Geneticall modified crops jessica schacherer
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Transcript of Geneticall modified crops jessica schacherer
What are Genetically Modified Crops?
GM plants created using GMOs
GMOs
Organisms in which DNA has
been altered in a way not
naturally occurring
“modern biotechnology”
“gene technology”
Allows selected individual genes
to be transferred from one
organism to another or between
non-related species
Benefits of GM Crop Use
Resistance to herbicides
Insect resistance
Decrease use of pesticides
Drought resistance
Addition of vitamins & nutrients
Golden Rice – Vitamin A
Bt cotton in India
Crop yields increased by 60%
Use in United States by 2009/2010
Soybeans 93%
Cotton 93%
Corn 86%
Sugar Beet 95%
GM Crop Global Uses
World hunger issue
Supply more food to starving
nations
Conflict with current
regulations in Africa
Poverty issue
Allow for better crop yield in
poor countries
Promote economic growth
Export products
Financially independent
Conflict with current
regulations
Concerns
Allergenicity•Transfer from commonly
allergenic foods discouraged
•Unless protein product
proven safe
•Protocols for tests by WHO
•No allergic effects found
currently in GM foods
Concerns
Gene Transfer•Transfer from GM foods to
human cells
•Via intestinal tract
•Antibiotic resistant genes
•Probability low
•Negative health effects?
Concerns
Out Crossing•Movement of genes from GM
plants to wild species
•Mixing of seeds, indirect effect
on food safety & security
Maize product in US
•Ecological relationships
Designer Fruit
“Natural cross hybrid”
Combinations of different fruits to produce novel ones
None naturally occurring
Genetically different than either parent
Created to enhance characteristics from other species
Sold as specialty items
New fruit market
.50 cents to $1.00 more
Methods in field, not lab
Still genetically modified food?
Controversy avoided
Example: Peach + Nectarine
Peach: passes on its taste
Nectarine: easy to eat, no fuzz on skin
Genetically Modified Lettuce
Professor Henry Daniell of the
University of Central Florida
Genetically engineered tobacco
plants with insulin gene
Administered to diabetic mice
Restored normal blood and urine
sugar levels
Proposed using lettuce instead
Prevent diabetes before symptoms
appear
Treat disease is later stages
20.8 million children and adults
in US
7% of population
Type 1 or 2 diabetes
Double by 2025
$79.7 billion out of $645 billion
federally spent treating diabetes
NIH provided $2 million in
funding of study
Affect millions worldwide
Genetically Modified Lettuce
Do you think
production of these
fruits is harmful or
helpful with regards
to:
society?
the environment?
the economy?
References
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/07/070730111638.htm
http://webecoist.com/2009/02/19/genetically-modified-fruits-vegetables/
http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/
http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/africa_policy_on_genetically_modified_organisms_gmo_and_genetically_engineered_ge_foods
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904900904576552543026705926.html#printMode%3D%26project%3DFRUIT090711%26articleTabs%3Dinteractive