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Thermal Engineering Interna-tionalStainless steel intercoolerunit.

Volvo Aero (Sweden)Case andframes for the IPT and power tur-

bines.

Technical Description

ComponentsLayout

The LMS100 is a three-spool,aeroderivative industrial gas turbinewith hot-end drive.

IntakeRadial inlet.

LP CompressorAxial compressor with six stages

taken from the MS6000FA with mi-nor modifications. Air is delivered toan intercooler.

HP CompressorA 14-stage compressor from the

LM6000 turbine with some modifica-tions. The overall pressure ratio forthe compressor section is 42:1.

CombustorThe initial model, the LMS100PA,

is equipped with a single annularcombustor (SAC) with dual gas and

oil capability. Steam or water injec-tion for emissions control.

Now available is the LMS100PBwith a dry low emissions (DLE) sys-tem. In this configuration, a largerdual annular premixed combustor isemployed.

The SAC system s with steam/wa-ter injection limit NOx emissions to25ppm. Steam injection power aug-mented variant (STIG) also offered.

HP TurbineTwo-stage axial turbine drives the

HP compressor. The stage is derivedfrom the CF6-80E aero turbine. TheLM6000 HP turbine is based on theearlier CF6-80C2.

IP TurbineThis all new turbine is equipped

with two axial stages and drives theLP compressor.

LP/Power TurbineThe five-stage free power turbine

is based unit used on the LM6000model. Three thousand rpmand 3,600rpm variants are offered to serve the50-Hz and 60-Hz markets, respec-tively.

Additional FeaturesThe LMS100 features a heavy

duty turbine design intercooler be-tweenthe LPC and HPC sections withair to water and air to air designs. Thecooler air entering the HPC allows forgreater mass flow and compressionratio. The unit is fabricated entirely instainless steel.

The LMS100 turbine's GE MarkVI electronic control system featuresdual channel redundant design.

Specifications

Model Output Elec. Heat Rate Elec. Mass Flow Turbine Exhaust(MWe) Cycles (Btu/kW-hr) Efficiency (lb/sec) Speed Temp (F)

LMS100PA* 103,112 60-Hz 7,773 43.9% 469 3,600 rpm 770

LMS100PA* 103,162 50-Hz 7,769 43.9% 469 3,000 rpm 767

LMS100PB** 97,718 60-Hz 7,592 45.0% 453 3,600 rpm 783

LMS100PB** 97,878 50-Hz 7,579 45.0% 453 3,000 rpm 784

*SAC, water injected to 25 ppm NOx

**DLE, 25 ppm NOx

Marketing Data

Costs

Our estimated value for a basic

simple-cycle LMS100 power genera-tion plant is $50 million.

Recent Orders

J u l y 2 0 0 4GE E n erg y an-nounces the first North Americancontract for a LMS100 generator set.The purchaser is Basin ElectricPower Cooperative from Groton, ND.

The turbine will generate 94 mega-watts upon its entry into service inmid 2006.

J u n e 2 0 0 5 E a st Ke n t u ck yPower Cooperative, of Winchester,

KY, ordered five units to be used forpeaking and mid-load requirements.

November 2006EPCOR PowerDevelopment ordered an LMS100and took an option for a second unit.

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The engine will be installed at thecompany's Clover Bar GeneratingStation ion Edmonton, Alberta, Can-ada.

June 2008Topaz Power Groupo r d e r e d t w o L M S 1 0 0 0 s f o r a200-MW simple-cycle generation

plant adjacent to its Laredo PowerStation.

Milestones

Date Milestone

2000 Internal program launchDec. 3, 2003 LMS100 unveiled

November 2004 Initial testing completedJul. 29, 2004 First contract announcedDec. 6, 2005 GE announces first unit shipped in October 2005July 2006 First unit enters service2010 First LMS100 PB planned for shipment

Program Overview

Background

Initial DevelopmentGeneral Electric unveiled theLMS100 at the December 2003Power-Gen International as theworld's most efficient simple-cyclegas turbine. The turbine has its rootsin the late 1980s when the plans for a100-MW industrial aeroderivativewasinitially launched at GE. Progresswas slowed during the next 10 yearsas technology and cash flow caughtup to the idea, so it wasn't until the

peak of the power generation boom in2000 that the program was officiallylaunched.

The LMS100 concept, conceivedin 1992, was to put together the frontend of a heavy duty industrial turbinetogether with an intercooler ahead ofthe core of the LM6000 turbine to in-crease the overall pressure ratio and

boost the output and efficiency of theunit.

GE brought together teams fromits Aero Engine (GEAE), Power Sys-tems (GEPS), Industrial Systems andGlobal Research Center group withoutside partners Avio, Volvo Aeroand Sumitomo for the developmentand production of the turbine.

GEAE had overall program man-agement and designed the core en-gine, intermediate turbine frame,

power turbine module, core enginecontrol, and led the system engineer-ing and integration efforts, includingthe intercooling system.

GEPS's Gas Turbine Technologygroup in Greenville, SC, designed thelow-pressure compressor, exit and in-let scrolls, power turbine aftshaft sys-tem, and exhaust diffuser/collector.GE Energy of Houston, TX, designedthe engine mounting system, packageenclosure, control system software,and auxiliary support systems.

GE Industrial Systems designedand supplies the control system usingits Mark VIe control system withdual-channel architecture.

GE Global Research Center con-ducted combustion testing and pro-vided technical expertise.

Avio was responsible for the de-sign, development, manufacturing,and assembly of the intermediate

power turbine rotor/stator moduleand fore the design of the power tur-

bine, as well as manufacturing a large

portion of the power turbine modulecomponents.Volvo Aero is a risk and reve-

nue-sharing partner in the LMS100. Itwas responsible for the design, devel-opment and production of the powerturbine case, as well as production ofthe compressor rear frame and inter-mediate power turbine frame.

Sumitomo has responsibility forthe supply of a significant share of

production generators.The unit's LMS100 designation is

a blend of the General Electric Indus-trial MS and aeroderivative LM pre-fixes with the turbine's 100 megawatt

power output.The company credits its adoption

of Six Sigma process managementwith helping it introduce the LMS100aswell asits H technology heavy dutyturbines.

The stated benefits of the end-re-sult of the program is a reliable tur-

bi ne ab le to ta ke th e ri go rs ofoperating in peak/mid-load environ-ments while maintaining high effi-c ie nc y a t a w id e r an ge o f environmental conditions.

MRO

Maintainability FeaturesThe LMS100 has many features

designed to enhance the powerplant's

availability and maintainability. Prin-cipal among these are its modularconstruction which permits replace-

ment of the aero components withouttotal disassembly. The so-called"super corecomprising the front

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frame, HP compressor, combustor,HP turbine, IP turbine and turbinemid-frameare designed to be ex-changed in less than four days.

Other features include multiplebor esc ope por ts; con dition- bas edmaintenance and remote diagnostics;

split casing construction; externallymounted accessories for ease ofon-site replacement; and pack-age-mounted maintenance cranes inthe auxiliary module.

CSAsGE offers Contractual Services

Agreements (CSAs) that provide

field service, labor, and parts and re-pairs. The company's lease enginepro gram provid es a spare "su percore" that can be installed in 24 hourswhen service center maintenance isrequired. The power turbine modulecan also be replaced within an addi-

tional 24 hours.

Service IntervalsEvery 4,000 hours a borescope in-

spection is recommended. This takes12 hours, including cool-down time.The first hot section interval isreached at 25,000 hours of operation.This includes an on-site hot section

(combustor, HPT, and IPT) replace-ment. The first depot maintenance co-mes at 50,000 hours. This includes amajor hot-section overhaul; inspec-tion of booster, intercooler, scrollframes, HPC, aft shaft and turbine

bearings. A hot section interval oc-

curs at 75,000 hours, followed by thenext depot maintenance at 100,000hours.

Recent Activity

First InstallationOn July 29, 2004, GE announced

that it had booked itsfirst order for theLMS100 with Basin Electric PowerCooperative of Bismarck, ND. Thecompleted unit finished testing andwasshipped from Houston in October2005. On July 5, 2006, GE reported

that the gas turbine had entered com-mercial service.

DLE SystemThe latest upgrade to the LMS100

is the option for a dry low emission(DLE) system. Modifications includea new larger dual annular premixedcombustor, first stage HP turbine noz-zle cooling, and the addition of fuel

metering valves, and eighth-stage andCDP bleeds. The designation of the

DLE engine is LMS100PB (originalm od el i s n ow k no wn a s t heLMS100PA).

Program StatusAs of October 2009, it was re-

ported that GE had received ordersfor a total of 38 LMS1000 units

Teal Group Evaluation

The LMS100 is clearly a techno-logically superior product and has setthe standard for simple-cycle effi-ciency in its power class. Its high unitcosts are justified by the fact that itsefficiency compares favorably withthe combined cycle numbers of manycurrent heavy duty offerings.

The 100-MW power range andaeroderivative characteristics (quickstart, high efficiency, low lapse rate)of the LMS100 make it a good fit forthe mid-load market.

We suspect that in the longer term,evolutionary improvements could

bring the thermal efficiency of a com-

bined-cycle variant closer to the 60%range.

With all this in its favor, we see aconstantly growingorder book fortheLMS100. Teal Group numbers haveGE producing 174 units in the nextten years with a total value of around$8.7 billion to the company.

Production Forecast

Units Thru 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total

Power GenerationLMS100 8 14 16 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 182

Value (2010 $Millions) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total

Power GenerationLMS100 700.0 800.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 900.0 8,700.0

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