Geospatial – Force Multiplier for Modern Warfare

A soldier’s perspective

LT GEN ANIL CHAIT, PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC

COMD & CONT

SENSOR

SHOOTER

CONTRASTING CONVENTIONAL AND IRREGULAR WARFARE

CONVENTIONAL +IRREGULAR +TERRORISTS +CRIMINALS

•TRANS AND INTRA STATE WARFARE COEXIST•DIVIDING THEM INTO NEAT DISTINCTION WILL GIVE US DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE ERRORS IN UNDERSTANDING

HYBRID WAR

Conventional

TerrorismIr

regu

lar

Criminality

INTERCONNECTED, UNPREDICTABLE, COMBINED WITH TRADITIONAL, MIXED WITH IRREGULAR, APPLIED SIMULTANEOUSLY & ADAPTIVELY, IN TIME AND SPACE

TWENTY FIRST CENTURY LANDSCAPE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY LANDSCAPE IMPACT ON USE OF FORCE & CHANGING CHARACTER OF IMPACT ON USE OF FORCE & CHANGING CHARACTER OF

WARFAREWARFARE

LANDSCAPE-LIMITED WAR.-WAR BY OTHER MEANS.-SHORT NOTICE, DURATION , HIGH TEMPO & INTENSITY .-NCW, INCREASED BATTLEFIELD TRANSPARENCY (BFT).- NON-LINEAR CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS.-INCREASED DEGRADATION OF THE ENEMY.- INFORMATION WARFARE (IW)

TECHNOLOGY & ASYMMETRIC WARFARE CAPABILITY.

- OPERATIONS UNDER GLARE OF MEDIA.

- FORCE OPTION PROVING LESS COST EFFECTIVE.

CHANGE

-FRONTIER TO REAR-AREA TO PEOPLE -NOTION OF VICTORY-DURING PEACE & HOSTILITY-TOTAL TO LIMITED WAR-CHANGE IN CONCEPT, PARADIGM AND COMPLEXITY OF DEF AND NATIONAL, REGIONAL & GLOBAL SECURITY

SHIFT

•FROM DEFENCE TO SECURITY -FOR OPERATION IN HYBRID ENVIRONMENT•FULL SPECTRUM OPERATIONS•OPERATE IN INFORMATION DOMINATED WORLD•EMPHASIS ON COGNITIVE DOMAIN•WARRIOR TO SCHOLAR WARRIOR•FROM ACTION MEN TO AN ADAPTIVE, REFLECTIVE, PROFESSIONAL

CHALLENGES

CHALLENGES

CHALLENGES

CHALLENGES

RESPONSE MECHANISM AND CHALLENGES

“ ( I ) spent half my military career in wondering what was on the other side of the hill ”

- Duke of Wellington

Ref: Intelligence Warfare, New York: Crescent Books 1987, Pg No 154 - 156

ENABLERS OF OPTIMISATION : STRATEGIC SPHERE

INFO

COG

PHY

COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL POWER

ENABLERS OF OPTIMISATION : GEOSPATIAL TECH

INFO

COG

PHY

COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL POWER

GIS- INTEGRATOR & FORCE MULTIPLIER

GEOSPATIAL GEOSPATIAL FRAMEWORKFRAMEWORK

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DISTANCE EDU MEDICINE INTELLIGENT

ENGGBIO INFORMATION

SPACEGIS &AGRICULTURE

SOCIETYDEVELOPMENT

BUSINESS & COMMERCE

POVERTY REDUCTION

21ST CENTURY

GEOSPATIAL FOR NATIONAL POWERGEOSPATIAL FOR NATIONAL POWERGEOSPATIAL FOR NATIONAL POWERGEOSPATIAL FOR NATIONAL POWER

FRICTION OF WAR

MURPHY’S LAW“if it can go wrong, it will..”FOG OF

WAR

COMMUNICATION PERCEPTION

PREVENTION OF BIG

MISTAKES

HARMINGONES OWN

COHESIONMAX

EFFECTIVENESS

ECONOMY OF FORCE

CENTRALISED COMD BUT DECENTRALISED CONTROL

RELEVANCE OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY(STRATEGIC CUM OPERATIONAL LEVEL)

GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION

ITERATIVE REINFORCING LOOPINCREASED VELOCITY

SITUATIONAL AWARENESS & ITS IMPACT ON VELOCITY

VELOCITY OF MANEUVER

VELOCITY OF INFORMATION

GEOSPATIAL PROVIDES THE COMMON PLATFORM FOR REMOVING INCONSISTENCIES,

INFO GRID GIVES CAPABILITY TO EXPLOIT VELOCITY INCREASING CHANGES OF VICTORY

GLOBAL TRENDS 2025

By 2025, the international system will be a global multi-polar

one with gaps in national power continuing to narrow between developed & developing countries.

Concurrent with the shift in power among nation-states, the relative power of various non-state actors including businesses, tribes, religious organisations, and criminal networks is increasing.

The players are changing, but so too are the scope and breadth of transnational issues important for continued global prosperity?

The next 20 years of transition to a new system are fraught with risks. Strategic rivalries are most likely to revolve around trade, investments, and technological innovation and acquisitions, but we cannot rule out a 19th century-like scenario of arms races, territorial expansion, and military rivalries?

This is a story with not clear outcome? (These) trends suggest major discontinuities, shocks, and surprises (Known Unknowns).

BASED ON THREAT &

RISKS

NATIONAL RESPONSE PROCESS

WHOLE OF GOVTAPPROACH

COP ONGEOSPATIALBACK BONE

NCW IT & RMAC4I STAR

• INFO SHARING – TRI SERVICES MODEL• CYBER WARFARE• JOINT SERVICES COORD• INTER AGENCY MEDIA AND PSY OPS • PERCEPTION MGT

RECOMMENDED GEOSPATIAL FRAMEWORK

NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL FRAMEWORK

COMN FRAMEWORK

INSTITUTIONAL BACKBONE

MIL CIVIL CENTRES OF

EXCELLENCE

NATIONAL INFO GRID

GIS

PRIMARY IN

TEGRATER OF POWER

&

A FORCE MULTIPLIER