Generator fundamentals 2
-
Upload
walid-salama -
Category
Education
-
view
2.336 -
download
0
Transcript of Generator fundamentals 2
![Page 1: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Introduction to GE Generators
![Page 2: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Objectives
• Understand the basic GE generator.• Understand what the following components do:
– Rotor
– Collector Rings
– Brushes
– Stator Frame
– Stator Core
– Stator Windings
– Stator Connections
![Page 3: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• GE electrical generators are totally enclosed units that use Hydrogen or Air as the cooling medium.
GE Generators
![Page 4: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
GE Generators
• The generator is supplied with:– a self contained
ventilation system that includes gas coolers, fans, and filters..
![Page 5: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
GE Generators
• GE machines are designed for continuous operation.
• Temperature Detectors (RTD’s) permit the measurement of winding and gas stream temperatures.
![Page 6: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
GE Generators
• The generator is constructed to withstand all normal conditions of operation as well as short circuit faults.
• Hydrogen cooled units are capable of containing an internal explosion.
![Page 7: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Generator Rotor
![Page 8: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The “Rotor” is a simple bar magnet that has DC flowing through it and is turned by either a steam or gas turbine.
![Page 9: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• DC current is supplied to the rotor by an excitation system or “Exciter” (aka Voltage Regulator).
![Page 10: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• Longitudinal slots cut into the rotor body hold the field coils.
• Additional slots provide rotor ventilation.
The Rotor
![Page 11: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• The rotor receives DC current from the exciter and creates a rotating magnetic field.
• The rotor is machined from a single alloy steel forging.
The Rotor
![Page 12: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Rotor
![Page 13: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• DC is applied to the rotor through slip rings (collector rings) and carbon brushes.
The Rotor
![Page 14: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• Collector Rings are made from copper, brass or steel and are insulated from the generator shaft.
The Collector Rings
![Page 15: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• Larger generators will use steel collector rings to compensate for large amounts of heat that can be generated.
• Rings are orientated such that the (-) negative ring is inboard (closest to the generator) and the (+) outboard.
The Collector Rings
![Page 16: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• Steel collector rings will have a groove cut into the face for cooling and for proper brush wear.
The Collector Rings
![Page 17: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• 48 Brushes are used in 7FA applications.
• Carbon is chosen because:– Excellent Conductor– Cheaper– Natural Lubricant
The Brushes
![Page 18: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Current into the page
Current out of the page
Centerline of Poles
A
A
View A - A
ROTOR w/Field Windings
+
-
![Page 19: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Stator
![Page 20: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The stator is composed of three major elements:
The Frame
The Core
and
The Windings
The Stator
![Page 21: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Stator
![Page 22: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Outer Frame
• The Outer Frame:– Gas Guide
– Explosion Proof Barrier
– Sound Proof Enclosure
– Grounded
![Page 23: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Inner Frame
• The Inner Frame:– Supports the Core
and Windings
![Page 24: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Frame
![Page 25: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
Up to 350,000 individual laminations.
![Page 26: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
Laminations or punchings are assembled on machined key bars (ribs) and are separated into packets by small space
blocks to provide ventilation ducts.
![Page 27: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
The laminations must be carefully aligned and checked to ensure that the stator bars will fit accurately into the
slots and maintain the required specific clearances.
![Page 28: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
Once assembled tightening is accomplished with a hydraulic ram which can apply a total load of up to
1200 tons.
![Page 29: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
The end result is that the core behaves similar to that of a solid cylinder.
![Page 30: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
![Page 31: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Core
![Page 32: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Windings
![Page 33: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Windings
• Each phase is split into groups of windings 180o apart.
![Page 34: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Stator• The stationary component of
the generator.
• The stator or “armature” is where generator voltage and current is induced.
![Page 35: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Windings
• The stator windings are composed of insulated bars assembled in the stator slots, joined at the ends to form coils, and connected to the proper phase belts by bus rings.
![Page 36: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Windings
• The stator bars are composed of insulated copper conductors (strands) transposed by the “Roebel” method.
![Page 37: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
The Stator
![Page 38: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• In a simple generator, the field winding or “Rotor” is rotated under 3 sets of armature or “Stator” windings.
• These windings produce 3 distinct outputs that are 120o apart.
Three Phase AC Generation
![Page 39: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
• Each stator winding or phase is actually several windings connected in series.
• Windings connected in series increase the voltage in each phase. This is desirable to limit the strength of the excitation current.
Three Phase AC Generation
![Page 40: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Stator Arrangement
![Page 41: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
A
AView A-A
![Page 42: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Centerline of Poles
Centerline of Flux
Flux Pattern inside the generator when the unit is:
OFF LINE
@ RATED Terminal volts
![Page 43: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
A
AView A-A
![Page 44: Generator fundamentals 2](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062418/554a1294b4c905825d8b4ba9/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
GE Power Systems
Revision Date: 02/10/2000Revision Date: 02/10/2000 Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!Property of Power Systems University- Proprietary Information for Training Purposes Only!
Draw the AC WaveformIn
duce
d V
olta
ge
TB1-06