Fuel Cell Presentation P26!31!7!1!2013

7/30/2019 Fuel Cell Presentation P26!31!7!1!2013

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Fuel Cell

Auxiliary Power Systemand Derivative

Applications

By: BAN Vanny &

HOUR Sokaon

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Content: Application, Demonstration and status

1.8.1. Station Electric Power

1.8.2. Distributed Generation

1.8.3. Vehicle Motive Power

1.8.4. Space and Other Closed Environment Power

1.8.5. Auxiliary Power Systems

1.8.6. Derivative Application

By: BAN Vanny & HOUR Sokaon 2


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(APUs) : are devices that provide all or part of the

non-propulsion for vehicles.

High-profile fuel cell: automotive propulsion and

distributed power generation.



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The application of APUs

Heavy Duty Trucks

Airplanes

Trains

Ships

Recreation Vehicles

Automobile




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Fuel Cells can serve as a generator, battery charger and

heat supply.

It can adapt the most environments in Arctic and

Antarctic region.

Prototype Fuel Cell has the same size and delivers the

same power as a batter.




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1- System Performance Requirements

2- Technology Status

3- System Configuration and Technology Issues

4- Cost Considerations

5- SOFC Cost Structure

6- Outlook and Conclusion




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Fuel Cell APUs will have to operate on gasoline, diesel

for the heavy truck.

Fuel Cell APUs should be water sufficient.

In station operation, fuel cell APUs must be able to

provide power rapidly after start-up and follow the loads,

so it is the competitive point to the internal combustion

engine.

1- System Performance Requirements



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Several researcher and developers are being

developed on residential PEFC power system

because it can be adapted for APU application

and most applications are transportation.

Few developers have paid attention to create

SOFC APUs that the most applications are on

small to medium sized generation.

2- Technology Status



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Overview of subsystems and components for PEFC system


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Overview of subsystems and components for SOFC and PEFC system




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Fuel Cell APUs consists of a fuel processor, a

stack system and balance of plant.

Main issue for component of PEFC system is to

minimize or eliminate the use of external supplied

water.




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Main component of SOFC APU are the fuel cell stack,

fuel processor, thermal management system and

balance of plant.

SOFC is operated in the high temperature (600-850 0C),

and high temperature recuperators are required to

maintain system efficiency, so recuperators consists

of expensive materials.




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New class product, total cost of ownership and operation of

the system is a critical factor in the commercialization.

All the components cost include: fuel cost, other operating

costs such as maintenance cost and the first cost of

equipment.

4- Cost Considerations



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The estimated manufacturing cost of SOFC APUs could be

5- SOFC Cost Structure

comparable to SOFC APUs system, while providing higher

system efficiency.



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Both PEFC and SOFC have the potential to meet

allowable cost targets and prove the technology.

Small capacity market and high production volumes

are commercially successful.

APUs application have to perform and demonstrate

the long life.

6- Outlook and Conclusion



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Fuel Cell attraction use in small portable units,

ranging in size from 5 W or smaller 100 W, IFC

military backpack.

IFC and Praxair Inc., venture to develop a unit

that converts natural gas to 99.99% pure hydrogen.

1.8.6. Derivative Applications



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Q & A



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Summary

Electrolyte: is a liquid or gel that contain ions. Commonly,

electrolytes are solutions of acids, bases, or salts. Primary ionsof electrolytes are Na+, K+, Ca+, Mg+, Cl-, HPO4+.

Low Temperature: all the fuel cell must be converted to H priorto entering the fuel cell.

High Temperature: Fuel Cell, CO and CH4 can internallyconverted to H or directly oxidized electrochemically.

Electrochemically (cell): device capable of either derivingelectrical energy from chemical reactionsl

Anode Catalyst in low temperature fuel cell (mainly Platinum) is

strongly poisoned by CO. Direct Alcohol FC or Direct Methanol FC: use Alcohol.

Direct Carbon FC: Solid Carbon is used directly in anode.


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Summary

Electrode ( in an electrochemical cell) is referred to as either

anode or cathode. Anode: defined as the electrode at which electrons leave the

cell and oxidation occurs.

Cathode: defined as the electrode at which electrons enter the

cell and reduction occurs. Each Electrode: anode or cathode depending on the direction of

current through the cell.

Catalyst: is a substance which causes the process of catalysis.

Catalysis: is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to theparticipation of a substance called catalyst.

Charge carrier: are ions, atoms or molecules that have gained orlost electron, so they are electrically charged.



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Summary

AFC: 2 electrodes are separated by porous matrix saturated

with an aqueous alkaline solution, such as KOH. AqueousAlkaline solutions do not reject CO2, so FC becomepoisoned through conversion KOH to K2CO3.

AFC operates on pure O2 , so Poison should be removed as

much as possible.

Fuel Cell ShipHYDRAused an AFC system with 6.5 kW netoutput and efficiency 70%.

PAFC: Reaction:

Anode reaction: 2H 4H++ 4e

Cathode reaction: O(g) + 4H++ 4e 2HO

Overall cell reaction: 2 H + O 2HO

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_(ship)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_(ship)


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Summary

MCFC: electron from H2 (anode side) produce electricity

and combined with O2 from air and CO2 recycle from usedfuel, so the molecules form carbonate ion CO3 andcarbonate ion move through electrode and combine withprotons to maintain the charge balance. This is possible if

the electrolyte is very hot 600 0C.



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Fuel Cell Presentation P26!31!7!1!2013

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