Geotechnical Data Management in the Army Corps
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Integrated Geotechnical Data Management for Working Engineers and
Geologists
Geospatial Technology Symposium & Exhibition
17-19 August 2004
San Antonio, Texas
Scot D. Weaver
EarthSoft, Inc.
Paul D. Madison
St. Paul District, USACE
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Agenda
• Geotechnical Data Management • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach• Example Implementation• Benefits• Conclusion
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Geotechnical Data Management
• Volume of Data• Inability/Difficulty in Accessing Data• Incompatibility of Existing Systems• Impact on Geotechnical Design
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Geotechnical Data ManagementVolume of Data
“Some project datasets filled thirty or more boxes.…When the case was closed, as there was no practical way to archive the data, it was all thrown away….”
Quote from state agency:
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Geotechnical Data ManagementVolume of Data
“…Without the ability to manage data electronically, the quality of work suffered and hundreds of millions of data were lost forever.”
Quote from state agency:
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Geotechnical Data Management Inability/Difficulty in Accessing Data
District only uses hard copies of log and testing data. The information is stored in warehouses at different places throughout Omaha.”
“The department is truly archaic when dealing with records. It is my understanding that the
Quote from an engineer in the US Army Corps of Engineers:
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Geotechnical Data Management Inability/Difficulty in Accessing Data
What can this result in?
In one Army Corps District, tens of thousands of dollars were spent unnecessarily on drilling new boreholes within meters of previous drilling sites, simply because they didn’t know that the data existed.
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Geotechnical Data Management Incompatibility of Existing Systems
• Legacy Systems
• New data acquisition systems• Observation/field notebook• Real-time monitoring• Tabular field data entry (EDDs)• Electronic field data entry forms• Instrumentation/telemetry
• New data transfer protocols (and old devices)
• Data “hostage” scenarios (proprietary formats)
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Geotechnical Data Management Impact on Geotechnical Design
Geotechnical data that is not easily accessible impedes the design process, increases overall costs and may reduce the overall quality of products.
If approached correctly, geotechnical data management can be the cornerstone and foundation for effective decision support and risk management.
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• Data management is done in varies ways throughout the Geotechnical Community – Some Good, Some Bad!
• The Corps Geotechnical Community is very similar to their peers in other agencies.
• There is not a data management process that is accepted by everyone and It is difficult to use geotechnical data with both CADD and GIS software.
• GTFAC initiated a Geotech Dbase Project
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
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• Identify Geotechnical Data Structures and Usage
• Define Geotechnical Database Schema
• Identify Data Input Streams and Output (Reports/Logs)
• Define Electronic Data Deliverable (EDD) Formats
• Develop Intelligent Data Entry Forms
• Develop Application Software…
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Tasks
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• In 2003, the Geotechnical Field Action CADD group funded EarthSoft for Phase 1 of the Project
• Objective: “Develop an enterprise-wide geotechnical database”
• EarthSoft surveyed 17 US Army Corps of Engineer District to determine
• the type and extent of geotechnical data of concern• existing tools utilized for geotechnical data
management and analysis
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Data Structure
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Data Structure
• In 2003, the Geotechnical Field Action CADD group funded EarthSoft for Phase 1 of the Project
• Objective: “Develop an enterprise-wide geotechnical database”
• EarthSoft surveyed 17 US Army Corps of Engineer Districts to determine
• the type and extent of geotechnical data of concern• existing tools utilized for geotechnical data
management and analysis
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Data Structure
• In 2003, the Geotechnical Field Action CADD group funded EarthSoft for Phase 1 of the Project
• Objective: “Develop an enterprise-wide geotechnical database”
• EarthSoft surveyed 17 US Army Corps of Engineer Districts to determine
• the type and extent of geotechnical data of concern• existing tools utilized for geotechnical data
management and analysis
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
As a result of the survey an expanded data structure has been proposed that encompasses most geotechnical data elements currently used within the Corps.
• Geotechnical, Geologic, Non-Geotechnical Tables
• 53 tables, over 600 fields
• Relational structure
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
As a result of the survey an expanded data structure has been proposed that encompasses most geotechnical data elements currently used within the Corps.
• Definition includes field• name• type• length (if applicable)• required • key field
• validation• description• aliases, abbreviations• example
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftStatic material properties, water content, density, Atterberg, sieve, hydrometer, specific gravity, compaction, UU/CU, compression, direct shear, permeability, sedimentation, elastic modulus, downhole point (CPT), …
Geologic Tables Defined by EarthSoftLithology, stratigraphy, sample, sample parameter, drill activity, drill parameter, …
Non-Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftProject, location, location parameter, coordinate, well, well construction, water level, water table, company, …
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftStatic material properties, water content, density, Atterberg, sieve, hydrometer, specific gravity, compaction, UU/CU, compression, direct shear, permeability, sedimentation, elastic modulus, downhole point (CPT), …
Geologic Tables Defined by EarthSoftLithology, stratigraphy, sample, sample parameter, drill activity, drill parameter, …
Non-Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftProject, location, location parameter, coordinate, well, well construction, water level, water table, company, …
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftStatic material properties, water content, density, Atterberg, sieve, hydrometer, specific gravity, compaction, UU/CU, compression, direct shear, permeability, sedimentation, elastic modulus, downhole point (CPT), …
Geologic Tables Defined by EarthSoftLithology, stratigraphy, sample, sample parameter, drill activity, drill parameter, …
Non-Geotechnical Tables Defined by EarthSoftProject, location, location parameter, coordinate, well, well construction, water level, water table, company, …
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Database Schema must be compatible with SDSFIE.
What is SDSFIE?
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
• Set of graphic and non-graphic standards for GIS implementation
• The only non-proprietary data content standard designed for use with predominant commercial GIS, CADD, and database software
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Database Schema must be compatible with SDSFIE.
What is SDSFIE?
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
• Set of graphic and non-graphic standards for GIS implementation
• The only non-proprietary data content standard designed for use with predominant commercial GIS, CADD, and database software
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Database Schema must be compatible with SDSFIE.
What is SDSFIE?
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
• Set of graphic and non-graphic standards for GIS implementation
• The only non-proprietary data content standard designed for use with predominant commercial GIS, CADD, and database software
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
• Standard for GIS implementation throughout the Department of Defense
• de facto standard for GIS implementation in many federal, state, and local agencies; public utilities; and private industry
However…
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
• Standard for GIS implementation throughout the Department of Defense
• de facto standard for GIS implementation in many federal, state, and local agencies; public utilities; and private industry
However…
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
…while the SDSFIE is great with 2D features like buildings, roads, types vegetation, it is lacking in support of subsurface features like …
… consolidation tests.
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema—SDSFIE
Spatial Data Standard for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
The geotechnical attributes and domain tables defined in the data structure will be added to the next version of SDSFIE.
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
Ultimate goal of the Project is to produce an enterprise Geotechnical Data Management System that is …
• Easy to enter, edit, retrieve subsurface/laboratory data
• Interface with GIS, engineering design applications
• Support production of boring logs for contract
documents
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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Approach
Geotechnical Database Schema
Ultimate goal of the Project is to produce an enterprise Geotechnical Data Management System
• Anticipated implementation:• Army 80 installations• Army Corps 41 District offices• Navy 110 installations• Air Force 110 installations• Other Federal agencies 29
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The proposed system includes not only support for field and laboratory rock and soils data, but also:
• Geohazard Inventories• Document Management• Research & Planning• Instrumentation & Monitoring• Archived Data and Documents• Emergency Response• Construction• Structures• Highway Maintenance
Example Implementation Scope
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Example Implementation Potential Data Input Streams
• Import from existing databases, such as gINT
• Intelligent Forms
• Electronic Data Deliverables (EDDs)
• Field data entry/ collection
• Manual data entry
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Example Implementation Potential Data Output/Exports
• Borehole Logs
• Lab Data (grain size dist., ternary diagrams)
• Design
• Predictive Models/Simulation
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Example Implementation Define Electronic Data Deliverable (EDD)
Formats
• Establish formats for loading laboratory and field data
• Define checking constraints (vocabulary, limits, etc.)
• EDD formats are free, removing barriers to their use
• EDD formats can be enforced by agencies with the freely-distributed EQuIS Data Processor (EDP)
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
The EQuIS Data Processor (EDP) enforces EDD formats, rules
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
• EDP is available as standalone, Windows application or Enterprise web application
• Both versions use the same code
• ‘Closed Loop’
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
Standalone Windows application ensures privacy of data submitter
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
• Enterprise EDP for high-volume data submission programs
Supports:
• Automated Workflow• Checking,
Processing• Rejection Notices• Acceptance Notices• Data Screening
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
Intelligent Forms:
• Data checked on entry
• Can be reproduced upon paper
• Automatically creates EDDs
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
Integration/Import from gINT Databases
EQuISGeotechnical
DataManagement
System
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Example Implementation Data Entry and Importing
ArcPad integration with handheld device for incorporation of GPS data
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Example Implementation Document Management
Integration with Falcon/DMS
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EQuISGeotechnical
DataManagement
System
Example Implementation Document Management
Manages versions of all INCOMING DATA
Manages versions of all OUTGOING DATA
FALCON/DMS
FALCON/DMS
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Example Implementation Geotechnical Reports/Graphics
Integration with gINT:Borehole Log
EQuISGeotechnical
DataManagement
System
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Example Implementation EQuIS for ArcGIS/ArcIMS
• Open GIS Consortium (OGC) Compliant• Support Dynamic Linear Segmentation• Both thin-client (i.e. ArcIMS) and thick-client (i.e.
ArcGIS) solutions• Conventionally, GIS is used as an analysis tool.
EQuIS also uses GIS as a user interface:• data selection• posting• viewing• integration with other modeling and analysis tools
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Example Implementation EQuIS Information Agent (“Push” Reporting)
• Reports (or graphs, or logs) delivered automatically via email or web portal (dashboard)
• May be event-driven, i.e. “a new borehole has been entered into the database so send me a gINT log”
Or
• May be scheduled, i.e.“every Friday at 1 p.m. give me a report of all drilling activity for that week”
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Example Implementation EQuIS Information Agent (“Push” Reporting)
1. Report scheduled
2. Report generated when condition is met
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Benefits of System Implementation
• Reduces costs associated with project design
• Requires the establishment of electronic standards for geotechnical data (soil, rock, water, …)
• Provides the foundation for data sharing
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Benefits of Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) Software
• Built on commercial EQuIS system: an expansion of existing tools and technologies, not an invention
• Open System…easily expanded, easily accessed.
• Supportable inexpensively.
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Benefits of Collaboration
• Lessens the significance of political boundaries
• Improves cooperation between state agencies and between state agencies and federal oversight agencies
• Consistent with national initiative to support information and technology transfer
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Conclusion
The described collaborative approach, innovative, market-leading, proven base technology and combined
experience will provide the foundation for effective geotechnical decision support, leading to improved
geotechnical design.
The EQuIS Geotechnical Data Management System described is the anticipated course of action for the Ohio
Department of Transportation (ODOT).