

Vision Fullfillment

The Groan-zone

Davenport and Pruzak, 1998 Viscositet of Knowledge

Self service

The intelligent building..

The hybrid library

• Multiple user interfaces

• “Intelligent” user support from the

environment

• Web-services: embedded elements in the

physical library connecting items and data

from the Internet (recommendation, something

similar, author portraits)

Inspiring physical spaces for learning,

searching, reading

Winner of Danish Design Award 2004 i-floor

Info Column, proto type

Pick up of digital material The cell phone collect the web address

Bluetooth transmits address to pc

Info Galleria

The Climate Scene

E-tables

Lib-Phone RFID tags and Blue Toth connected to content server

Early version…

Story Hat PDA equipped Reacts with rfid tags

The Laundry Game

”Rocking sheep”

The Story Chair

Interactive Wall

The Quibbler

Low Tech Book Table

Innovation!

From Information searchable anywhere

To What is only possible to experience in the library

Space for media The space as a media

On-line On-site

Information Meaning and significance

Facts Reliability

Encounter with information Encounter with people

Well informed Eksperimental

Visitor Resource

Neutrality Sensuous

Serious Playful

Arrangements Events

The library as a space

Ivar Moltke, Create

From Space for Media to Space for People

Libraries are low intensive meeting places and creators of social capital and trust..

Ragnar Audunson, Oslo University college, Dept. of

Journalism, Library and Information Studies, Oslo, Norway

World Café 3-4 consecutive rounds of discussion A new question posed at each round Participants change – the host of the table stays an picks up the essence

Library as percieved

by others

Dialogue and oral

competences involved

Opportunity to

examine the library’s

own attitudes and

ideas

Groups of people forming visions. Everyone gets a camera and has to answer in photos: What is it like to

be a user and what is it like to work there?

A great variety of

competences involved

Using pictures

communicates well

Starts discussions

and reflections

Photo typing

Users and staff introduces ideas and projects and participants elaborate and develop those

ideas

The library space is used for ideas and projects A channel into user thoughts and ideas Test-space for development topics Access to user networks

Village Square

Mindspot: Target group from 14-20. Events inside and outside of the library. Hiring young people –

Mindspotters - on a short term basis to create events and develop ideas

for this user group Using user competences

Construct a universe

Access to new network

and user groups

Changing the image of

the library worker

Lead Users

Children’s lab: A week’s workshop with children btw 9-14 prototyping a library. The results were used as part of the competition programme

for UMSA

Direct access to

children and not just

to children’s adults

Children carries large

networks

In 2014 these children

are between 16-21

User driven design

LESSONS LEARNED

Make partnerships

Co-create and co-produce

Integrate user generated knowledge in services

Liberate the library from analog media - gradually!!!

Think value chains, formats and ”universes” in service

production

LESSONS LEARNED

Make space for prototyping in the physical library

Increase ties between other public sector activities and

libraries

Think relations rather than transactions

Advocate and campain

Be where the users are

Analogue media..

..digital media..

..music..

..serendipity..

..events..

..exhibitions..

..play for adults..

..picture books..

Bogklubber ..puppet theater..

..chess club..

..imagination..

..playful togetherness..

..book start programmes..

/wEPDwU

..and story telling!

Tuition..

..structured courses..

..informal learning..

..consultation..

..individual help..

..homework help - primary school..

..homework help café - immigrants..

..edutainment..

..word bingo..

..guidance..

..self learning..

..and self service

Meetings..

..talks..

..discussions..

..public debate..

..voting..

..politics..

.hanging out..

..dating..

.. concentrating!

Writers workshops..

..navigating..

..rap performance..

..building the future library..

..poetry slam..

..creating toys..

..workshops for lead users..

..creating the future..

..method development..

..play for children..

..hacker labs..

..necessary rest!

City Floor - level 0

Central escalators Reading room

Project rooms

Study cells Entrance, level 1

Citizens Services

Readin

g r

oom

Cafe

Learning and meeting

Multi purpose halls

The entrance – level 1

Media Ramp - level 1

Media Ramp - level 2

Children and Families

Learning and meetings

Media Ramp

Learning and meetings

Central escalators

Rental Spaces

Hanging Garden

Book shelves

Mirror Room Exhibition

Loudspeaker

Dynamic Surface Wardrobe

Breastfeeding space

Blackboard paint

Eating space