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Transcript of GIS 200 Introduction to GIS Buildings. Poly Streams, Line Wells, Point Roads, Line Zoning,Poly MAP...
GIS 200
Introduction to GIS
Buildings. Poly
Streams, Line
Wells, Point
Roads, Line
Zoning, Poly
MAP SHEETS
Geographic• Related to spatial locations on the surface
of the earth; referenced by coordinates.
Information• Data transformed via structuring,
formatting, conversion, modeling; value added data
System• Interrelated parts that operate
independently and together to achieve objectives/functions
What is GIS?
What is GIS?
GIS (Geographic Information System):
computer information system that can input, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced (spatial) data to support decision making processes.
Tools for a GIS
• Hardware- Computer- Printer / Plotter - Digitizer- Scanner
• GIS Desktop Software• CAD Software• Multimedia
-Photos, Video, 3D Models
• World Wide Web• GIS Personnel
GIS Data Raster Images - grids
• “pixels”, cells, rasters• satellite images• digital aerial photos
Vector• features: points, lines & polygons• attributes: size, type, length, etc.
GIS Data Sources
Digitized and Scanned Maps• purchased, donated, free (Internet)• created by user
Data Bases – Tables of data GPS (Global Positioning Systems) Field Sampling of Attributes Remote Sensing Imagery & Aerial
Photography
Conventional Information Systems
• Answer the following questions:- Who ?- What ?- When ?- Why ?- How ?
GIS answers the following
• Location: What is at...?
• Condition: Where is it?
• Trends: What has changed since...?
• Patterns: What spatial patterns exist?
• Modeling: What if…?
Exploring data using GIS turns data into information into knowledge
Data Data Data
•Overlay different spatial dataMust use same coordinate system
•Location Data How Many? – What Kind? – Where?
• Scale of Data Global to Local
• Data Presentation
Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, Maps, Photos
Databases• Not easy to interpret
Visualizing Data
A picture is worth a thousand words
“Layers” of GIS Information
Municipalities
“Layers” of GIS Information
Census Tracts
“Layers” of GIS Information
Lakes and Rivers
“Layers” of GIS Information
Polluting Companies
“Layers” of GIS Information
Schools
Maps and Databases are Interactive
GIS Connects Graphics to Data
Queries and Restrictions
GIS Turns Data Into Information
Assignments due for week 2:
Lo & Yeung textbook: Chapter 1
GIS Tutorial workbook: Appendix B, Installing data and software
Work through Tutorial 1
Free on-line course, Getting Started with GIS
http://training.esri.com/acb2000/showdetl.cfm?DID=6&Product_ID=915
Download/install (StartGIS.exe) and work through Module 1 (no homework to turn in).